缁濆瘑
鈽?/p>
鍚敤鍓?/p>
2018
骞?/p>
11
鏈堟禉姹熺渷鏅�氶珮鏍℃嫑鐢熼�夎�冪鐩�冭瘯
鍖栧浠跨湡妯℃嫙璇曢
A
鑰冪敓椤荤煡锛?/p>
1
锛庢湰璇曢鍗峰垎閫夋嫨棰樺拰闈為�夋嫨棰樹袱閮ㄥ垎锛屽叡
8
椤碉紝婊″垎
100
鍒嗭紝鑰冭瘯鏃堕棿
90
鍒嗛挓銆傚叾涓姞璇?/p>
棰橀儴鍒嗕负
30
鍒嗭紝鐢ㄣ�愬姞璇曢銆戞爣鍑恒�?/p>
2
锛庤�冪敓绛旈鍓嶏紝鍔″繀灏嗚嚜宸辩殑濮撳悕銆佸噯鑰冭瘉鍙风敤榛戣壊瀛楄抗鐨勭瀛楃瑪鎴栭挗绗斿～鍐欏湪绛旈绾镐笂銆?/p>
3
锛庨�夋嫨棰樼殑绛旀椤荤敤
2B
閾呯瑪灏嗙瓟棰樼焊涓婂搴旈鐩殑绛旀鏍囧彿娑傞粦锛屽瑕佹敼鍔紝椤诲皢鍘熷～娑傚鐢?/p>
姗＄毊鎿﹀噣銆?/p>
4
锛庨潪閫夋嫨棰樼殑绛旀椤荤敤榛戣壊瀛楄抗鐨勭瀛楃瑪鎴栭挗绗斿啓鍦ㄧ瓟棰樼焊涓婄浉搴斿尯鍩熷唴锛屼綔鍥炬椂鍙厛浣跨敤
2B
閾呯瑪锛岀‘瀹氬悗椤荤敤榛戣壊瀛楄抗鐨勭瀛楃瑪鎴栭挗绗旀弿榛戯紝绛旀鍐欏湪鏈瘯棰樺嵎涓婃棤鏁堛�?/p>
5
锛庡彲鑳界敤鍒扮殑鐩稿鍘熷瓙璐ㄩ噺锛?/p>
H 1
C 12
N 14
O 16
K 39
Ca 40
Mn 55
Fe 56
Cu 64
Ba 137
閫夋嫨棰橀儴鍒?/p>
涓�銆侀�夋嫨棰?/p>
(
鏈ぇ棰樺叡
25
灏忛锛屾瘡灏忛
2
鍒嗭紝鍏?/p>
50
鍒嗐�傛瘡灏忛鍒楀嚭鐨勫洓涓閫夐」涓彧鏈変竴涓槸绗﹀悎
棰樼洰瑕佹眰鐨勶紝涓嶉�夈�佸閫夈�侀敊閫夊潎涓嶅緱鍒?/p>
)
1
锛庝笅鍒楀寲瀛﹀紡鍙〃绀轰竴绉嶇函鍑�鐗╃殑鏄?/p>
A
锛?/p>
C
B
锛?/p>
NaCl
C
锛?/p>
C
4
H
10
D
锛?/p>
C
2
H
6
O
2
锛庝笅鍒椾华鍣ㄥ悕绉颁负
鈥?/p>
鍧╁煔
鈥?/p>
鐨勬槸
3
锛庝笅鍒楀睘浜庣數瑙ｈ川鐨勬槸
A
锛庤憽钀勭硸
B
锛庡共鍐?/p>
C
锛庣洂閰?/p>
D
锛庨唻閰?/p>
4
锛庝笅鍒楀睘浜庢偓娴婃恫鐨勬槸
A
锛庣閰?/p>
B
锛庢按鐜荤拑
C
锛庣煶鐏颁钩
D
锛庨噸鏅剁煶
5
锛庡綋浠婁笘鐣屼笂浣跨敤鏈�澶氱殑鑳芥簮鏄?/p>
A
锛庡お闃宠兘
B
锛庣數鑳?/p>
C
锛庡寲鐭宠兘婧?/p>
D
锛庢按鑳?/p>
6
锛庝笅鍒楄娉曢敊璇殑鏄?/p>
A
锛庣鑳跺彲闃叉椋熺墿鍙楁疆鏄敱浜庡叾鍏锋湁鍚告按鎬?/p>
B
锛庨晛銆侀摑閮借兘涓庢阿姘у寲閽犳憾娑插弽搴?/p>
C
锛?/p>
Na
2
CO
3
鍙敤浣滈鐢ㄧ⒈锛?/p>
Na
2
CO
3
婧舵恫鏄剧⒈鎬?/p>
D
锛庨吀鎬ч噸閾吀閽剧敤浜庢鏌ラ厭椹炬槸鍒╃敤鍏跺己姘у寲鎬?/p>
7
锛庝笅鍒楄〃绀烘纭殑鏄?/p>
A
锛?/p>
S
2
鈭?/p>
鐨勭粨鏋勭ず鎰忓浘锛?
