2015-2016
瀛﹀勾绂忓缓鐪佹硥宸炲競鍗楀畨涓�涓珮涓�锛堜笅锛夋湡鍒濆寲瀛﹁瘯鍗?/p>
--
绛旀瑙ｆ瀽
銆愮瓟妗堛�?/p>
1.BC
2.B
3.B
4.D
5.A
6.D
7.D
8.A
9.CD
10.B
11.C
12.D
13.B
14.D
15.A
16.C
17.D
18.2Na
2
O
2
+2CO
2
=2Na
2
CO
3
+O
2
锛?/p>
HCO
3
-
+H
+
=H
2
O+CO
2
鈫?/p>
19.
閰告�э紱纰辨�э紱
SiO
2
锛?/p>
Fe
锛?/p>
OH
锛?/p>
3
銆?/p>
Mg
锛?/p>
OH
锛?/p>
2
鍜?/p>
Al
锛?/p>
OH
锛?/p>
3
锛?/p>
C
锛?/p>
D
锛?/p>
Na
2
CO
3
+SO
2
=Na
2
SO
3
+CO
2
鎴?/p>
H
2
SO
3
+Na
2
CO
3
=Na
2
SO
3
+CO
2
鈫?H
2
O
锛?/p>
Na
2
SO
3
+H
2
O+SO
2
=2NaHSO
3
鎴?/p>
Na
2
SO
3
+H
2
SO
3
=2NaHSO
3
20.Na
2
CO
3
锛?/p>
2NaHCO
3
Na
2
CO
3
+CO
2
鈫?H
2
O
锛?/p>
HCO
3
-
+OH
-
=CO
3
2-
+H
2
O
锛?/p>
2Na
2
O
2
+2CO
2
=2Na
2
CO
3
+O
2
锛?/p>
0.2N
A
21.
锛涘共鐕ョ殑鏈夎壊甯冩潯鏃犳槑鏄剧幇璞★紝娼箍鐨勬湁鑹插竷鏉¤お鑹诧紱
2Cl
2
+2Ca
锛?/p>
OH
锛?/p>
2
=CaCl
2
+Ca
锛?/p>
ClO
锛?/p>
2
+2H
2
O
锛?/p>
Ca
锛?/p>
ClO
锛?/p>
2
锛?/p>
1
锛?/p>
1
锛?/p>
ABD
22.2.0
锛?/p>
1
锛?/p>
47.5%
銆愯В鏋愩�?/p>
1.
瑙ｏ細
A
锛庤繃婊ゅ彧鑳介櫎鍘绘按涓殑涓嶆憾鎬ф潅璐紝鑰屾捣姘存贰鍖栨槸闄ゅ幓娴锋按涓殑鍙憾鎬ф潅璐紝璇ユ柟娉曚笉鑳界敤鏉ユ贰鍖栨捣姘达紝鏁?/p>
A
閿欒锛?/p>
B
锛庤捀鍙戞槸鎶婃按浠庢捣姘翠腑鍒嗙鍑烘潵锛屽喎鍗村悗鍙緱钂搁姘达紝璇ユ柟娉曡兘鐢ㄦ潵瀹炵幇娴锋按娣″寲锛屾晠
B
姝ｇ‘锛?/p>
C
锛庢捣姘翠负鐩愬拰姘寸殑娣峰悎鐗╋紝浜岃�呮哺鐐逛笉鍚岋紝钂搁娉曟槸鎶婃按浠庢捣姘寸殑娣峰悎鐗╀腑鍒嗙鍑烘潵锛屽緱鍒扮函鍑�鐨勬按锛屾晠
C
姝ｇ‘锛?/p>
D
锛庤悆鍙栫敤浜庡垎绂诲湪涓嶅悓婧跺墏涓殑婧惰В搴︿笉鍚岀殑鐗╄川锛屾捣姘翠腑瀛樺湪澶ч噺鐨勭洂锛屼笉鑳界敤钀冨彇鐨勬柟娉曟贰鍖栵紝鏁?/p>
D
閿欒锛?/p>
鏁呴�?/p>
BC
锛?/p>
鎵�璋撴捣姘存贰鍖栨槸鎸囬櫎鍘绘捣姘翠腑鐨勭洂鍒嗕互鑾峰緱娣℃按鐨勫伐鑹鸿繃绋嬶紙鍙堢О娴锋按鑴辩洂锛夛紝鍏舵柟娉曡緝澶氾紝濡傝捀棣忋�佽捀鍙戞硶銆佸弽娓楅�忔硶銆佹按
鍚堢墿娉曘�佺數娓楅�忔硶銆佺瀛愪氦鎹㈡硶鍜屽帇娓楁硶绛夛紝浠ユ瑙ｇ瓟锛?/p>
鏈鑰冩煡鐗╄川鐨勫垎绂汇�佹彁绾紝渚ч噸浜庡鐢熺殑鍒嗘瀽鑳藉姏鍜屽疄楠岃兘鍔涚殑鑰冩煡锛屼负楂橀鑰冪偣锛屾敞鎰忔妸鎻＄墿璐ㄧ殑鎬ц川鐨勫紓鍚岋紝涓鸿В绛旇
棰樼殑鍏抽敭锛岄毦搴︿笉澶э紟
2.
