1
绗簩璁?/p>
绂诲瓙鍙嶅簲
涓�銆佺瀛愬弽搴?/p>
1 .
瀹氫箟
锛氭湁绂诲瓙鍙傚姞鎴栨湁绂诲瓙鐢熸垚鐨勫弽搴?/p>
2.
绂诲瓙鍙嶅簲鍙戠敓鐨勬潯浠?/p>
閰搞�佺⒈銆佺洂鍦ㄦ按婧舵恫涓彂鐢熺殑澶嶅垎瑙ｅ弽搴旓紝瀹炶川涓婂氨鏄袱绉嶇數瑙ｈ川鍦?/p>
婧舵恫涓浉浜掍氦鎹㈢瀛愮殑鍙嶅簲銆?/p>
杩欑被绂诲瓙鍙嶅簲鍙戠敓鐨勬潯浠舵槸锛?/p>
瀹忚涓婃湁娌夋穩銆?/p>
姘斾綋銆佹按鍜屽急閰搞�佸急纰辩敓鎴愶紱寰涓婁娇鍙嶅簲鐗╃瀛愭祿搴﹀噺灏戙�?/p>
3.
绂诲瓙鍙嶅簲鏂圭▼寮忕殑鍐欐硶
锛?/p>
1
锛夋媶锛氬皢寮洪吀銆佸己纰便�佸彲婧剁洂鎷嗘垚绂诲瓙锛屽叾浠栫被鐗╄川鍐欏寲瀛﹀紡銆?/p>
锛?/p>
2
锛夊垹锛氬垹鍘绘病鏈夊弬鍔犲弽搴旂殑绂诲瓙锛屽啓鍑虹瀛愭柟绋嬪紡銆?/p>
锛?/p>
3
锛夋煡锛氭鏌ョ瀛愭柟绋嬪紡鍚勫厓绱犲師瀛愭垨绂诲瓙涓暟鍙婇槾闃崇瀛愭墍甯︽璐熺數
鑽锋暟鏄惁鐩哥瓑锛堢數鑽峰畧鎭掞級
銆?/p>
渚嬪锛氬啓鍑?/p>
CaCO
3
涓庣█鐩愰吀鍙嶅簲鐨勭瀛愭柟绋嬪紡锛?/p>
锛?/p>
1
锛夋媶锛?/p>
CaCO
3
闅炬憾浜庢按锛屼笉鑳芥媶鎴愮瀛愶紱
HCl
鏄己閰革紝鎷嗘垚
H
+
鍜?/p>
Cl
-
銆?/p>
锛?/p>
2
锛夊垹锛氬垹鍘绘湭鍙傚姞鍙嶅簲鐨?/p>
Cl
-
銆傜瀛愭柟绋嬪紡涓猴細
锛?/p>
3
锛夋煡锛氭鏌ュ悇鍏冪礌鍘熷瓙銆佺瀛愪釜鏁扮浉绛夛紝涓旂數鑽峰畧鎭掋�?/p>
涔﹀啓绂诲瓙鏂圭▼寮忕殑娉ㄦ剰浜嬮」
锛?/p>
1
锛変袱涓畧鎭掞細
鍜?/p>
锛?/p>
2
锛夊皧閲嶄簨瀹烇細
2Ag+2H
+
=H
2
+2Ag
+
涓嶇鍚堜簨瀹烇紙
Ag
涓嶈兘缃崲閰镐腑鐨勬阿锛?/p>
锛屾墍
浠ヨ櫧鐒舵弧瓒充袱涓畧鎭掞紝渚濈劧涓嶅銆?/p>
锛?/p>
3
锛夋媶鍒嗗師鍒欙細涓昏鐪嬬墿璐ㄥ湪姘翠腑鐨勪富瑕佺殑瀛樺湪褰㈠紡鍙媶锛?/p>
寮洪吀锛?/p>
HCl
銆?/p>
H
2
SO
4
銆?/p>
HNO
3
寮虹⒈锛?/p>
KOH
銆?/p>
NaOH
銆?/p>
Ca(OH)
2
銆?/p>
Ba(OH)
2
鍙憾鎬х洂锛氶捑銆侀挔銆侀摰銆佺鍧囧彲婧讹紝纭吀涓嶆憾鏈夐挕閾呫�佺⒊閰稿彧婧堕捑閽?
閾点�傚叿浣撳唴瀹瑰彲浠ュ弬鐓ф憾瑙ｆ�ц〃銆?/p>
锛?/p>
4
锛夌害鍒嗗師鍒欙細鍙湁鎵�鏈夊井绮掑墠闈㈤兘鏈夋渶灏忓叕绾︽暟鐨勬椂鍊欐墠鍙互绾﹀垎
锛?/p>
5
锛夐噺鐨勫叧绯伙細鏈変簺绂诲瓙鍙嶅簲锛屽弽搴旂墿鐨勯噺涓嶅悓锛屼骇鐗╀笉鍚岋紝鎵�浠ヨ娉?/p>
鎰忛骞叉墍缁欑殑閲忋�?/p>
4.
绂诲瓙鏂圭▼寮忕殑鎰忎箟
鍖栧鏂圭▼寮忓彧琛ㄧず鏌愪竴涓叿浣撳弽搴旓紝
鑰岀瀛愭柟绋嬪紡琛ㄧず鐨勬槸鏌愪竴绫诲弽
搴旓紝骞朵笖瀹冨彧鍐欏弬涓庡弽搴旂殑绂诲瓙锛屾洿鑳戒綋鐜板弽搴旀湰璐ㄣ�?/p>
灏忕粨锛氬垽鏂瀛愭柟绋嬪紡涔﹀啓鏄惁姝ｇ‘
1
锛庝簨瀹?/p>
2
锛庢媶鍒?/p>
3
锛庡畧鎭?/p>
4
锛庨厤姣?/p>
5
锛?/p>
鈥?/p>
=
鈫撯啈鈥?/p>
銆佸弽搴旀潯浠舵槸鍚︽纭�侀綈鍏?/p>
鍒ゆ柇涓嬪垪鍙嶅簲鏄惁姝ｇ‘
1
锛庢阿姘у寲閾佽兌浣撶殑鍒跺锛?/p>
Fe
3+
+ 3H
2
O ==Fe(OH)
3
(
鑳朵綋
) + 3H
+