璇惧悗璁粌
涓?/p>
绗竴娆′笘鐣屽ぇ鎴樼殑褰卞搷
涓�銆侀�夋嫨棰?/p>
1
锛?/p>
1918
骞?/p>
12
鏈堬紝
銆婃瘡鍛ㄨ瘎璁恒�嬪湪鍙戝垔璇嶄腑璇达紝涓�鎴樼殑缁撴灉鏄�滃叕鐞嗘垬鑳滀簡寮烘潈鈥濄�傝繖
涓�璁虹偣鍙嶆槧浜嗙煡璇嗗垎瀛愬湪褰撴椂锛?/p>
锛?/p>
銆?/p>
A
锛庡彿鍙汉姘戜负鐪熺悊鑰屾枟浜?/p>
B
锛庡甯濆浗涓讳箟鎶辨湁骞绘兂
C
锛庤璇嗗埌涓�鎴樼殑瀹炶川
D
锛庡悜宸撮粠鍜屼細鑷存剰
2
锛庝縿鍥藉崄鏈堥潻鍛界垎鍙戝悗锛屽竷灏斾粈缁村厠鎻愬嚭鈥滄垜浠笉瑕佹垬浜夛紝鎴戜滑瑕佸湡鍦扳�濈殑鍙ｅ彿锛屽湪
鍚庢柟鎸夌幇鏈夋垚骞寸敺瀛愬垎寰楀湡鍦帮紝
鍓嶇嚎鍙傛垬鐨勫＋鍏垫媴蹇冨け鍘诲垎寰楀湡鍦扮殑鏈轰細锛?/p>
绂诲紑鍐涢槦閫冨洖瀹?/p>
鍒嗗湡鍦帮紝涓存椂鏀垮簻瀵瑰痉鍥界殑鎴樹簤涔熼毦浠ヤ负缁т簡銆傛浜嬪弽鏄犱簡锛?/p>
锛?/p>
銆?/p>
A
锛庡崄鏈堥潻鍛藉悗甯冨皵浠�缁村厠瀹炶鍦熷湴鍏湁鍒?/p>
B
锛庡竷灏斾粈缁村厠鍜屼复鏃舵斂搴滀竴鑷村寰峰浗浣滄垬
C
锛庢鍦熷湴鏀跨瓥瀵圭粨鏉熶縿鍥戒笌寰峰浗鐨勬垬浜夎捣浜嗛噸瑕佷綔鐢?/p>
D
锛庡竷灏斾粈缁村厠鍜屼复鏃舵斂搴滀竴鑷村悓鎰忕粨鏉熷寰峰浗鐨勬垬浜?/p>
3
锛庝粠涓嬪浘涓彲浠ョ湅鍑猴紙
锛?/p>
銆?/p>
1921
骞磋タ娆у悇鍥藉伐涓氱敓浜ф寚鏁?/p>
锛堜互
1913
骞翠负
100
锛?/p>
A
锛?/p>
鎴樹簤浣胯タ娆ч伃鍙椾簡娌夐噸鐨勬墦鍑伙紝宸ヤ笟鐢熶骇姘村钩杩滆繙浣庝簬鎴樺墠锛屼竴鏃堕毦浠ユ仮澶?/p>
B
锛庡ぇ鎴橀�犳垚浜嗗法澶х殑缁忔祹鎹熷け
C
锛庢垬浜夊甫鏉ヤ簡楗ラタ鍜岀伨鑽掞紝鎴樼伀灏嗘潙搴勫寲涓虹伆鐑紝浣滀负涓绘垬鍦虹殑娉曞浗鎹熷け灏や负鎯ㄩ噸
D
锛庢垬浜夌粰浜烘皯甯︽潵浜嗘棤灏界殑鐏鹃毦锛屼汉浠け鍘讳簡鎴樺墠鐨勪箰瑙備富涔?/p>
4
锛庝竴鎴樺悗锛屼簹闈炴媺鎺�璧锋皯鏃忕嫭绔嬭繍鍔ㄧ殑楂樻疆锛屼富瑕佸巻鍙叉潯浠舵湁锛?/p>
锛?/p>
銆?/p>
鈶犱竴鎴樻湡闂存皯鏃忓伐涓氫笉鍚岀▼搴︾殑鍙戝睍
