绗簩绔?/p>
鐑冨拰鍗や唬鐑?/p>
涓�銆佸嚑绫婚噸瑕佺儍鐨勪唬琛ㄧ墿姣旇緝
鐑风儍
鐑儍
鐐旂儍
閫氬紡
C
n
H
2
n
锛?/p>
2
(
n
鈮?/p>
1)
C
n
H
2
n
(
n
鈮?/p>
2)
C
n
H
2
n
锛?/p>
2
(
n
鈮?/p>
2)
浠ｈ〃鐗?/p>
CH
4
缁撴瀯鐗圭偣
鍏ㄩ儴鍗曢敭锛?/p>
楗卞拰閾剧儍锛?/p>
姝ｅ洓闈綋缁撴瀯
鍚⒊纰冲弻閿紱
涓嶉ケ鍜岄摼
鐑冿紱骞抽潰褰㈠垎瀛愶紝閿
120掳
鍚⒊纰充笁閿紱
涓嶉ケ鍜岄摼
鐑冿紱鐩寸嚎褰㈠垎瀛愶紝閿
180掳
鍖?/p>
瀛?/p>
鎬?/p>
璐?/p>
鍙栦唬
鍙嶅簲
鍏夌収锛屽崵浠?/p>
鍔犳垚
鍙嶅簲
鑳戒笌
H
2
銆?/p>
X
2
銆?/p>
HX
銆?/p>
H
2
O
銆?/p>
HCN
绛夊彂鐢熷姞鎴愬弽搴?/p>
姘у寲
鍙嶅簲
鐕冪儳鐏劙杈冩槑浜?/p>
鐕冪儳鐏劙鏄庝寒甯﹂粦鐑?/p>
鐕冪儳鐏劙鏄庝寒锛?/p>
甯︽祿榛?
鐑?/p>
涓嶄笌閰告�?/p>
KMnO
4
婧舵恫
鍙嶅簲
閰告�?/p>
KMnO
4
婧舵恫瑜壊
閰告�?/p>
KMnO
4
婧舵恫瑜壊
鍔犺仛
鍙嶅簲
涓嶈兘鍙戠敓
鑳藉彂鐢?/p>
鑳藉彂鐢?/p>
閴村埆
婧存按涓嶈お鑹诧紱閰告�?/p>
KMnO
4
婧舵恫涓嶈お鑹?/p>
婧存按瑜壊锛涢吀鎬?/p>
KMnO
4
婧舵恫瑜壊
2.
鐗╃悊鎬ц川
锛?/p>
1
锛?/p>
鐘舵�侊細
甯告俯涓嬪惈鏈?/p>
1
锝?/p>
4
涓⒊鍘熷瓙鐨勭儍涓烘皵鎬佺儍锛?/p>
闅忕⒊鍘熷瓙鏁扮殑澧炲锛?/p>
閫愭笎杩囨浮鍒版恫鎬併�?/p>
鍥烘�併�?/p>
锛?/p>
2
锛?/p>
娌哥偣锛?/p>
鈶犵⒊鍘熷瓙鏁扮殑澧炲锛?/p>
娌哥偣閫愭笎鍗囬珮銆?/p>
鈶″悓鍒嗗紓鏋勪綋涔嬮棿锛?/p>
鏀摼瓒婂锛?/p>
娌哥偣瓒婁綆銆?/p>
锛?/p>
3
锛夊湪姘翠腑鐨勬憾瑙ｆ�э細鍧囬毦婧朵簬姘淬�?/p>
3
銆佸寲瀛︽�ц川
锛?/p>
1
锛夌敳鐑?/p>
鍖栧鎬ц川鐩稿綋绋冲畾锛岃窡寮洪吀銆佸己纰辨垨寮烘哀鍖栧墏锛堝
KMnO
4
锛夌瓑涓�鑸?/p>
涓嶈捣鍙嶅簲
銆?/p>
鈶?/p>
鍖栧弽搴?/p>
鐢茬兎鍦ㄧ┖姘斾腑瀹夐潤鐨勭噧鐑э紝鐏劙鐨勯鑹蹭负娣¤摑鑹层�?/p>
CH
4
锛?/p>
g
锛?/p>
+2O
2
锛?/p>
g
锛?/p>
CO
2
锛?/p>
g
锛?/p>
+2H
2
O
锛?/p>
l
锛?/p>
鈶″彇浠ｅ弽搴旓細锛?/p>
娉ㄦ剰锛氭潯浠朵负鍏夌収
锛?/p>
绗竴姝ワ細
CH
4
+Cl
2
CH
3
Cl+HCl
绗簩姝ワ細
CH
3
Cl+ Cl
2
CH
2
Cl
2
+HCl
绗笁姝ワ細
CH
2
Cl
2
+ Cl
2
CHCl
3
+HCl
绗洓姝ワ細
CHCl
3
+Cl
2
CCl
4
+HCl
甯告俯涓嬶紝鍙湁
CH
3
Cl
鏄皵鎬侊紝鍏朵綑鍧囦负娑叉�侊紝
CHCl
3
淇楃О姘豢锛?/p>
CCl
4
鍙堝彨鍥涙隘鍖栫⒊
鍐嶅锛?/p>
CH
3
CH
3
锛?/p>
Cl
2
鈥?/p>
鈥?/p>
鈫?/p>
鍏夌収
CH
3
CH
2
Cl
锛?/p>
HCl
锛?/p>
2
锛変箼鐑?/p>
鈶犲姞鎴愬弽搴?/p>
涓庡崵绱犲崟璐?/p>
Br
2
鍔犳垚
锛?/p>
CH
2
锛?/p>
CH
2
锛?/p>
Br
2
鈫?/p>
CH
2
Br
鈥?/p>
CH
2
Br
涓?/p>
H
2
鍔犳垚锛?/p>
CH
2
锛?/p>
CH
2
锛?/p>
H
2
CH
3
鈥?/p>
CH
3
涓庡崵鍖栨阿鍔犳垚锛?/p>
CH
2
锛?/p>
CH
2
锛?/p>
HX
鈫?/p>
CH
3
鈥?/p>
CH
2
X
涓庢按鍔犳垚
锛?/p>
CH
2
锛?/p>
CH
2
锛?/p>
H
2
O
CH
3
CH
2
OH
锛堝伐涓氬埗涔欓唶鐨勬柟娉曪級
鈶℃哀鍖栧弽搴?/p>
甯告俯涓嬭姘у寲锛屽灏嗕箼鐑�氬叆閰告�ч珮閿伴吀閽炬憾娑诧紝婧舵恫鐨勭传鑹茶お鍘汇�?/p>
鍌寲鍓?/p>
鈻?/p>
飩?/p>
飩?
飩?/p>
飩?/p>
鍌寲鍓?