瑗挎柟绀句細瀛︾悊璁?/p>
瀵艰█
涓�銆佸涔犮�婅タ鏂圭ぞ浼氬鐞嗚銆嬬殑鐩殑
閫氳繃瀛︿範绀句細瀛﹀彂灞曞彶涓婂悇涓�濇兂鍚嶅鐨勭爺绌舵柟娉曞拰绀句細鐞嗚锛?/p>
鍦ㄨ嚜瑙夋ā浠?/p>
鍜屽疄璺电殑鍩虹涓婏紝褰㈡垚鑷繁鐪嬪緟绀句細鐜拌薄鍜岀ぞ浼氶棶棰樼殑鎬濈淮鏂瑰紡鍜岀悊璁鸿瑙掋�?/p>
浜屻�佺ぞ浼氬鍙戝睍鍙?/p>
锛堜竴锛夊彜鍏哥ぞ浼氬鐞嗚锛?/p>
classical sociological theory
锛夛細澶х害浠?/p>
19
涓栫邯
30
骞翠唬鍒?/p>
20
涓栫邯
20
骞翠唬锛屾槸绀句細瀛︾殑璇炵敓鍜屽舰鎴愭椂鏈燂紝涓昏鐗瑰緛鏄細
1
锛庣ぞ浼氬鍙戝睍鐨勯噸蹇冨湪瑗挎锛屼絾
20
涓栫邯鍒濆凡缁忓紑濮嬭浆鍚戠編鍥斤細瀛斿痉锛?/p>
Comte
锛?/p>
娉曞浗浜猴級锛涙柉瀹惧锛?/p>
Spencer
锛岃嫳鍥戒汉锛夛紱婊曞凹鏂紙
Tonneis
锛屽痉鍥戒汉锛夛紱娑傚皵骞?/p>
锛?/p>
Durkheim
锛屾硶鍥戒汉锛夛紱闊︿集锛?/p>
Webber
锛屽痉鍥戒汉锛夛紱椹厠鎬濓紙
Marx
锛屽痉鍥戒汉锛夈�?/p>
甯曠疮鎵橈紙
Pareto
锛屾剰澶у埄浜猴級锛涢綈缇庡皵锛?/p>
Simmel
锛屽痉鍥戒汉锛夛紱鏇兼捣濮嗭紙
Mannheim
锛?/p>
鍖堢墮鍒╀汉锛夈�傜ぞ浼氬鍙戝睍閲嶅績鐢辫タ娆ц浆鍚戠編鍥芥椂鏈熺殑浠ｈ〃浜虹墿鏈夛細鍑″媰浼?
锛?/p>
Veblen
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
搴撳埄
锛?/p>
Cooley
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
甯曞厠
锛?/p>
Park
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
绫冲痉
锛?/p>
Mead
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
鎵橀┈鏂?/p>
锛?/p>
Thomas
锛?/p>
.
2
锛庝娇绀句細瀛︿粠鍏朵粬瀛︾涓嫭绔嬪嚭鏉ワ紝灏ゅ叾鏄粠鍝插涓嫭绔嬪嚭鏉ワ紝纭珛浜嗙嫭鐗圭殑
瀛︾鍦颁綅锛屼富瑕佽〃鐜颁负鏈変簡鑷繁鐨勭嫭鐗圭殑鐮旂┒瀵硅薄鍜岀爺绌舵柟娉曘�?/p>
绀句細瀛︿骇鐢熺殑鏍囧織涔熸湁涓ょ鎰忚銆?/p>
涓�绉嶄互绀句細鐮旂┒鏂规硶鐨勮浆鍚戜负鏍囧織锛?/p>
姣斿
Garner
灏辫涓虹ぞ浼氬璧锋簮浜庨┈鍩洪泤缁村埄锛?/p>
Machiavelli
锛夌殑銆婂悰涓昏銆嬶紙
the
Prince
锛夛紝
until the renaissance, most books upheld general notions of
normative
behavior,
were
non-empirical,
and
did
not
observe,
describe
and
analyze
the
actual
human
behavior.
Machiavelli
included
into
his
book
all
the violent, fierce, savage, coercive, and even compassionate acts that
the ruler implement in order to stay in power. The prince is based on
reality-the observations of real people, not just moral ideals.
