绗竷绔?/p>
缁熻鐑姏瀛﹀熀纭�
1.
璁炬湁涓�涓綋绯?/p>
,
鐢变笁涓畾浣嶇殑鍗曠淮绠�璋愭尟瀛愭墍缁勬垚
,
浣撶郴鑳介噺涓?/p>
11/2 h谓,杩?/p>
涓変釜鎸瓙鍦ㄤ笁涓浐瀹氱殑浣嶇疆涓婃尟鍔?/p>
,
璇曟眰浣撶郴鍏ㄩ儴鐨勫井瑙傜姸鎬佹暟銆?/p>
2.
褰撶儹鍔涘浣撶郴鐨勭喌鍑芥暟
S
澧炲姞
0.418
J/K
鏃讹紝
鍒欎綋绯荤殑寰鐘舵�佹暟澧炲姞澶氬皯锛?/p>
鐢?/p>
螖惟/惟
1
琛ㄧず銆?/p>
3.
瀵逛簬鍙屽師瀛愬垎瀛愶紝璇佹槑锛?/p>
U
r
=NkT U
v
=NkT
璁惧熀鎬佹尟鍔ㄨ兘涓洪浂锛?
鈮?+x 銆?/p>
4
锛庡皢
N
2
姘斿湪鐢靛姬涓姞鐑紝浠庡厜璋变腑瑙傚療鍒板浜庣涓�婵�鍙戞�佺殑鐩稿鍒嗗瓙鏁?
N
(v=1)
/N
(v=0)
=0.26,
寮忎腑
谓
涓烘尟鍔ㄩ噺瀛愭暟
N(v=0)
涓哄熀鎬佸崰鏈夌殑鍒嗗瓙鏁帮紝
N(v=1)
涓?/p>
绗竴婵�鍙戞尟鍔ㄦ�佸崰鏈夌殑鍒嗗瓙鏁帮紝宸茬煡
N2
鐨勬尟鍔ㄩ鐜?/p>
谓= 6.99脳
,
(1)
璁＄畻姘斾綋娓╁害銆?/p>
(2)
璁＄畻鎸姩鑳介噺鍦ㄦ�昏兘閲忥紙鍖呮嫭骞冲姩锛岃浆鍔ㄥ拰鎸姩锛変腑鎵�鍗犵殑鐧惧垎鏁般�?/p>
5
锛?/p>
璁炬煇鐞嗘兂姘斾綋
A,
鍏跺垎瀛愮殑鏈�浣庤兘绾ф槸闈炵畝骞剁殑
,
鍙栧垎瀛愮殑鍩烘�佷綔涓鸿兘閲忛浂鐐?/p>
,
鐩搁偦鑳界骇鐨勮兘閲忎负
蔚锛屽叾绠�骞跺害涓?/p>
2
锛屽拷鐣ユ洿楂樿兘绾с�?/p>
锛?/p>
1
锛?/p>
鍐欏嚭
A
鍒嗗瓙鐨勬�婚厤鍒嗗嚱鏁扮殑琛ㄨ揪寮忋�?/p>
锛?/p>
2
锛?/p>
璁?/p>
蔚=kT锛屾眰鍑虹浉閭讳袱鑳界骇涓婃渶姒傜劧鍒嗗瓙鏁颁箣姣?/p>
n
1
/n
0
銆?/p>
锛?/p>
3
锛?/p>
璁?/p>
蔚=kT锛岃瘯璁＄畻
1
鎽╁皵璇ユ皵浣撶殑骞冲潎鑳介噺鏄灏戯紵
6
锛?/p>
鏌愭皵浣撶殑绗竴鐢靛瓙婵�鍙戞�佹瘮鍩烘�佽兘閲忛珮
400 kJ/mol,
璇曡绠?/p>
锛?/p>
1
锛?/p>
鍦?/p>
300 K
鏃讹紝绗竴婵�鍙戞�佸垎瀛愭墍鍗犵殑鐧惧垎鏁帮紵
锛?/p>
2
锛?/p>
鑻ヨ浣挎縺鍙戞�佺殑鍒嗗瓙鏁板崰
10%
锛屽垯闇�澶氬皯娓╁害锛?/p>
7
锛?/p>
闆舵棌鍏冪礌姘╋紙
Ar
锛夊彲鐪嬩綔鐞嗘兂姘斾綋锛岀浉瀵瑰垎瀛愰噺涓?/p>
40
锛屽彇鍒嗗瓙鐨勫熀鎬侊紙璁?/p>
鍏剁畝骞跺害涓?/p>
1
锛変綔涓鸿兘閲忛浂鐐癸紝绗竴婵�鍙戞�侊紙璁惧叾绠�骞跺害涓?/p>
2
锛変笌鍩烘�佽兘閲忓樊涓?/p>
蔚锛屽拷鐣ュ叾瀹冮珮鑳界骇銆?/p>
锛?/p>
1
锛?/p>
鍐欏嚭姘╁垎瀛愮殑鎬荤殑閰嶅垎鍑芥暟琛ㄨ揪寮忋�?/p>
锛?/p>
2
锛?/p>
璁?/p>
蔚=5kT锛屾眰鍦ㄧ涓�婵�鍙戞�佷笂鏈�鍙嚑鍒嗗竷鐨勫垎瀛愭暟鍗犳�诲垎瀛愭暟鐨勭櫨鍒嗘暟銆?/p>