绗竴绔?
缁?/p>
璁?/p>
闂涓�鍙傝�冪瓟妗?/p>
H
2
N
C
NH
2
O
C
6
H
6
Cl
6
C
14
H
30
CS
2
C
5
H
10
O
5
NaHCO
3
CaC
2
鏈夋満鐗╄川锛?
鏃犳満鐗╄川锛?/p>
1-1
1-2
閱嬮吀鑳芥憾浜庢按锛?/p>
1-
搴氱儻鍜岀‖鑴傞吀鑳芥憾浜庤嫰銆?/p>
CH
2
C
CH
2
CH
3
CH
2
CH
CH
C
CH CH
3
CH
CH
3
CH
CH
2
sp
2
sp sp
2
sp
3
sp
3
sp
2
sp
2
sp sp sp
3
sp
3
sp
3
sp
2
sp
2
1-3
1-4
CO
2
鍒嗗瓙涓紝铏界劧纰?/p>
-
姘ч敭涓烘瀬鎬ч敭锛屼絾鐢变簬鍒嗗瓙鍑犱綍褰㈢姸涓虹嚎鍨嬶紝鍗曚釜閿煩鐩镐簰鎶垫秷锛?/p>
O
C
O
锛屾墍浠?/p>
渭
=0
銆?/p>
1-5
浠风嚎寮?/p>
绠�鍖栧紡
缂╁啓寮?/p>
H
C
C
C
C
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
CH
3
CH
2
CH
CH
2
CH
3
CH
2
CH
CH
2
H
C
C
C
C
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
CH
3
CH
CH
CH
3
CH
3
CH
CHCH
3
C
C
C
C
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
2
C
H
2
C
CH
2
CH
2
C
C
C
H
H
H
H
C
H
H
H
H
C
H
2
C
CH
2
H
2
1-6
閰告�ф搴忎负锛?/p>
H
3
O
+
锛?/p>
NH
4
+
锛?/p>
CH
3
OH
锛?/p>
CH
3
NH
2
涔犻涓�鍙傝�冪瓟妗?/p>
1
.
(1) sp
3
(2) sp
(3) sp
2
(4) sp
(5) sp
3
(6)sp
2
2
.
(1)
锛?/p>
(3)
锛?/p>
(6)
浜掍负鍚屽垎寮傛瀯浣擄紱
(2)
锛?/p>
(4)
锛?/p>
(5)
锛?/p>
(7)
浜掍负鍚屽垎寮傛瀯浣撱�?/p>
3
.
(1)
閱囩被
(2)
閰氱被
(3)
鐜兎鐑?/p>
(4)
閱涚被
(5)
閱氱被
(6)
鑳虹被
4
.
蟺
閿殑鎴愰敭鏂瑰紡锛氭垚閿袱鍘熷瓙鐨?/p>
p
杞ㄩ亾娌跨潃涓庤繛鎺ヤ袱涓師瀛愮殑杞村瀭鐩寸殑鏂瑰悜鈥滆偐骞惰偐
鈥?/p>
閲嶅彔鑰屽舰鎴愩�?/p>
蟺
閿壒鐐癸細鈶犵數瀛愪簯骞抽潰瀵圭О锛涒憽涓?/p>
蟽
閿浉姣旓紝鍏惰建閬撻噸鍙犵▼搴﹀皬锛屽澶栨毚闇茬殑鎬佸娍澶э紝鍥犺�?/p>
蟺
閿殑鍙瀬
鍖栧害澶э紝鍦ㄥ寲瀛﹀弽搴斾腑鏄撳彈鍒颁翰鐢佃瘯鍓傜殑杩涙敾鑰屽彂鐢熷叡浠烽敭鐨勫紓瑁傦紱鈶㈢敱浜庢�绘槸涓?/p>
蟽
閿竴璧峰舰鎴愬弻閿垨鍙?/p>
閿紝鎵�浠ュ叾鎴愰敭鏂瑰紡蹇呯劧闄愬埗
蟽
閿崟閿殑鐩稿鏃嬭浆銆?/p>
5
.
(1) (2) (5)
鏄撴憾浜庢按锛?/p>
(5) (4) (6)
闅炬憾浜庢按銆?/p>
6
.
C
6
H
6
7
.
C
3
H
6
F
2
8
.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
H
3
C
O
CH
3
(5)
(6)
H
H
Cl
Cl
C
Br
H
H
H
C
H
C
OH
O
C
H
3
C
H
O
N
H
H
C
2
H
5