鍙﹀涓�
绉嶆剰瑙佷究鏄互鈥滅ぞ浼氬鈥濅竴璇嶇殑鎻愬嚭涓烘爣蹇楋紝閭ｅ氨鏄硶鍥界ぞ浼氬瀹?/p>
August
Comte1838
骞达紝鍦ㄤ粬鍑虹増鐨勯槓杩扮ぞ浼氬摬瀛﹀師鐞嗙殑銆婂疄璇佸摬瀛︽暀绋嬨�嬬殑绗洓鍗蜂腑锛?/p>
绗竴娆℃彁鍑轰簡鈥滅ぞ浼氬鈥濊繖涓柊鍚嶈瘝銆傝櫧鐒舵垜浠湰璇剧▼鐨勮瑙ｄ粠瀛斿痉寮�濮嬶紝浣嗘槸
瑕佹槸鎯崇悊瑙ｇぞ浼氬鎬濇兂瀹剁殑鎬濇兂婧愭祦锛岃繕鏄杩芥函寰楁洿涔呰繙涓�浜涖�?/p>
3
锛庢涓�鏃舵湡鐨勭ぞ浼氬鎬濇兂褰㈡垚浜嗙ぞ浼氬瀛︾鐨勫熀鏈蹇靛拰鏍稿績璁洪锛屽浠ュ悗鐨?/p>
绀句細瀛﹀彂灞曚骇鐢熶簡娣辫繙鐨勫奖鍝嶃�?/p>
锛堜簩锛夌幇浠ｇぞ浼氬鐞嗚锛?/p>
modern sociological theory
锛夛紝澶х害浠?/p>
20
涓栫邯
20
骞翠唬鍒?/p>
70
骞翠唬鏈紝杩欐槸绀句細瀛︾殑鍙戝睍鏃舵湡锛屽叾涓昏鐗瑰緛鏈夛細
1
锛庣ぞ浼氬鐨勫彂灞曢噸蹇冭浆绉诲埌浜嗙編鍥姐�傜ぞ浼氬鐨勫熀鏈亣璁炬槸
human behavior is
shaped by society and social environment
锛涢偅涔堜汉鐨勬�濇兂涔熸槸妞嶆牴浜庣ぞ浼氭潯
浠朵腑鐨勩�?/p>
2
锛?/p>
鍥寸粫甯曟．鏂殑缁撴瀯鍔熻兘涓讳箟灞曞紑锛?/p>
棣栧厛鏄笗妫柉缁煎悎瑗挎鐨勫彜鍏哥ぞ浼氬鐞嗚锛?/p>
閫傚簲褰撴椂缇庡浗绀句細鐨勯渶瑕佸缓绔嬩簡瀹忓ぇ鐨勭粨鏋勫姛鑳戒富涔変綋绯伙紝褰㈡垚浜嗏�滀竴缁熷ぉ涓嬧�?/p>
鐨勫眬闈紝
鍏跺悗闅忕潃绀句細鐨勪笉鏂彂灞曪紝
浜轰滑寮�濮嬪缁撴瀯鍔熻兘涓讳箟杩涜鎵瑰垽锛?/p>
褰㈡垚浜?/p>
绀句細瀛︾悊璁哄湪缇庡浗鐨勨�滅兢闆勫苟璧封�濈殑灞�闈紝鍥犳寰堝瀛﹁�呭氨鎶婅繖涓�鏃舵湡绉颁负鈥滃笗
妫柉鈥濆拰鈥滃弽甯曟．鏂�濋樁娈点�?/p>
3
锛庡湪鍙ゅ吀绀句細瀛︾悊璁轰紶缁熺殑鍩虹涓婏紝鍚勪釜鐞嗚瀹朵粠涓嶅悓鐨勭悊璁虹珛鍦哄嚭鍙戯紝鍙戝睍
瀹屽浜嗗悇涓悊璁轰紶缁燂紝褰㈡垚浜嗙粨鏋勫姛鑳界悊璁恒�佺ぞ浼氬啿绐佺悊璁恒�佺鍙蜂簰鍔ㄧ悊璁恒�佺ぞ
浼氭壒鍒ょ悊璁虹瓑鍑犲ぇ鐞嗚浣撶郴銆?/p>
鎴戜滑鍦ㄨ瑙ｈ繖涓�閮ㄥ垎鐨勬椂鍊欙紝
鍜屼笂涓�閮ㄥ垎鐨勮娉曟湁
浜涘尯鍒紝杩欎竴閮ㄥ垎涓昏鏄寜鐓т笉鍚岀殑鐞嗚浣撶郴杩涜璁茶В銆?/p>