2018
骞翠腑鑰冩帹鏂
1
锛堝崄鍫帮級
A-F
鏄垵涓寲瀛﹀父瑙佺殑鐗╄川
,
宸茬煡锛?/p>
A
銆?/p>
B
銆?/p>
C
銆?/p>
D
銆?/p>
E
鏄簲绉嶄笉鍚岀被鍒殑鐗╄川
,A
鏄?/p>
绌?/p>
姘?/p>
涓?/p>
鍚?/p>
鏈?/p>
鐨?/p>
涓�
绉?/p>
姘?/p>
浣?/p>
锛?/p>
E
鏄湴
澹?/p>
涓?/p>
鍚?/p>
閲?/p>
鏈�
澶?/p>
鐨?/p>
閲?/p>
灞?/p>
鍏?/p>
绱?/p>
缁?/p>
鎴?/p>
鐨?/p>
鍗?/p>
璐?/p>
锛?/p>
F
涓?/p>
鍚?/p>
鍏?/p>
绱?/p>
鐨?/p>
璐?/p>
閲?/p>
姣?/p>
涓?/p>
2:1:2
锛屽叚
绉?/p>
鐗?/p>
璐?/p>
涔?/p>
闂?/p>
鐨?/p>
鍙?/p>
搴?/p>
涓?/p>
杞?/p>
鍖?/p>
鍏?/p>
绯?/p>
鍧?/p>
涓?/p>
鍒?/p>
涓?/p>
鍖?/p>
瀛?/p>
甯?/p>
瑙?/p>
鐨?/p>
鍖?/p>
瀛?/p>
鍙?/p>
搴?/p>
锛?/p>
鍥?/p>
涓?/p>
鈥?/p>
锕?/p>
鈥?/p>
琛?/p>
绀?/p>
鐩?/p>
杩?/p>
鐨?/p>
鐗?/p>
璐?/p>
鑳?/p>
鐩?/p>
浜?/p>
鍙?/p>
搴?/p>
锛?/p>
鈥?/p>
鈫?/p>
鈥?/p>
琛?/p>
绀?/p>
涓�
绉?/p>
鐗?/p>
璐?/p>
鍙?/p>
浠?/p>
杞?/p>
鍖?/p>
涓?/p>
鍙?/p>
涓�
绉?/p>
鐗?/p>
璐紙
閮?/p>
鍒?/p>
鍙?/p>
搴?/p>
鐗?/p>
銆佺敓
鎴?/p>
鐗?/p>
鍙?/p>
鍙?/p>
搴?/p>
鏉?/p>
浠?/p>
宸?/p>
鐣?/p>
鍘?/p>
锛?/p>
璇?/p>
鍥?/p>
绛?/p>
涓?/p>
鍒?/p>
闂?/p>
棰?/p>
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
1
锛?/p>
E
鐗╄川鐨勫寲瀛﹀紡
Al
锛?/p>
2
锛?/p>
A
鍜?/p>
C
鍙嶅簲鐨勫寲瀛︽柟绋嬪紡
锛?/p>
3
锛?/p>
E
鍜?/p>
F
鍙嶅簲鐨勫寲瀛︽柟绋嬪紡
锛?/p>
4
锛変笂鍥炬墍鏈夌殑鍖栧鍙嶅簲涓秹鍙婂埌鐨勫熀鏈弽搴旂被鍨嬫湁
绉?/p>
2
锛堝搱灏旀花
)
鍙冲浘涓?/p>
A
銆?/p>
B
銆?/p>
C
銆?/p>
D
銆?/p>
E
銆?/p>
F
鍒嗗埆琛ㄧず鍒濅腑鍖栧甯歌鐨勫叚绉嶇墿璐紝
B
銆?/p>
C
銆?/p>
D
銆?/p>
F
鍒嗗埆
