鍙屾寚绀哄墏娉曟祴瀹氭贩鍚堢⒈鏍风殑鍚�閲� - 鐧惧害鏂囧簱

棣栭〉

搴撳簱AI

骞垮満

鍘嗗彶

鏀惰棌

浜戠洏

鐭ヨ瘑搴?/div>

 

1 

鍙屾寚绀哄墏娉曟祴瀹氭贩鍚堢⒈鏍风殑鍚�閲�

 

2.1

瀹為獙鍘熺悊

 

 

 

 

 

娣峰悎纰辨槸

Na

2

CO

3 

涓?/p>

NaOH 

鎴?/p>

 

Na

2

CO

3

涓?/p>

NaHCO

3

鐨勬贩鍚堢墿銆?/p>

鍙�閲囩敤鍙屾寚绀哄墏娉曡繘琛屽垎鏋愶�?/p>

娴嬪畾

鍚勭粍鍒嗙殑鍚�閲忋�?/p>

 

 

 

 

 

鍦ㄦ贩鍚堢⒈鐨勮瘯娑蹭腑鍔犲叆閰氶厼鎸囩ず鍓傜敤

HCL

鏍囧噯婧舵恫婊村畾鑷虫憾娑插憟寰�绾㈣壊銆傛�ゆ椂璇曟恫涓�鎵�鍚?/p>

NaOH 

瀹屽叏琚�涓�鍜屻�?/p>

Na

2

CO

3

涔熻��婊村畾鎴?/p>

NaHCO

3

銆傛�ゆ椂鏄�绗�涓�涓�鍖栧�﹁�￠噺鐐�

,PH=8.31

鍙嶅簲鏂圭▼寮忓��

涓嬶細

 

NaOH+HCl=NaCl+H

2

O 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Na

2

CO

3

+HCl=NaHCO

3

+NaCl

 

 

 

 

 

璁炬淮瀹氫綋绉?/p>

V

1

ml

锛?/p>

鍐嶅姞鍏ョ敳鍩烘�欐寚绀哄墏锛�

缁х画鐢?/p>

HCl

鏍囧噯婧舵恫婊村畾鑷虫憾娑茬敱榛勮壊鍙樹负姗欒壊鍗充负

缁堢偣锛屾�ゆ�?/p>

NaHCO

3

琚�涓�鍜屾垚

H

2

CO

3

锛屾�ゆ椂鏄�绗�浜屼釜鍖栧�﹁�￠噺鐐癸�?/p>

PH=3.88 

鍙嶅簲鏂圭▼寮忓�備笅锛�

 

NaHCO

3

+HCl=NaCl+H

2

O+CO

2

 

 

 

 

 

璁炬�ゆ椂娑堣�?/p>

HCl

鏍囧噯婧舵恫鐨勪綋绉�涓�

V

2 

ml 

鏍规嵁

V

1

鍜?/p>

V

2

鍙�浠ュ垽鏂�鍑烘贩鍚堢⒈鐨勭粍鎴愩�?/p>

 

 

 

 

 

褰?/p>

V

1

>V

2

鏃讹紝璇曟恫涓?/p>

Na

2

CO

3 

涓?/p>

NaOH

鐨勬贩鍚堢墿銆?/p>

 

 

 

 

 

褰?/p>

V

1

<V

2

鏃讹紝璇曟恫涓?/p>

Na

2

CO

3

涓?/p>

NaHCO

3

鐨勬贩鍚堢墿銆?/p>

 

2.1

瀹為獙璇曞墏

 

 

 

 

 

 

閰氶厼锛?/p>

1

锛呴厷閰炵殑閰掔簿婧舵恫锛屾憾瑙?/p>

1

g

閰氶厼浜?/p>

90ml

涔欓唶鍙?/p>

10ml

姘翠腑锛?/p>

锛涚敳鍩烘�欙�?/p>

0.1

锛呯敳鍩烘��

鐨勬按婧舵恫锛屾憾瑙?/p>

1

g

鐢插熀姗欎簬

1000ml

鐑�姘翠腑锛�

锛?/p>

Na

2

CO

3

鍩哄噯鐗╄川锛涙贩鍚堢⒈

 

锛?/p>

HCl

锛?/p>

12

 

mol/L

锛?/p>

 

2.2

瀹為獙姝ラ��

 

2.2.1 

 

0.1mol/L HCl 

鏍囧噯婧舵恫鐨勯厤鍒?/p>

 

 

 

 

 

 