B
锛庣緹鍩虹殑鐢靛瓙寮忥細
C
锛庝箼鐐旂殑缁撴瀯寮忥細
D
锛?/p>
涓欑兎鍒嗗瓙鐨勭悆妫嶆ā鍨嬶細
8
锛庝笅鍒楀弽搴斾腑鏃㈠睘浜庡寲鍚堝弽搴旓紝鍙堝睘浜庢哀鍖栬繕鍘熷弽搴旂殑鏄?/p>
A
锛?/p>
CaO+SiO
2
CaSiO
3
B
锛?/p>
2H
2
O
2
2H
2
O+O
2
鈫?/p>
C
锛?/p>
4Fe(OH)
2
+O
2
+2H
2
O
4Fe(OH)
3
D
锛?/p>
Fe+CuSO
4
FeSO
4
+Cu
9
锛庝笅鍒楃墿璐ㄤ笌姘翠綔鐢ㄦ垨婧朵簬姘村悗鎵�寰楃殑婧舵恫涓嶈兘浣块厷閰炲彉绾㈢殑鏄?/p>
A
锛庨挔
B
锛庢哀鍖栭挋
C
锛庨厭绮?/p>
D
锛庢皑姘?/p>
10
锛庝笅鍒楅壌鍒墿璐ㄧ殑鏂规硶涓嶅悎鐞嗙殑鏄?/p>
A
锛庣敤鐕冪潃鐨勬湪鏉￠壌鍒?/p>
CO
鍜?/p>
H
2
B
锛庣敤鐩愰吀閴村埆
Na
2
CO
3
婧舵恫鍜?/p>
NaHCO
3
婧舵恫
C
锛庣敤
AgNO
3
婧舵恫閴村埆姘ㄦ按鍜?/p>
NaOH
婧舵恫
D
锛庝笉鐢ㄤ换浣曡瘯鍓傚氨鑳介壌鍒?/p>
Ba(OH)
2
婧舵恫銆?/p>
KHCO
3
婧舵恫銆?/p>
HCl
婧舵恫
11
锛庝笅鍒楄娉曚笉姝ｇ‘鐨勬槸
A
锛?/p>
12
C
涓?/p>
14
C
涓轰笉鍚岀殑鏍哥礌
B
锛庣煶澧ㄥ拰
C
60
浜掍负鍚岀礌寮傚舰浣?/p>
C
锛?/p>
CH
3
COOCH
2
CH
3
鍜?/p>
CH
3
CH
2
CH
2
COOH
浜掍负鍚屽垎寮傛瀯浣?/p>
D
锛?/p>
CH
4
鍜?/p>
CH
3
Cl
浜掍负鍚岀郴鐗?/p>
12
锛庝笅鍒楃瀛愭柟绋嬪紡涔﹀啓姝ｇ‘鐨勬槸
A
锛庡悜
NaAlO
2
婧舵恫涓淮鍔?/p>
NaHCO
3
婧舵恫锛?/p>
2
AlO
飥?/p>
+
3
HCO
飥?
+H
2
O
Al(OH)
3
鈫?
2
3
CO
飥?
B
锛庡皢
NO
2
姘斾綋閫氬叆
NaOH
婧舵恫涓細
3NO
2
+2OH
鈭?
2
3
NO
飥?
