1
鍏�佸厓绱犲強鍏跺寲鍚堢墿甯歌�冪偣褰掔撼
(
涓�
)
鍏稿瀷鐗╄川鐨勬�ц川褰掔撼
1
锛?/p>
閽?/p>
(1)Na
鍙互鍜屽惈缇熷熀鐨勫寲鍚堢墿鍙嶅簲浜х敓姘㈡皵
(
姘淬�侀唶銆侀厷銆佺晶閰搞�佸惈姘ч吀
)
锛屾敞鎰忛挔涓庣洂婧舵恫鐨?/p>
鍙嶅簲鏈川銆?/p>
(2)Na
2
O
2
涓槾闃崇瀛愪釜鏁版瘮涓?/p>
1
鈭?/p>
2
锛?/p>
Na
2
O
2
鍏锋湁寮烘哀鍖栨�?/p>
(
婕傜櫧鎬?/p>
)
锛?/p>
Na
2
O
2
鍜?/p>
CO
2
銆?/p>
H
2
O
鍙嶅簲
杩囩▼涓棦浣滄哀鍖栧墏鍙堜綔杩樺師鍓傦紝娉ㄦ剰涓?/p>
SO
2
鍙嶅簲涓嶈兘绠�鍗曠被姣斾笌
CO
2
鐨勫弽搴斻�?/p>
(3)NaHCO
3
鏃㈣兘涓庡己閰稿弽搴斿張鑳戒笌寮虹⒈鍙嶅簲锛?/p>
楗卞拰
Na
2
CO
3
閫氬叆
CO
2
鎴栧姞鍏ユ棤姘?/p>
Na
2
CO
3
閮戒細
鏈夊浐浣撴瀽鍑猴紝浣嗕骇鐗╀笉鍚岋紝鍓嶈�呬负
NaHCO
3
锛屽悗鑰呬负
Na
2
CO
3
鏅朵綋锛?/p>
Na
2
CO
3
涓庣洂閰镐簰婊存椂鐜?/p>
璞′笉鍚屻�?/p>
2
锛?/p>
閾?/p>
(1)
閾濇棦鑳芥憾浜庣洂閰稿張鑳芥憾浜庣儳纰憋紝鍙嶅簲鐨勬湰璐ㄧ浉浼硷紝閮芥槸閾濊姘у寲涓猴紜
3
浠凤紝杩樺師浜х墿閮芥槸
H
2
锛岄摑鐨勬哀鍖栦骇鐗╀笉鍚岋紝鐗瑰埆瑕佹敞鎰忛摑涓庢阿姘у寲閽犳按婧舵恫鐨勫弽搴斾骇鐗╂槸
NaAlO
2
銆?/p>
(2)
閾濈儹鍙嶅簲寮曞彂鏉′欢鏄珮娓╁強闀佹潯銆佹隘閰搁捑鐨勪綔鐢ㄣ�?/p>
(3)Al(OH)
3
鐨勪袱鎬цВ閲婂強鍋忛摑閰哥洂鐨勬按瑙ｏ細
AlO
锛?/p>
2
锛?/p>
H
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
H
2
O
顖ヮ垿
Al(OH)
3
顖ヮ垿
Al
3
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
3OH
锛?
銆?/p>
(4)AlCl
3
銆?/p>
Al
2
(SO
4
)
3
銆?/p>
NaAlO
2
婧舵恫钂稿共鐏肩儳鐨勪骇鐗╁垎鏋愩�佸瓨鍦ㄧ殑
pH
鏉′欢
(Al
3
锛?
鍙兘瀛樺湪浜庨吀
鎬ф憾娑蹭腑锛?/p>
AlO
锛?
2
鍙兘瀛樺湪浜庣⒈鎬ф憾娑蹭腑
)
銆?/p>
(5)
鏄庣熅鍑�姘翠綔鐢ㄧ殑瑙ｉ噴銆?/p>
(6)
姘у寲閾濋櫠鐡?/p>
(
浜洪�犲垰鐜?/p>
)
鏄竴绉嶉珮娓╃粨鏋勬潗鏂欙紝鍙綔楂樼骇鑰愮伀鏉愭枡銆佸垰鐜夌悆纾ㄦ満绛夛紝
Al
2
O
3
涔熸槸绾㈠疂鐭?/p>
(
鍚摤鍖栧悎鐗?/p>
)
銆佽摑瀹濈煶
(
鍚挍锛?/p>
4
浠枫�侀搧锛?/p>
2
浠风殑鍖栧悎鐗?/p>
)
鐨勪富瑕佹垚鍒嗐�?/p>
3
锛?/p>
閾?/p>
(1)Fe
鍜屼竴瀹氶噺娴撶～閰?/p>
(
鍔犵儹
)
銆佺█纭濋吀鍙嶅簲浜х墿鍒嗘瀽锛氶吀杩囬噺鐢熸垚
Fe
3
锛?/p>
锛岄搧杩囬噺鐢熸垚
Fe
2
锛?