鈶″彈鍗佹湀闈╁懡褰卞搷锛屽悇鍥介兘鎴愮珛浜嗗叡浜у厷缁勭粐
鈶㈡垬鍚庡笣鍥戒富涔夋垬鑳滃浗閲嶆柊鐡滃垎銆佹帬澶烘畺姘戝湴锛屾縺鍖栨皯鏃忕煕鐩?/p>
鈶ｄ竴鎴樻懅姣佷簡淇勭綏鏂笣鍥姐�?/p>
濂ユ柉鏇煎笣鍥姐�佸ゥ鍖堝笣鍥藉拰寰锋剰蹇楀笣鍥?/p>
A
锛庘憼鈶?/p>
B
锛庘憿鈶?/p>
C
锛庘憼鈶?/p>
D
锛庘憽鈶?/p>
5
锛庡ぇ閲忕鎶�杩涙鎴愭灉搴旂敤浜庡啗浜嬪甫鏉ョ殑鍚庢灉鏄紙
锛?/p>
銆?/p>
鈶犳彁楂樹簡姝﹀櫒鐨勬�ц兘锛屽ぇ澶у寮轰簡姝﹀櫒鐨勬潃浼ゅ姏
鈶℃垬浜夌獊鐮翠簡浠ュ線浠ラ檰鍦颁负涓荤殑闄?/p>
鍒讹紝鎵╁睍鍒版捣搴曞拰绌轰腑
鈶㈡垬浜夌獊鐮村湴鍩熸潯浠剁殑闄愬埗锛岃兘澶熷湪涓栫晫鑼冨洿鍐呮湁鏁堝湴鎸囨尌鎴樹簤
鈶ｆ垬浜夋洿鍔犳畫閰凤紝鍏呮弧鏇村ぇ鐨勫嵄闄╂�?/p>
A
锛庘憼鈶♀憿鈶?/p>
B
锛庘憼鈶♀憿
C
锛庘憼鈶♀懀
D
锛庘憼鈶⑩懀
6
锛庝竴鎴樺涓栫晫鏀挎不鏍煎眬鐨勬渶澶у奖鍝嶆槸锛?/p>
锛?/p>
銆?/p>
A
锛庡墛寮变簡甯濆浗涓讳箟鍔涢噺
B
锛?/p>
璧勬湰涓讳箟鍥藉鏃犱骇闃剁骇闈╁懡杩愬姩楂樻定
C
锛庤祫鏈富涔変竴缁熷ぉ涓嬬殑灞�闈㈣鎵撶牬
D
锛庝簹闈炴媺姘戞棌瑙ｆ斁杩愬姩楂樻定
浜屻�侀潪閫夋嫨棰?/p>
7
锛庨槄璇讳笅鍒楁潗鏂欙細
鏉愭枡涓�
1914
骞翠互鍓嶏紝娆ф床鐨勭粡娴庡緢澶х▼搴︿笂渚濋潬澶ц妯＄殑娴峰鎶曡祫锛岃繖浜涙姇璧勬瘡骞?/p>
浜х敓澶ч噺鐨勫埄娑︺�傜劧鑰岋紝
绗竴娆′笘鐣屽ぇ鎴樻湡闂达紝鑻卞浗澶卞幓浜嗗叾瀵瑰鎶曡祫鐨勫洓鍒嗕箣涓�锛屾硶鍥藉け
鍘讳簡涓夊垎涔嬩竴锛?/p>
鑰屽痉鍥藉垯澶卞幓浜嗗叏閮ㄥ澶栨姇璧勩�傚湪宸ヤ笟涓婏紝涓庢鐩稿悓鐨勬牸灞�涔熷緢鏄庢樉锛?/p>
鍥犱负
娆ф床璁稿宸ヤ笟鍖哄凡閬牬鍧忥紝
鑰岀編鍥界殑宸ュ巶鍗村湪鎴樻椂鏋佸ぇ闇�姹傜殑鎺ㄥ姩涓嬶紝
鐘瑰闆ㄥ悗鏄ョ瑡鑸儕浜?/p>
鍦板彂灞曡捣鏉ャ�?/p>
鈥斺�?/p>
銆婂叏鐞冮�氬彶銆?/p>
鏉愭枡浜?/p>
缇庡浗榛戜汉棰嗚
W.E.B.
鏉滄尝浼婃柉浜?/p>
1918
骞村啓涓嬩簡浠ヤ笅杩欎竴鏈夊叧鍗冲皢鍒版潵鐨勪笘鐣?