灞炰簬閰搞�佺⒈銆佺洂銆佹哀鍖栫墿鍥涚绫诲埆涓殑涓�绉嶏紝
A
鏄洰鍓嶆彁鍙栭噺鏈�澶х殑閲戝睘锛?/p>
B
鐢变袱绉嶅厓绱犵粍
鎴愶紝
C
鏄ぇ鐞嗙煶鐨勪富瑕佹垚鍒嗐�?/p>
锛堝浘涓敤鈥溾�斺�濊〃绀轰袱绉嶇墿璐ㄤ箣闂磋兘鍙戠敓鍖栧鍙嶅簲锛岀敤鈥溾啋鈥?/p>
鎴栤�?/p>
鈥濊〃绀轰竴绉嶇墿璐ㄨ兘杞寲涓哄彟涓�绉嶇墿璐紝閮ㄥ垎鍙嶅簲鐗╁拰鐢熸垚鐗╁強鍙嶅簲鏉′欢宸茬暐鍘伙紝鍥?/p>
涓儴鍒嗗弽搴旈渶瑕佸湪婧舵恫涓繘琛岋紝鐗╄川鏄憾娑茬殑鍙�冭檻婧惰川锛?/p>
銆傝鍥炵瓟涓嬪垪闂銆?/p>
(1)
鍒嗗埆鍐欏嚭
A
銆?/p>
C
銆?/p>
E
銆?/p>
F
鐗╄川鐨勫寲瀛﹀紡
A C E F
銆?/p>
(2)
鍐?/p>
鍑?/p>
B
涓?/p>
C
鍙?/p>
鐢?/p>
鍙?/p>
搴?/p>
鐨?/p>
鍖?/p>
瀛?/p>
鏂?/p>
绋?/p>
寮?/p>
銆?/p>
(3)
鍐?/p>
鍑?/p>
杩?/p>
閲?/p>
A
鐨?/p>
绮?/p>
鏈?/p>
涓?/p>
B
鍙?/p>
鐢?/p>
鍙?/p>
搴?/p>
鐨?/p>
瀹?/p>
楠?/p>
鐜?/p>
璞?/p>
銆?/p>
瑙ｆ瀽銆?/p>
A
鏄洰鍓嶆彁鍙栭噺鏈�澶х殑閲戝睘锛?/p>
A
鏄?/p>
Fe
锛?/p>
C
鏄ぇ鐞嗙煶鐨勪富瑕佹垚
鍒嗭紝
C
鏄?/p>
CaCO3
銆?/p>
B
鐢变袱绉嶅厓绱犵粍鎴愶紝
鏃㈣兘涓庨搧鍙嶅簲锛?/p>
鍙堣兘涓?/p>
CaCO3
鍙嶅簲锛?/p>
鍒?/p>
B
鏄?/p>
HCl
锛?/p>
CaCO3
E
锛孊鈫扙锛?/p>
B
銆?/p>
C
銆?/p>
D
銆?/p>
E
鍒嗗埆灞炰簬閰搞�佺⒈銆佺洂銆佹哀鍖栫墿鍥涚绫诲埆涓殑涓�绉嶏紝
C
鏄洂锛?/p>
B
鏄吀锛?/p>
鍒?/p>
E
鏄?/p>
CO2
锛?/p>
D
鏄?/p>
Ca(OH)2
锛?/p>
F
鏄?/p>
C
銆?/p>
(1)A
鏄?/p>
Fe
锛?/p>
C
鏄?/p>
CaCO3
锛?/p>
E
鏄?/p>
CO2
锛?/p>
F
鏄?/p>
C
銆?/p>
(2)HCl
涓?/p>
CaCO3
鍙?/p>
鐢?/p>
鍙?/p>
搴?/p>
鐨?/p>
鍖?/p>
瀛?/p>
鏂?/p>
绋?/p>
寮?/p>
锛?/p>
CaCO3+2HCl===CaCl2+H2O+CO2鈫?/p>
銆?/p>
(3)Fe
+2HCl==
FeCl2+H2鈫戯紝鍚簹閾佺瀛愮殑婧舵恫鏄祬缁胯壊锛屾墍浠ヨ繃閲?/p>
Fe
鐨勭矇鏈笌
HCl
鍙戠敓鍙嶅簲鐨勫疄楠岀幇璞?/p>
鏄紝榛戣壊鍥轰綋鍑忓皯涓嶆秷澶憋紝婧舵恫鐢辨棤鑹插彉鎴愭祬缁胯壊锛屽浐浣撹〃闈㈡湁姘旀场鍐掑嚭銆?/p>
3
锛堟繁鍦筹級
.