瑙ｏ細
A
锛?/p>
Cu
鏄噾灞炲崟璐紝鏃笉鏄數瑙ｈ川涔熶笉鏄潪鐢佃В璐紝鏁?/p>
A
閿欒锛?/p>
B
锛?/p>
HI
鏄己閰革紝
HF
鏄急閰革紝灞炰簬寮辩數瑙ｈ川锛屾皑姘斾笉鑳藉鐢碉紝灞炰簬闈炵數瑙ｈ川锛屾晠
B
姝ｇ‘锛?/p>
C
锛?/p>
H
3
PO
4
鍦ㄦ按涓彧鏈夐儴鍒嗙數绂伙紝鎵�浠ュ睘浜庡急鐢佃В璐紱
BaSO
4
鍦ㄦ按婧舵恫涓櫧闅炬憾锛屼絾婧朵簬姘寸殑閮ㄥ垎鎴栫啍铻嶇姸鎬佷笅鑳藉畬鍏ㄧ數绂伙紝
BaSO
4
鈺?/p>
Ba
2+
+SO
4
2-
鎵�浠ュ睘浜庡己鐢佃В璐紝
H
2
O
鈬?/p>
H
+
+OH
-
鍙湁閮ㄥ垎鐢电锛屾墍浠ュ睘浜庡急鐢佃В璐紝鏁?/p>
C
閿欒锛?/p>
D
锛?/p>
HBr
鏄己鐢佃В璐紝鏁?/p>
D
閿欒锛?/p>
鏁呴�?/p>
B
锛?/p>
寮虹數瑙ｈ川鏄寚鍦ㄦ按婧舵恫鎴栫啍鍖栫姸鎬佷笅瀹屽叏鐢电鎴愮瀛愮殑鍖栧悎鐗╋紱寮辩數瑙ｈ川鏄寚鍦ㄦ憾娑蹭腑涓嶅畬鍏ㄧ數绂伙紝鍙湁閮ㄥ垎鐢电鐨勫寲鍚堢墿锛?/p>
闈炵數瑙ｈ川鏄寚鍦ㄦ按婧舵恫閲屾垨鐔旇瀺鐘舵�佷笅閮戒笉瀵肩數鐨勫寲鍚堢墿锛涘崟璐ㄣ�佹贩鍚堢墿锛屾棦涓嶆槸鐢佃В璐ㄤ篃涓嶆槸闈炵數瑙ｈ川锛屾嵁姝ゅ垎鏋愬嵆鍙В
绛旓紟
鏈鑰冩煡浜嗗己鐢佃В璐ㄣ�佸急鐢佃В璐ㄥ拰闈炵數瑙ｈ川鐨勫垽鏂紝鏄庣‘鐢佃В璐ㄧ殑寮哄急涓庣數绂荤▼搴︽湁鍏虫槸瑙ｇ瓟鏈鐨勫叧閿紝棰樼洰闅惧害涓嶅ぇ锛?/p>
3.
