鑻辫鍥涘叚绾т綔鏂囩被鍨嬪叿浣撹瑙ｅ強甯哥敤缁忓吀鍙ュ瀷
鍦ㄥ洓绾ц�冭瘯涓紝
鎴戜滑甯稿父浼氶亣鍒拌鎴戜滑灏变袱绉嶅绔嬬殑瑙傜偣琛ㄦ槑鑷繁鐨勬�佸害鐨勯鐩�?/p>
璇峰ぇ瀹剁湅
鐪嬫绫婚鍨嬬殑鍑犱釜渚嬪瓙锛?/p>
渚?/p>
1
锛氭爣棰橈細
Is Failure a Bad Thing?
锛?/p>
1992, 6
锛?/p>
1.
澶辫触鏄父鏈夌殑浜?/p>
2.
浜轰滑瀵瑰け璐ユ湁鍚勭涓嶅悓鐨勬�佸害
3.
鎴戝澶辫触鐨勬�佸害
渚?/p>
2
锛氭爣棰橈細
Can Money Buy Happiness? (1995, 1)
1.
鏈変汉璁や负閲戦挶鏄垢绂忎箣鏈紙
source of happiness
锛?/p>
2.
涔熸湁浜鸿涓洪噾閽辨槸涓囨伓涔嬫簮锛?/p>
root of all evil
锛?/p>
3.
鎴戠殑鐪嬫硶
渚?/p>
3
锛氭爣棰橈細
Reading Selectively or Extensively? (1999, 6)
1.
鏈変汉璁や负璇讳功瑕佹湁閫夋嫨
2.
鏈変汉璁や负搴斿綋鍗氳缇や功
3.
鎴戠殑鐪嬫硶
鍙锛?/p>
闃愯堪瀵圭珛瑙傜偣鍨嬩綔鏂囩殑鏍囬寰�寰�浠ラ棶鍙ョ殑褰㈠紡鍑虹幇锛?/p>
鑰屼笖棰樼洰寰�寰�鍙互鏀瑰啓涓轰袱
绉嶅绔嬬殑瑙傜偣鎴栧仛娉曘�備緥濡備緥
1-3
鐨勬爣棰樺氨鍙互鏀瑰啓涓猴細
闃愯堪瀵圭珛瑙傜偣鍨嬩綔鏂囩殑涓枃鎻愮翰鍒欏線寰�鏄繖鏍风殑锛?/p>
1
锛庢湁锛堜簺锛変汉璁や负
鈥︹�?/p>
2
锛庝篃鏈夛紙浜涳級浜鸿涓?/p>
鈥︹�?/p>
3
锛庢垜鐨勭湅娉?/p>
/
瑙傜偣
绗笁鑺?/p>
闃愯堪瀵圭珛瑙傜偣鍨嬩綔鏂囩殑绡囩珷缁撴瀯鍜屽啓浣滄柟娉?/p>
鍦ㄥ姩鎵嬪啓闃愯堪瀵圭珛瑙傜偣鍨嬩綔鏂囧墠锛?/p>
鎴戜滑蹇呴』鏍规嵁鎵�鎻愪緵鐨勪腑鏂囨彁绾诧紝
鑰冭檻涓�涓嬭繖绫绘枃绔?/p>
鐨勭瘒绔犵粨鏋勪互鍙婂疄鐜板叾绡囩珷缁撴瀯鐨勪竴浜涘父鐢ㄧ殑妯″紡鎴栧璺紝浠ヤ究浣挎枃绔犵殑缁勭粐鏄惧緱鏈夋潯鐞嗭紝
灞傛鍒嗘槑锛岃剦缁滄竻鏅般�?/p>
6.3.1
闃愯堪瀵圭珛瑙傜偣鍨嬩綔鏂囩殑涓ょ绡囩珷缁撴瀯鍙婂叾鍐欎綔濂楄矾
6.3.1.1
绡囩珷缁撴瀯
1
绗竴娈碉細寮曡█锛堝紩鍑鸿璁虹殑涓婚锛?/p>
X
锛?/p>
锛屾彁鍑轰袱绉嶅绔嬬殑瑙傜偣锛?/p>
A
鍜?/p>
B
锛?/p>
锛屾湁鏃惰繕鍙暐鎻?/p>
鍙婃敮鎸佽繖涓ょ瑙傜偣鐨勭悊鐢憋級
绗簩娈碉細姝ｆ枃锛堣〃鏄庤嚜宸辩殑鐪嬫硶锛岄槓杩拌嚜宸辨敮鎸佹煇涓�瑙傜偣鐨勭悊鐢憋紝鎴?/p>
/
鍜岄┏鏂ヨ嚜宸卞弽瀵?/p>
鐨勮鐐癸級
绗笁娈碉細缁撹锛堟�荤粨鍏ㄦ枃锛岄噸鐢宠嚜宸辩殑瑙傜偣锛?/p>
杩欑绡囩珷缁撴瀯鐨勯噸鐐规斁鍦ㄨ〃杈捐嚜宸辩殑瑙傜偣涓婏紝
鏇磋兘鍏呭垎鍦伴槓杩拌嚜宸辩殑瑙傜偣锛?/p>
浣胯嚜宸辩殑瑙?/p>
鐐规洿鍏呭疄銆佹洿鏈夎鏈嶅姏銆?/p>
濂楄矾
1
锛?/p>
鈶?/p>
People鈥檚
views/ideas/opinions
on X
vary
from
person
to
person. Some
people
think
that
鈶?/p>
______________________.
They
hold
this
opinion
because
鈶?/p>
__________________.
However, others hold/don鈥檛 believe that
鈶?/p>
_______________, for
鈶?/p>
______________________.
鈶?/p>
As
to
me,
I
am
in
favor
of
the
first/
second
idea.
The
following
are
the
reasons
of/for
my
choice/personal
inclination.
First,
鈶?/p>
while
it
is
true
that
____________,
it
doesn鈥檛
mean
that
________________.
Second,
鈶?/p>
___________________.
Furthermore,
鈶?/p>
_________________.
鈶?/p>
Therefore/In conclusion/From the foregoing, __________.
鈶犲紩鍑轰富棰樷憽瑙傜偣
A
鈶㈡敮鎸佽鐐?/p>
A
鐨?/p>
鐞嗙敱鈶ｈ鐐?/p>
B
鈶ゆ敮鎸佽鐐?/p>
B
鐨勭悊鐢扁懃鎴戠殑瑙傜偣鈶︾悊鐢变竴鈶х悊鐢变簩鈶ㄧ悊鐢变笁鈶╃粨璁?/p>