銆婇鍝佽川閲忕鐞嗗銆嬪涔犻
绗竴绔?/p>
椋熷搧璐ㄩ噺绠＄悊姒傝堪
1
锛?/p>
缇庡浗璐ㄩ噺绠＄悊涓撳鍝堟灄椤?/p>
(H.J.Harrington)
璇达紝杩欎笉鏄竴鍦轰娇鐢ㄦ灙鐐殑鎴樹簤锛岃�屾槸涓�鍦?
鍟嗕笟鎴樹簤锛屾垬浜変腑鐨勪富瑕佹鍣ㄥ氨鏄骇鍝佽川閲忋�?/p>
锛?/p>
1
锛?/p>
鈥滆繖涓嶆槸涓�鍦轰娇鐢ㄦ灙鐐殑鎴樹簤锛?/p>
鑰屾槸涓�鍦哄晢涓氭垬浜夛紝
鎴樹簤涓殑涓昏姝﹀櫒灏辨槸浜у搧璐ㄩ噺銆?/p>
鈥?/p>
杩欏彞鏄庤█鏄摢浣嶈川閲忎笓瀹惰鐨勶紵
A
銆佹埓鏄?/p>
B
銆佹湵鍏?/p>
C
銆佺煶宸濈，
D
銆佸搱鏋楅】
锛?/p>
2
锛夌編鍥借川閲忕鐞嗕笓瀹跺搱鏋楅】
(H.J.Harrington)
璇达紝杩欎笉鏄竴鍦轰娇鐢ㄦ灙鐐殑鎴樹簤锛岃�屾槸涓�
鍦哄晢涓氭垬浜夛紝鎴樹簤涓殑涓昏姝﹀櫒灏辨槸锛堬級
銆?/p>
A
銆佷骇鍝佽川閲?/p>
B
銆佷骇鍝佹暟閲?/p>
C
銆佷骇鍝佷环鏍?/p>
D
銆佷骇鍝佸悕绉?/p>
2
锛?/p>
椋熷搧鏄緵浜轰滑椋熺敤鎴栭ギ鐢ㄧ殑鎴愬搧鍜屽師鏂欙紝鍖呮嫭浼犵粺涓婃棦鏄鍝佸張鏄嵂鍝佺殑鐗╄川锛屼絾涓嶅寘
鎷互娌荤枟涓虹洰鐨勭殑鐗╄川銆?/p>
锛?/p>
1
锛変笅闈㈠洓涓骇鍝佷笉鏄鍝佺殑鏄紙锛?/p>
A
銆佹按鏋滅綈澶?/p>
B
銆佺伀鑵胯偁
C
銆佷汉鍙?/p>
D
銆佸北妤?/p>
锛?/p>
2
锛変笅闈㈠洓涓骇鍝佹槸椋熷搧鐨勬槸锛堬級
A
銆侀鑿?/p>
B
銆佷汉鍙?/p>
C
銆?/p>
楣胯尭
D
銆佺尨澶?/p>
3
锛庨鍝佸叡鏈夌殑鐗规�э細鏃犳瘨鏃犲銆佽惀鍏汇�佸叿鏈変竴瀹氳壊銆侀銆佸懗銆?/p>
锛?/p>
1
锛夐鍝佺殑鍏辨湁鐗规�ф湁鍝簺锛?/p>
锛?/p>
2
锛変笅闈笉鏄鍝佺殑鍏辨湁鐗规�х殑鏄細
A
銆佺‖搴?/p>
B
銆?/p>
瀹夊叏
C
銆佽惀鍏?/p>
D
銆佸叿鏈夐鍛?/p>
锛?/p>
3
锛変笅闈㈡槸椋熷搧鍏辨湁鐗规�х殑鏄紙锛?/p>
A
銆?/p>
澶у皬
B
銆?/p>
閲嶉噺
C
銆佺‖搴?/p>
D
銆佽惀鍏?/p>
4
锛庤川閲忔槸涓�缁勫浐鏈夌壒鎬ф弧瓒宠姹傜殑绋嬪害
锛?/p>
1