閲忓彇

4.5ml HCl (12mol/L),

鍊掑叆

500ml

鐑ф澂涓�锛屽姞鍏�

300ml

钂搁�忔按鎽囧寑鍐嶇█閲婅嚦

500ml,

绉诲叆璇曞墏

鐡朵腑锛岀户缁�鎽囧寑锛岃创涓婃爣绛惧緟鏍囧畾銆?/p>

 

2.2.2 

 

0.1mol/L HCl

婧舵恫娴撳害鐨勬爣瀹?/p>

 

鍦ㄥ垎鏋愬ぉ骞充笂鍑嗙‘绉板彇鍩哄噯鐗?/p>

Na

2

CO

3

 0.15~0.2g

浜庨敟褰㈢摱涓�锛屽�?/p>

25ml

姘翠娇鍏舵憾瑙ｃ�傚姞鐢插熀姗欐寚绀?/p>

鍓?/p>

2

婊淬�傜敤寰呮爣瀹氱殑

HCl

婊村畾鑷虫憾娑茬敱榛勮壊鍙樹负姗欓粍鑹插嵆涓烘寚绀虹粓鐐广�?/p>

锛堣繎缁堢偣鏃跺墽鐑堟憞鍔�锛屾垨鍔�

鐑�鑷虫哺锛�

浣?/p>

CO

2

鍒嗚В锛?/p>

璁颁笅娑堣�楁憾娑茬殑浣撶Н锛?/p>

璁＄畻

HCl

鏍囧噯婧舵恫鐨勫噯纭�娴撳�?/p>

C

HCl

璁＄畻鍏�寮忓�備笅锛?/p>

 

(

鍙?/p>

鍋氫竴浠界┖鐧藉疄楠岋紝鏁版嵁瑙佽〃涓�

)

 

3

10

2

3

2

3

2

飥?/p>

飩?/p>

飥?

HCl

CO

Na

CO

Na

HCl

V

M

mC

C

 

 

 

2.2.3 

娣峰悎纰辨牱鐨勬祴瀹?/p>

 

鍦ㄥ垎鏋愬ぉ骞充笂鍑嗙‘绉板彇

0.15~0.2g

浜庨敟褰㈢摱涓�锛屽姞鍏ュ皯閲忔按浣垮叾婧惰В锛屽畾閲忚浆绉昏�?/p>

500ml

鐨勫�归噺鐡�

涓�锛屽姞姘寸█閲婅嚦鍒诲害绾匡紝鎽囧寑銆傜敤

25.00ml

绉绘恫绠＄Щ鍙?/p>

25.00ml

婧舵恫浜庨敟褰㈢摱涓�锛屽�?/p>

2~3

婊撮厷閰烇紝

浠?/p>

HCl

鏍囧噯婧舵恫婊村畾鑷崇孩鑹插彉寰�绾㈣壊锛屼负绗�涓�缁堢偣锛岃�颁�?/p>

HCl

鏍囧噯婧舵恫浣撶Н

V

1

锛屽啀鍔犲叆

2

婊寸敳鍩?/p>

姗欙紝缁х画鐢?/p>

HCl

鏍囧噯婧舵恫婊村畾锛屾恫浣撶敱榛勮壊鎭板彉姗欒壊锛屼负绗�浜岀粓鐐癸紝璁颁�?/p>

HCl

鏍囧噯婧舵恫浣撶Н

V

2

銆傚钩

琛屾祴瀹氫笁娆°�?/p>

鏍规嵁

V

1 

锛?/p>

V

2

鐨勫ぇ灏忓垽鏂�娣峰悎鐗╃殑缁勬垚锛屽苟璁＄畻鍚勭粍鍒嗙殑鍚�閲忥紝

璁＄畻鍏�寮忓�備笅

:(

鍙﹀仛涓�

浠界┖鐧藉疄楠岋紝鏁版嵁瑙佽〃浜岋紝婊村畾鏇茬嚎瑙佸浘涓�

)

 

褰?/p>

V

1

>

V

2

鏃讹紝璇曟恫涓?/p>

NaOH

鍜?/p>

Na

2

CO

3

鐨勬贩鍚堢墿锛?/p>

NaOH

鍜?/p>

Na

2

CO

3

鐨勫惈閲忥紙浠ヨ川閲忔祿搴?/p>

g路L

锛?

1

琛ㄧず锛?/p>

鍙�鐢变笅寮忚�＄畻锛?/p>

 

%

100

1000

)

(

%

2

1

m

M

V

V

C

NaOH

NaOH

飥?/p>

飥?

锛?/p>

 

 

 

 

 

 

%

100

1000

2

1

2

%

3

2

2

3

2

m

M

V

C

CO

Na

CO

Na

飩?

飩?/p>

飥?