+NO+H
2
O
C
锛?/p>
BrCl
鍜?/p>
Cl
2
鐨勫寲瀛︽�ц川鐩镐技锛?/p>
灏?/p>
BrCl
閫氬叆
KOH
婧舵恫涓細
BrCl+2OH
鈭?/p>
Br
鈭?/p>
+ClO
鈭?/p>
+H
2
O
D
锛庡悜
FeSO
4
婧舵恫涓淮鍔犲弻姘ф按锛?/p>
2Fe
2+
+2H
2
O
2
2Fe
3+
+O
2
鈫?2H
2
O
13
锛庣煭鍛ㄦ湡鍏冪礌
X
銆?/p>
Y
銆?/p>
Z
銆?/p>
W
銆?/p>
Q
鍦ㄥ厓绱犲懆鏈熻〃涓殑鐩稿浣嶇疆濡傚浘鎵�绀恒�備笅鍒楄娉曟纭殑鏄?/p>
A
锛庡師瀛愬崐寰?/p>
Y<Z<W
B
锛庡厓绱?/p>
Y
鐨勬渶楂樻鍖栧悎浠锋瘮鍏冪礌
X
鐨勬渶楂樻鍖栧悎浠烽珮
C
锛庡厓绱?/p>
W
鐨勬渶楂樹环姘у寲鐗╁搴旂殑姘村寲鐗╃殑閰告�ф瘮
Q
鐨勫急
D
锛庡厓绱?/p>
X
鐨勬皵鎬佹阿鍖栫墿鐨勭ǔ瀹氭�уぇ浜庡厓绱?/p>
Y
鐨勬皵鎬佹阿鍖栫墿鐨勭ǔ瀹氭�?/p>
14
锛庝笅鍒楄娉曚笉姝ｇ‘鐨勬槸
A
锛庤嫰鍜屾按閮芥槸鏃犺壊娑蹭綋锛屼袱鑰呮贩鍚堟椂鏃犳硶閫氳繃鍒嗘恫鐨勬柟娉曡繘琛屽垎绂?/p>
B
锛庝笉鑳介�氳繃閰告�ч珮閿伴吀閽炬憾娑查櫎鍘讳箼鐑蜂腑鐨勪箼鐑?/p>
C
锛庝箼鐑峰湪鍏夌収鏉′欢涓嬩笌姘皵鍙嶅簲锛屼細鐢熸垚澶氱鍗や唬鐑?/p>
D
锛庨�氳繃鐓ょ殑骞查鍙互寰楀埌鐒︾偔
15
锛庝笅鍒楄娉曟纭殑鏄?/p>
A
锛庢皑鍩洪吀涓洪珮鍒嗗瓙鍖栧悎鐗╋紝绉嶇被杈冨锛屽垎瀛愪腑閮藉惈鏈?/p>
鈥?/p>
COOH
鍜?/p>
鈥?/p>
NH
2
B
锛庤劚鑴傛銆佹护绾搞�佽殨涓濈殑涓昏鎴愬垎鍧囦负绾ょ淮绱狅紝瀹屽叏姘磋В鍧囪兘寰楀埌钁¤悇绯?/p>
C
锛庢补鑴傛槸楂樼骇鑴傝偑閰哥敇娌归叝锛屽湪鐑殑
NaOH
婧舵恫涓畬鍏ㄦ按瑙ｅ悗娣峰悎娑蹭笉鍒嗗眰
D
锛庡湪娣�绮夋按瑙ｆ恫涓姞鍏ユ阿姘у寲閽狅紝鍐嶅姞鍏ョ姘达紝婧舵恫鏈彉钃濓紝璇存槑娣�绮夊凡瀹屽叏姘磋В
16
锛?/p>
姹借溅灏炬皵涓殑姘哀鍖栫墿涓昏鏉ヨ嚜鍙戝姩鏈哄伐浣滄椂姘皵鍜屾哀姘旂殑鍖栧悎锛?/p>
鍙嶅簲涓?/p>
N
2
(g)+O
2
(g)
2NO(g)
螖
H
=+180 kJ路
mol
鈭?/p>
1
銆?/p>
鍦?/p>
2 000 K
鏉′欢涓嬶紝
鍚?/p>
10 L
瀵嗛棴瀹瑰櫒涓厖鍏?/p>
N
2
銆?/p>
O
2
鍚?/p>
1 mol
鍙戠敓涓婅堪鍙嶅簲锛?/p>
鐩稿叧鐗╄川鐨勪綋绉垎鏁伴殢鏃堕棿鐨勫彉鍖栨儏鍐靛琛ㄦ墍绀恒�?/p>
姝?
鍗?
鍙?/p>
瑁?/p>
璁?
涓?/p>
瀵?/p>
灏?/p>
鐝?/p>
绾?/p>
濮?/p>
鍚?/p>
鍑?/p>
鑰?/p>
璇?/p>
鍙?/p>
鑰?/p>
鍦?/p>
鍙?/p>
搴?/p>
浣?/p>
鍙?/p>