楂樹腑鍖栧鏂圭▼寮忔�荤粨锛堢浜岄儴鍒嗭級
锛岀浜屸�?/p>
1
椤碉紝鍏?/p>
13
椤?/p>
楂樹腑鏈夋満鍖栧鏂圭▼寮忔�荤粨
涓�銆佺儍
1.
鐢茬兎
鐑风儍閫氬紡锛?/p>
C
n
H
2
n
-2
锛?/p>
1
锛夋哀鍖栧弽搴?/p>
鐢茬兎鐨勭噧鐑э細
CH
4
+2O
2
CO
2
+2H
2
O
鐢茬兎涓嶅彲浣块吀鎬ч珮閿伴吀閽炬憾娑插強婧存按瑜壊銆?/p>
锛?/p>
2
锛夊彇浠ｅ弽搴?/p>
涓�姘敳鐑凤細
CH
4
+Cl
2
CH
3
Cl+HCl
浜屾隘鐢茬兎锛?/p>
CH
3
Cl+Cl
2
CH
2
Cl
2
+HCl
涓夋隘鐢茬兎锛?/p>
CH
2
Cl
2
+Cl
2
CHCl
3
+HCl
锛?/p>
CHCl
3
鍙堝彨姘豢锛?/p>
鍥涙隘鍖栫⒊锛?/p>
CHCl
3
+Cl
2
CCl
4
+HCl
2.
涔欑儻
涔欑儻鐨勫埗鍙栵細
CH
3
CH
2
OH
H
2
C=CH
2
鈫?/p>
+H
2
O
鐑儍閫氬紡锛?/p>
C
n
H
2
n
锛?/p>
1
锛夋哀鍖栧弽搴?/p>
涔欑儻鐨勭噧鐑э細
H
2
C=CH
2
+3O
2
2CO
2
+2H
2
O
涔欑儻鍙互浣块吀鎬ч珮閿伴吀閽炬憾娑茶お鑹诧紝鍙戠敓姘у寲鍙嶅簲銆?/p>
锛?/p>
2
锛夊姞鎴愬弽搴?/p>
涓庢捍姘村姞鎴愶細
H
2
C=CH
2
+Br
2
CH
2
Br
鈥?/p>
CH
2
Br
涓庢阿姘斿姞鎴愶細
H
2
C=CH
2
+H
2
CH
3
CH
3
涓庢隘鍖栨阿鍔犳垚锛?/p>
H
2
C=CH
2
+HCl
CH
3
CH
2
Cl
涓庢按鍔犳垚锛?/p>
H
2
C=CH
2
+H
2
O
CH
3
CH
2
OH
锛?/p>
3
锛夎仛鍚堝弽搴?/p>
涔欑儻鍔犺仛锛岀敓鎴愯仛涔欑儻锛?/p>
n
H
2
C=CH
2
n
3.
涔欑倲
涔欑倲鐨勫埗鍙栵細
CaC
2
+2H
2
O
HC
飩?/p>
CH
鈫?/p>
+Ca(OH)
2
锛?/p>
1
锛夋哀鍖栧弽搴?/p>
涔欑倲鐨勭噧鐑э細
HC
飩?/p>
CH+5O
2
4CO
2
+2H
2
O
涔欑倲鍙互浣块吀鎬ч珮閿伴吀閽炬憾娑茶お鑹诧紝鍙戠敓姘у寲鍙嶅簲銆?/p>
锛?/p>
2
锛夊姞鎴愬弽搴?/p>
涓庢捍姘村姞鎴愶細
HC
飩?/p>
CH+Br
2
HC=CH
Br
CHBr=CHBr+Br
2
CHBr
2
鈥?/p>
CHBr
2
涓庢阿姘斿姞鎴愶細
HC
飩?/p>
CH+H
2
H
2
C=CH
2
涓庢隘鍖栨阿鍔犳垚锛?/p>
HC
飩?/p>
CH+HCl
CH
2
=CHCl
锛?/p>
3
锛夎仛鍚堝弽搴?/p>
姘箼鐑姞鑱氾紝寰楀埌鑱氭隘涔欑儻锛?/p>
n
CH
2
=CHCl
n
涔欑倲鍔犺仛锛屽緱鍒拌仛涔欑倲锛?/p>
n
HC
飩?/p>
CH
n
4.
鑻?/p>
鑻殑鍚岀郴鐗╅�氬紡锛?/p>
C
n
H
2n-6
锛?/p>
1
锛夋哀鍖栧弽搴?/p>
鑻殑鐕冪儳锛?/p>
2C
6
H
6
+15O
2
12CO
2
+6H
2
O
鑻笉鑳戒娇婧存按鍜岄吀鎬ч珮閿伴吀閽炬憾娑茶お鑹层�?/p>
锛?/p>
2
锛夊彇浠ｅ弽搴?/p>
鐐圭噧
鍏?/p>
鍏?/p>
鍏?/p>
鍏?/p>
娴撶～閰?/p>
170
鈩?/p>
楂樻俯
鍌?
鍖栧墏
鈻?/p>
涓�瀹氭潯浠?/p>
CH
2
锛?/p>
CH
2
鍥?/p>
1
涔欑儻鐨勫埗鍙?/p>
鐐圭噧
鍥?/p>
2
涔欑倲鐨勫埗鍙?/p>
鍌寲鍓?/p>
鈻?/p>
Br
涓�瀹氭潯浠?/p>
CH
2
鈥?/p>
CH
Cl
涓�瀹氭潯浠?/p>
CH=CH
鐐圭噧