1
绗竴绔?/p>
鍖栧鍙嶅簲鍘熺悊
1
锛庝粖鏈変竴瀵嗛棴绯荤粺锛屽綋杩囩▼鐨勫缁堟�佺‘瀹氫互鍚庯紝涓嬪垪鍚勯」鏄惁鏈夌‘瀹氬�硷紵
Q
,
W
,
Q
-
W
,
Q
+
W
,
螖
H
,
螖
G
绛旓細
Q
+
W
,
螖
H
,
螖
G
鏈夌‘瀹氬�硷紝
Q
,
W
,
Q
-
W
鏃犵‘瀹氬�笺�?/p>
2
锛庝笅鍒楀悇绗﹀彿鍒嗗埆琛ㄧず浠�涔堟剰涔夛紵
H
锛屛?/p>
H
锛屛?/p>
H
胃
锛屛?/p>
f
胃
298
H
(
B
),
胃
298
S
(
B
),
螖
f
胃
298
G
(
B
)
绛旓細
H
锛氱創锛浳?/p>
H
锛氱創鍙橈紱螖
H
胃
锛氭爣鍑嗙創鍙橈紱螖
f
胃
298
H
(
B
)
锛?/p>
298K
鏃?/p>
B
鐗╄川鐨勬爣鍑嗙敓
鎴愮創锛?/p>
胃
298
S
(
B
)
锛?/p>
298K
鏃?/p>
B
鐗╄川鐨勬爣鍑嗙喌锛?/p>
螖
f
胃
298
G
(
B
)
锛?/p>
298K
鏃?/p>
B
鐗╄川鐨勬爣鍑嗙敓鎴愬悏
甯冩柉鍑芥暟銆?/p>
3.
涓嬪垪鍙嶅簲鐨?/p>
Q
p
鍜?/p>
Q
V
鏈夊尯鍒悧锛?/p>
锛?/p>
1
锛?/p>
2H
2
(g)+O
2
(g)=2H
2
O(g)
锛?/p>
2
锛?/p>
NH
4
HS(s)
锛?/p>
NH
3
(g)+H
2
S(g)
锛?/p>
3
锛?/p>
C(s)+O
2
(g)=CO
2
(g)
锛?/p>
4
锛?/p>
CO(g)+H
2
O(g)=CO
2
(g)+H
2
(g)
绛旓細
锛?/p>
1
锛?/p>
銆?/p>
锛?/p>
2
锛夋湁鍖哄埆銆?/p>
4.
宸茬煡涓嬪垪鐑寲瀛︽柟绋嬪紡锛?/p>
锛?/p>
1
锛?/p>
Fe
2
O
3
(s)+3CO(g)=2Fe(s)+3CO
2
(g)
锛浳?/p>
胃
298
H
=-27.6kJ/mol
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
2
锛?/p>
3Fe
2
O
3
(s)+CO(g)=2Fe
3
O
4
(s)+CO
2
(g)
锛浳?/p>
胃
298
H
=-58.6kJ/mol
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
3
锛?/p>
Fe
3
O
4
(s)+CO(g)=3FeO(s)+CO
2
(g)
锛浳?/p>
胃
298
H
=38.1kJ/mol
锛?/p>
涓嶇敤鏌ヨ〃锛岃绠椾笅鍒楀弽搴旂殑螖
胃
298
H
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
4
锛?/p>
FeO(s)+CO=Fe(s)+CO
2
(g)
瑙ｏ細
[
锛?/p>
1
锛壝?/p>
3
鈥旓紙
2
锛夆�旓紙
3
锛壝?/p>
2]/6=
锛?/p>
4
锛?/p>
螖
胃
298
H
锛?/p>
4
锛?/p>
=[
锛?/p>
-27.6
锛壝?/p>
3
鈥旓紙
-58.6
锛夆�?/p>
38.1
脳
2]/6=
鈥?/p>
16.72
锛?/p>
kJ/mol
锛?/p>
5.
鏌ヨ〃璁＄畻涓嬪垪鍙嶅簲鐨勎?/p>
胃
298
H
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
1
锛?/p>
Fe
3
O
4
(s)+4H
2
(g)=3Fe(s)+4H
2
O(g)
锛?/p>
2
锛?/p>
4NH
3
(g)+5O
2
(g)=4NO(g)+6H
2
O(l)
锛?/p>
3
锛?/p>
CO(g)+H
2
O(g)=CO
2
(g)+H
2
(g)
锛?/p>
4
锛?/p>
S(s)+O
2
(g)=SO
2
(g)
瑙ｏ細
锛?/p>
1
锛?/p>
Fe
3
O
4
(s)
+
4H
2
(g)
=
3Fe(s)
+
4H
2
O(g)
螖
f
胃
298
H
鈥?/p>
1118.4
0
0
鈥?/p>
241.82
螖
胃
298
H
=4
脳锛堚�?/p>
241.82
锛?/p>
+1118.4=151.12
锛?/p>
kJ/mol
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
2
锛?/p>
4NH
3
(g)
+
5O
2
(g)
=
4NO(g)
+
6H
2
O(l)
螖
f
胃
298
H
鈥?/p>
46.11
0
90.25
鈥?/p>
285.83
螖
胃
298
H
=6
脳锛堚�?/p>
285.83
锛?/p>
+4
脳
90.25+4
脳
46.11=
鈥?/p>
1169.54
锛?/p>
kJ/mol
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
3
锛?/p>
CO(g)
+
H
2
O(g)
=
CO
2
(g)
+
H
2
(g)
螖
f
胃
298
H
鈥?/p>
110.52
鈥?/p>
241.82
鈥?/p>
393.5
0