銆?/p>
鏈夋満鍖栧
銆?/p>
涔犻鍙傝�冪瓟妗?/p>
寮?/p>
瑷�
杩欐湰鍙傝�冪瓟妗堟槸鏅�氶珮绛夋暀鑲测�滃崄浜屼簲鈥濊鍒掓暀鏉愩�婃湁鏈哄寲瀛︺�?/p>
锛堝懆鑾广�佽禆妗傛槬涓荤紪锛屽寲瀛﹀伐涓氬嚭鐗堢ぞ鍑虹増锛変腑鐨勪範棰橀厤濂楃殑銆傛垜浠?/p>
璁や负鍋氱粌涔犳槸璁粌瀛︾敓鍚勭鑳藉姏鐨勬湁鏁堥�斿緞涔嬩竴锛屾槸瀵硅嚜宸辨墍瀛﹀唴瀹规槸鍚︽帉鎻＄殑涓�绉嶆祴楠屻�傚洜姝わ紝瑕佹眰鍚屽浠湪瀛︿範銆佹秷鍖栧拰褰掔撼鎬荤粨鎵�
瀛︾浉鍏崇煡璇嗙殑鍩虹涓婂畬鎴愮粌涔狅紝鍗充娇鏈変簺鍙兘鍋氶敊涔熸病鏈夊叧绯伙紝鍙灏藉績鍘诲仛灏辫锛屽洜涓烘湰鍙傝�冪瓟妗堝彲涓鸿鑰呭畬鎴愮浉鍏崇粌涔犲悗鍙婃椂鏍稿鎻?/p>
渚涙柟渚匡紝灏界鎴戜滑鐨勬湁浜涘弬鑰冪瓟妗堬紙濡傚悎鎴愰銆侀壌鍒锛変笉鏄敮涓�鐨勩�?/p>
鍖椾含澶у閭㈠叾姣呮暀鎺堝湪浠栦富缂栫殑銆婂熀纭�鏈夋満鍖栧涔犻瑙ｇ瓟涓庤В棰樼ず渚嬨�嬩竴涔︾殑鍓嶈█涓啓閬擄細
鈥滆В棰樻湁鐐瑰儚瑙ｈ皽锛岄噸鍦ㄦ�濊�冦�佹帹鐞嗗拰鍒?/p>
鏋愶紝涓�鏃︽彮寮�浜嗚皽搴曪紝灏遍毦浠ュ緱鍒板緢濂界殑璁粌銆?/p>
鈥?/p>
杩欏彞璇濆緢绗﹀悎鏈夋満鍖栧瑙ｉ鐨勭壒鐐癸紝鐗规憳褰曚笅鏉ュ鐚粰鍚屽浠�傛垜浠互涓猴紝鍚冮�忓苟娑堝寲
浜嗘湰鍙傝�冪瓟妗堬紝灏嗕細鍙楃泭鍖祬锛屽浜庢姤鑰冪爺绌剁敓鐨勫悓瀛︼紝涔熷熀鏈鐢ㄣ�?/p>
绗竴绔?/p>
缁
1-1
瑙ｏ細
锛?/p>
1
锛?/p>
C
1
鍜?/p>
C
2
鐨勬潅鍖栫被鍨嬬敱
sp
3
鏉傚寲鏀瑰彉涓?/p>
sp
2
鏉傚寲锛?/p>
C
3
鏉傚寲绫诲瀷涓嶅彉銆?/p>
锛?/p>
2
锛?/p>
C
1
鍜?/p>
C
2
鐨勬潅鍖栫被鍨嬬敱
sp
鏉傚寲鏀瑰彉涓?/p>
sp
3
鏉傚寲銆?/p>
锛?/p>
3
锛?/p>
C
1
鍜?/p>
C
2
鐨勬潅鍖栫被鍨嬬敱
sp
2
鏉傚寲鏀瑰彉涓?/p>
sp
3
鏉傚寲锛?/p>
C
3
鏉傚寲绫诲瀷涓嶅彉銆?/p>
1-2
瑙ｏ細
(1) Lewis
閰?/p>
H
+
锛?/p>
R
+
锛?/p>
R
锛?/p>
C
+
锛?/p>
O
锛?/p>
Br
+
锛?/p>
AlCl
3
锛?/p>
BF
3
锛?/p>
Li
+
杩欎簺鐗╄川閮芥湁绌鸿建閬擄紝鍙互缁撳悎瀛ゅ鐢靛瓙锛屾槸
Lewis
閰搞�?/p>
锛?/p>
2
锛?/p>
Lewis
纰?/p>
x
锛?
锛?/p>
RO
锛?
锛?/p>
HS
锛?
锛?/p>
NH
2
锛?/p>
RNH
2
锛?/p>
ROH
锛?/p>
RSH
杩欎簺鐗╄川閮芥湁澶氫簬鐨勫瀵圭數瀛愶紝鏄?/p>
Lewis
纰便�?/p>
1-3
瑙ｏ細
纭師瀛愪釜鏁?/p>
n=
5734
3.4%
6.08
32..07
飩?/p>
飥?/p>
1-4
瑙ｏ細
鐢茶兒銆佷簩鐢茶兒鍜屼笁鐢茶兒閮借兘涓庢按褰㈡垚姘㈤敭锛岄兘鑳芥憾浜庢按銆?/p>
缁煎悎鑰冭檻鐑峰熀鐨勭枏姘翠綔鐢紝浠ュ強鑳藉舰鎴愭阿閿殑鏁扮洰锛?/p>
N
鍘熷瓙涓?/p>
H
瓒婂锛屽舰鎴愮殑姘㈤敭鏁扮洰瓒婂锛?/p>
锛屼互鍙婄┖闂翠綅闃伙紝涓夎�呯殑婧惰В鎬уぇ灏忎负锛?/p>
CH
3
NH
2
>(
CH
3
)
2
NH
>(
CH
3
)
3
N
1-5
瑙ｏ細
327
51.4%
14
12.0
C
n
飩?/p>
飥?
飥?/p>
锛?/p>
327
4.3%
14
1.0
H
n
飩?/p>
飥?/p>
飥?/p>
锛?
327
12.8%
3
14.0
N
n
飩?/p>
飥?/p>
飥?/p>
锛?/p>
327
9.8%
1
32.0
S
n
飩?/p>
飥?/p>
飥?/p>
锛?/p>
327
14.7%
3
16.0
O
n
飩?/p>
飥?/p>
飥?/p>
锛?/p>
327
7.0%
1
23.0
Na
n
飩?/p>
飥?/p>
飥?/p>
鐢插熀姗欑殑瀹為獙璇曪細
C
14
H
14
N
3
SO
3
Na
1-6
瑙ｏ細
CO
2
锛?/p>
5.7mg
H
2
O
锛?/p>
2.9mg
绗簩绔?/p>
鏈夋満鍖栧悎鐗╃殑鍒嗙被鍜屽懡鍚?/p>
2-1
瑙ｏ細