锛屽湪
涓�瀹氳寖鍥村唴
Fe
3
锛?/p>
鍜?/p>
Fe
2
锛?
鍙兘鍚屾椂瀛樺湪銆?/p>
(2)Fe
鐢垫瀬
鈥斺�?/p>
閾佺殑鑵愯殌
(
鍚告哀鑵愯殌銆佹瀽姘㈣厫铓�
)
锛涚數瑙ｆ睜涓綔闃虫瀬鏃朵竴鑸敓鎴愶紜
2
浠烽搧銆?/p>
(3)
鍚?/p>
Fe
2
锛?/p>
鍖栧悎鐗╂瀬鏄撹姘у寲
鈥斺�?/p>
淇濆瓨鍦ㄦ棤姘ф皼鍥淬�佸彲鐢ㄤ綔鑴辨哀鍓傦紱涓?/p>
HNO
3
銆?/p>
ClO
锛?/p>
銆?/p>
MnO
锛?
4
銆?/p>
姘按绛夊洜鍙戠敓姘у寲杩樺師鍙嶅簲鑰屼笉鑳藉ぇ閲忓叡瀛樸�?/p>
(4)
閾佺洂鍦ㄦ按婧舵恫涓瀬鏄撴按瑙ｇ殑搴旂敤銆佸叿鏈夎緝寮烘哀鍖栨�э細鈶犱笌
I
锛?/p>
銆?/p>
S
2
锛?
銆?/p>
HI
銆?/p>
H
2
S
鍥犲彂鐢熸哀鍖?
杩樺師鍙嶅簲鑰屼笉鑳藉ぇ閲忓叡瀛橈紱鈶′笌
HCO
锛?/p>
3
銆?/p>
ClO
锛?/p>
銆?/p>
AlO
锛?
2
鍥犲彂鐢熷弻姘磋В鍙嶅簲鑰屼笉鑳藉ぇ閲忓叡瀛橈紱鈶?/p>
鑳借厫铓�
Cu
銆?/p>
Fe
鍗曡川銆?/p>
(5)FeBr
2
婧舵恫鎴?/p>
FeI
2
婧舵恫涓�氬叆涓�瀹氶噺
Cl
2
鏃剁殑鍙嶅簲浜х墿銆?/p>
4
锛?/p>
纰冲拰纭?/p>
(1)
纰冲拰纭呮槗褰㈡垚鍏变环閿紝纰冲崟璐ㄥ瓨鍦ㄥ悓绱犲紓褰㈢幇璞°�?/p>
(2)
鑷劧鐣屼腑鏃犳父绂绘�佺殑纭咃紝鍏冪礌纭呬富瑕佷互
SiO
2
(
姘存櫠銆佺煶鑻便�佺帥鐟欑殑涓昏鎴愬垎
)
鍜岀閰哥洂鐨勫舰
寮忓瓨鍦紝纭呭崟璐ㄦ槸鑹ソ鐨勫崐瀵间綋鏉愭枡锛屽厜瀵肩氦缁寸殑涓昏鎴愬垎鏄?/p>
SiO
2
銆?/p>
(3)
浠庘�滄矙婊╁埌鐢ㄦ埛鈥濇秹鍙婁笁涓寲瀛︽柟绋嬪紡锛?/p>
SiO
2
锛?/p>
2C=====
楂樻俯
2CO
鈫戯紜
Si(
绮楃
)
Si
锛?/p>
2Cl
2
=====
鈻?
SiCl
4
(
钂搁鎻愮函
)
SiCl
4
锛?/p>
2H
2
=====
楂樻俯
Si
锛?/p>
4HCl
(4)
纭呰兌
(
m
SiO
2
路
n
H
2
O)
鏄竴绉嶈壇濂界殑鏃犳瘨骞茬嚗鍓傘�?/p>