锛変粈涔堟槸璐ㄩ噺锛?/p>
锛?/p>
2
锛夎川閲忎腑鐨勮姹傚寘鎷紙锛?/p>
A
銆佹槑绀虹殑
B
銆?/p>
闅愬惈鐨?/p>
C
銆佸饱琛岀殑
D
銆佷互涓婇兘涓嶆槸
锛?/p>
3
锛夌壒鎬у垎涓猴紙锛?/p>
A
銆?/p>
鍥烘湁鐨?/p>
B
銆佽祴浜堢殑
C
銆?/p>
鍐呭湪鐨?/p>
D
銆佸鍦ㄧ殑
锛?/p>
4
锛夌壒鎬у垎涓哄浐鏈夌壒鎬у拰璧嬩簣鐗规�э紝涓嬮潰鍝簺鏄浐鏈夌壒鎬э紙锛?/p>
A
銆侀鍝佺殑钀ュ吇
B
銆侀浮铔嬩腑铔嬬櫧璐?/p>
C
銆佹姹佺殑姗欒壊
D
銆侀鍝佺殑浠锋牸
锛?/p>
5
锛夌壒鎬у垎涓哄浐鏈夌壒鎬у拰璧嬩簣鐗规�э紝涓嬮潰鍝簺鏄祴浜堢殑鐗规�?/p>
A
銆佽繍杈撴俯搴?/p>
B
銆?/p>
鍐疯棌娓╁害
C
銆佷骇鍝佷环鏍?/p>
D
銆侀鍝佺殑钀ュ吇
5
锛庘�滆川閲忊�濆叿鏈夊箍涔夋�с�佹椂鏁堟�у拰鐩稿鎬х殑鐗圭偣銆?/p>
锛?/p>
1
锛夎川閲忕殑鐗圭偣鍖呮嫭
A
銆佸箍涔夋�?/p>
B
銆佹椂鏁堟�?/p>
C
銆佺浉瀵规�?/p>
D
銆佷互涓婇兘涓嶅
锛?/p>
2
锛夌敱浜庣粍缁囩殑椤惧鍜屽叾浠栫浉鍏虫柟瀵圭粍缁囧拰浜у搧銆佽繃绋嬪拰璐ㄩ噺绠＄悊浣撶郴鐨勯渶姹傚拰鏈熸湜鏄笉
鏂彉鍖栧拰鎻愰珮鐨勶紝杩欐槸鈥滆川閲忊�濈殑锛?/p>
锛夌壒鐐广�?/p>
A
骞夸箟鎬?/p>
B
銆佹椂鏁堟�?/p>
C
銆佺浉瀵规�?/p>
D
銆佷互涓婇兘涓嶅
锛?/p>
3
锛夐【瀹㈢殑闇�姹備笉鍚岋紝瀵硅川閲忕殑瑕佹眰涔熶笉鍚岋紝杩欐槸鈥滆川閲忊�濈殑锛?/p>
锛夌壒鐐广�?/p>
A
骞夸箟鎬?/p>
B
銆佹椂鏁堟�?/p>
C
銆佺浉瀵规�?/p>
D
銆佷互涓婇兘涓嶅
锛?/p>
4
锛?/p>
璐ㄩ噺涓嶄粎鏄寚浜у搧璐ㄩ噺
锛?/p>
杩樻寚宸ヤ綔璐ㄩ噺銆?/p>
閮ㄩ棬璐ㄩ噺銆?/p>
浜虹殑璐ㄩ噺銆?/p>
浣撶郴璐ㄩ噺銆?/p>
鍏徃璐ㄩ噺銆?/p>
鏂归拡璐ㄩ噺绛夛紝杩欐槸鈥滆川閲忊�濈殑锛?/p>
锛夌壒鐐广�?/p>
A
骞夸箟鎬?/p>
B
銆佹椂鏁堟�?/p>
C
銆佺浉瀵规�?/p>
D
銆佷互涓婇兘涓嶅
6
锛庡鈥滅鍚堟�ц川閲忊�濈殑鐞嗚В鍝簺鏄纭湴锛?/p>