涓嬪浘涓?/p>
A~G
锛堝垵涓父瑙佺墿璐級鐨勮浆鍖栧叧绯伙紝鍏朵腑
A
鏄ぉ鐒舵皵鐨勪富瑕佹垚鍒嗐�?/p>
鏍规嵁浠ヤ笂淇℃伅鍥炵瓟涓嬪垪闂锛?/p>
锛?/p>
1
锛夊啓鍑?/p>
A
鐨勫寲瀛﹀紡锛?/p>
锛屽叾甯歌鐢ㄩ�斾负
锛堜换鍐欎竴鏉★級
銆?/p>
锛?/p>
2
锛夊弽搴斺憼鐨勭幇璞′负
銆?/p>
锛?/p>
3
锛夊啓鍑哄弽搴斺憽鐨勫寲瀛︽柟绋嬪紡
锛岃鍙嶅簲灞炰簬
鍙嶅簲
锛堝～鍩烘湰鍙嶅簲绫诲瀷锛?/p>
銆?/p>
锛?/p>
4
锛夊啓鍑哄弽搴斺憿鐨勫寲瀛︽柟绋嬪紡
銆?/p>
锛?/p>
5
锛?/p>
Na
2
O
涓?/p>
CaO
鐨勫寲瀛︽�ц川鐩镐技锛屼笅鍒楃墿璐ㄤ腑
锛堝～鏍囧彿锛夎兘涓?/p>
Na
2
O
鍙戠敓鍖?/p>
瀛﹀弽搴斻�?/p>
a.
Mg b.N
2
c.
绋�鐩愰吀
d.NaCl
鍥轰綋
4
锛堟鏋楋級鐢层�佷箼銆佷笝銆佷竵銆佹垔鏄垵涓寲瀛﹀父瑙佺殑鐗╄川锛屽垎鍒敱
C
銆?/p>
H
銆?/p>
O
涓殑涓�绉嶆垨鍑犵鍏?/p>
绱犵粍鎴愩�?/p>
杩欎簺鐗╄川涔嬮棿鐨勮浆鍖栧叧绯诲鍙充笅鍥炬墍绀?/p>
锛?/p>
鈥溾啋鈥?/p>
琛ㄧず鏌愪竴鐗╄川杞寲涓哄彟涓�鐗╄川锛?/p>
鈥溾�斺�?/p>
琛ㄧず杩炴帴涓ょ墿璐ㄤ箣闂磋兘鍙嶅簲锛?/p>
閮ㄥ垎鍙嶅簲鐗┿�?/p>
鐢熸垚鐗╁強鍙嶅簲鏉′欢宸茬暐鍘伙級
銆?/p>
锛?/p>
1
锛夎嫢涓佽兘浣垮甫鐏槦鏈ㄦ潯澶嶇噧锛屽垯鍙嶅簲涓欌啋涔欑殑鍩烘湰鍙嶅簲绫诲瀷鏄?/p>
______________
锛?/p>
鍙?/p>
搴?/p>
涓?/p>
鈥?/p>
鎴?/p>
鐨?/p>
鍖?/p>
瀛?/p>
鏂?/p>
绋?/p>
寮?/p>
鏄?/p>
___________________________________
銆?/p>