瑙ｏ細
A
锛庡垎娑叉椂锛屽垎娑叉紡鏂椾笅灞傛恫浣撲粠涓嬪彛鏀惧嚭锛屼笂灞傛恫浣撲粠涓婂彛鍊掑嚭锛岀洰鐨勬槸閬垮厤娑蹭綋閲嶆柊娣峰悎鑰屾薄鏌擄紝鏁?/p>
A
姝ｇ‘锛?/p>
B
锛?/p>
CaCl
2
銆?/p>
MgCl
2
鏄撴憾浜庢按锛屼笉鑳界敤杩囨护鐨勬柟娉曞垎绂伙紝搴斿垎鍒姞鍏ユ阿姘у寲閽犮�佺⒊閰搁挔銆佺洂閰告彁绾紝鏁?/p>
B
閿欒锛?/p>
C
锛庣鍦ㄥ洓姘寲纰充腑鐨勬憾瑙ｅ害杈冨ぇ锛屼笖鍥涙隘鍖栫⒊涓嶆憾浜庢按锛屽彲鐢ㄤ簬钀冨彇锛屾晠
C
姝ｇ‘锛?/p>
D
锛?/p>
Fe
锛?/p>
OH
锛?/p>
3
鑳朵綋鍏锋湁涓佽揪灏旀晥搴旓紝涓鸿兌浣撶殑鐗瑰緛鎬ц川锛屽彲鐢ㄤ簬閴村埆锛屾晠
D
姝ｇ‘锛?/p>
鏁呴�?/p>
B
锛?/p>
A
锛庡垎娑叉椂锛岃閬垮厤娑蹭綋閲嶆柊娣峰悎鑰屾薄鏌擄紱
B
锛?/p>
CaCl
2
銆?/p>
MgCl
2
鏄撴憾浜庢按锛屼笉鑳界敤杩囨护鐨勬柟娉曞垎绂伙紱
C
锛庣鍦ㄥ洓姘寲纰充腑鐨勬憾瑙ｅ害杈冨ぇ锛屼笖鍥涙隘鍖栫⒊涓嶆憾浜庢按锛?/p>
D
锛庤兌浣撳叿鏈変竵杈惧皵鏁堝簲锛?/p>
鏈鑰冩煡鐗╄川鐨勫垎绂汇�佹彁绾互鍙婇壌鍒紝涓洪珮鑰冨父瑙侀鍨嬪拰楂橀鑰冪偣锛屼晶閲嶄簬瀛︾敓鐨勫垎鏋愯兘鍔涘拰瀹為獙鑳藉姏鐨勮�冩煡锛屾敞鎰忔妸鎻＄墿璐?/p>
鐨勬�ц川鐨勫紓鍚岋紝瀛︿範涓敞鎰忕浉鍏冲熀纭�鐭ヨ瘑鐨勭Н绱紝闅惧害涓嶅ぇ锛?/p>
4.
瑙ｏ細
A
銆佹爣鍐典笅
2.24L
姘熸皵鐨勭墿璐ㄧ殑閲忎负
0.1mol
锛岃�屾盁姘斾负鍙屽師瀛愬垎瀛愶紝鏁?/p>
0.1mol
姘熸皵涓惈
0.2N
A
涓師瀛愶紝鏁?/p>
A
閿欒锛?/p>
B
銆佷簩姘у寲纰充腑鏃犳哀姘斿垎瀛愶紝鍚湁鐨勬槸姘у師瀛愶紝鏁?/p>
B
閿欒锛?/p>
C
銆?/p>
78g
杩囨哀鍖栭挔鐨勭墿璐ㄧ殑閲忎负
1mol
锛岃�?/p>
1mol
杩囨哀鍖栭挔涓惈
2mol
閽犵瀛愶紝鏁呭惈
2N
A
涓挔绂诲瓙锛屾晠
C
閿欒锛?/p>
D
銆?/p>
2.3g
閽犵殑鐗╄川鐨勯噺涓?/p>
0.1mol
锛岃�屽弽搴斿悗閽犲彉涓?/p>
+1
浠凤紝鏁?/p>
0.1mol
閽犲け鍘?/p>
0.1N
A
涓紝鏁?/p>
D
姝ｇ‘锛?/p>
鏁呴�?/p>
D
锛?/p>
A
銆佹眰鍑烘盁姘旂殑鐗╄川鐨勯噺锛岀劧鍚庢牴鎹盁姘斾负鍙屽師瀛愬垎瀛愶紱
B
銆佷簩姘у寲纰充腑鏃犳哀姘斿垎瀛愶紱
C
銆佹眰鍑鸿繃姘у寲閽犵殑鐗╄川鐨勯噺锛岀劧鍚庢牴鎹?/p>
1mol
杩囨哀鍖栭挔涓惈
2mol
閽犵瀛愭潵鍒嗘瀽锛?/p>
D
銆佹眰鍑洪挔鐨勭墿璐ㄧ殑閲忥紝鐒跺悗鏍规嵁鍙嶅簲鍚庨挔鍙樹负
+1
浠锋潵鍒嗘瀽锛?/p>
鏈鑰冩煡浜嗛樋浼忎冀寰风綏甯告暟鐨勬湁鍏宠绠楋紝鎺屾彙鐗╄川鐨勯噺鐨勮绠楀叕寮忓拰鐗╄川缁撴瀯鏄В棰樺叧閿紝闅惧害涓嶅ぇ锛?/p>
5.
瑙ｏ細
A
锛庣⒈婧舵恫涓缁勭瀛愪箣闂翠笉鍙嶅簲锛屽彲澶ч噺鍏卞瓨锛屼笖绂诲瓙鍧囦负鏃犺壊锛屾晠
A
姝ｇ‘锛?/p>
B
锛庣⒈婧舵恫涓笉鑳藉ぇ閲忓瓨鍦?/p>
NH
4
+
锛屾晠
B
閿欒锛?/p>