绗竴绔?/p>
鏍?/p>
閰?/p>
(
涓�
)
鍚嶈瘝瑙ｉ噴
1
锛庡崟鏍歌嫹閰革細
鏍歌嫹涓庣７閰哥缉鍚堢敓鎴愮殑纾烽吀閰О涓哄崟鏍歌嫹閰搞�?/p>
2
锛庣７閰镐簩閰敭
锛氬崟鏍歌嫹閰镐腑锛屾牳鑻风殑鎴婄硸涓庣７閰哥殑缇熷熀涔嬮棿褰㈡垚鐨勭７閰搁叝閿�?/p>
3
锛?/p>
涓嶅绉版瘮鐜?/p>
锛?/p>
涓嶅悓鐢?/p>
鐗╃殑纰卞熀缁勬垚鐢卞緢澶х殑宸紓锛?/p>
杩欏彲鐢ㄤ笉瀵圭О姣旂巼
锛?/p>
A+T
锛?/p>
/
锛?/p>
G+C
锛夎〃绀恒�?/p>
4
锛庣⒈鍩轰簰琛ヨ寰?/p>
锛氬湪褰㈡垚鍙岃灪鏃嬬粨鏋勭殑杩囩▼涓紝鐢变簬鍚勭纰卞熀鐨勫ぇ灏忎笌缁撴瀯鐨?/p>
涓嶅悓锛屼娇寰楃⒈鍩轰箣闂寸殑浜掕ˉ閰嶅鍙兘鍦?/p>
G
鈥?/p>
C
锛堟垨
C
鈥?/p>
G
锛夊拰
A
鈥?/p>
T
锛堟垨
T
鈥?/p>
A
锛変箣闂?/p>
杩涜锛岃繖绉嶇⒈鍩洪厤瀵圭殑瑙勫緥灏辩О涓虹⒈鍩洪厤瀵硅寰嬶紙浜掕ˉ瑙勫緥锛?/p>
銆?/p>
5
锛庡弽瀵嗙爜瀛愶細
鍦?/p>
tRNA
閾句笂鏈変笁涓壒瀹氱殑纰卞熀锛岀粍鎴愪竴涓瘑鐮佸瓙锛岀敱杩欎簺鍙嶅瘑鐮?/p>
瀛愭寜纰卞熀閰嶅鍘熷垯璇嗗埆
mRNA
閾句笂鐨勫瘑鐮佸瓙銆傚弽瀵嗙爜瀛愪笌瀵嗙爜瀛愮殑鏂瑰悜鐩稿弽銆?/p>
6
锛庨『鍙嶅瓙
:
鍩哄洜鍔熻兘鐨勫崟浣嶏紱涓�娈垫煋鑹蹭綋锛屽畠鏄竴绉嶅鑲介摼鐨勫瘑鐮侊紱涓�绉嶇粨鏋勫熀
鍥犮�?/p>
7
锛庢牳閰哥殑鍙樻�т笌澶嶆�?/p>
锛氬綋鍛堝弻铻烘棆缁撴瀯鐨?/p>
DNA
婧舵恫缂撴參鍔犵儹鏃讹紝鍏朵腑鐨勬阿閿究
鏂紑锛?/p>
鍙岄摼
DNA
渚胯劚瑙ｄ负鍗曢摼锛?/p>
杩欏彨鍋氭牳閰哥殑
鈥滄憾瑙ｂ�?/p>
鎴栧彉鎬с�?/p>
鍦ㄩ�傚疁鐨勬俯搴︿笅锛?/p>
鍒嗘暎寮�鐨勪袱鏉?/p>
DNA
閾惧彲浠ュ畬鍏ㄩ噸鏂扮粨鍚堟垚鍜屽師鏉ヤ竴鏍风殑鍙岃偂铻烘棆銆?/p>
杩欎釜
DNA
铻烘棆
鐨勯噸缁勮繃绋嬬О涓衡�滃鎬р�?/p>
銆?/p>
8
锛庨��鐏?/p>
锛氬綋灏嗗弻鑲￠摼鍛堝垎鏁ｇ姸鎬佺殑
DNA
婧舵恫缂撴參鍐峰嵈鏃讹紝瀹冧滑鍙互鍙戠敓涓嶅悓绋?/p>
搴︾殑閲嶆柊缁撳悎鑰屽舰鎴愬弻閾捐灪鏃嬬粨鏋勶紝杩欑幇璞＄О涓衡�滈��鐏�?/p>
銆?/p>
9
锛庡鑹叉晥搴?/p>
锛氬綋
DNA
浠庡弻铻烘棆缁撴瀯鍙樹负鍗曢摼鐨勬棤瑙勫垯鍗锋洸鐘舵�佹椂锛屽畠鍦?/p>
260nm
澶勭殑鍚告敹渚垮鍔狅紝杩欏彨鈥滃鑹叉晥搴斺�?/p>
銆?/p>
10
锛庡噺鑹叉晥搴?/p>
锛?/p>
DNA
鍦?/p>
260nm
澶勭殑鍏夊瘑搴︽瘮鍦?/p>
DNA
鍒嗗瓙涓殑鍚勪釜纰卞熀鍦?/p>
260nm
澶?/p>
鍚告敹鐨勫厜瀵嗗害鐨勬�诲拰灏忓緱澶氾紙绾﹀皯
35%~40%
锛?/p>
,
杩欑幇璞＄О涓衡�滃噺鑹叉晥搴斺�?/p>
銆?/p>
11
锛庡櫖鑿屼綋
锛氫竴绉嶇梾姣掞紝瀹冨彲鐮村潖缁嗚弻锛屽苟鍦ㄥ叾涓箒娈栥�備篃鍙粏鑿岀殑鐥呮瘨銆?/p>
12
锛庡彂澶圭粨鏋?/p>
锛?/p>
RNA
鏄崟閾剧嚎褰㈠垎瀛愶紝鍙湁灞�閮ㄥ尯鍩熶负鍙岄摼缁撴瀯銆傝繖浜涚粨鏋勬槸鐢?/p>
浜?/p>
RNA
鍗曢摼鍒嗗瓙閫氳繃鑷韩鍥炴姌浣垮緱浜掕ˉ鐨勭⒈鍩哄鐩搁亣锛?/p>
褰㈡垚姘㈤敭缁撳悎鑰屾垚鐨勶紝
绉?/p>
涓哄彂澶圭粨鏋勩�?/p>
13
锛?/p>
DNA
鐨勭啍瑙ｆ俯搴?/p>
锛氬紩璧?/p>
DNA
鍙戠敓鈥滅啍瑙ｂ�濈殑娓╁害鍙樺寲鑼冨洿鍙笉杩囧嚑搴︼紝杩欎釜
娓╁害鍙樺寲鑼冨洿鐨勪腑鐐圭О涓虹啍瑙ｆ俯搴︼紙
T
m
锛?/p>
銆?/p>
14
锛庡垎瀛愭潅浜?/p>
锛氫笉鍚岀殑
DNA
鐗囨涔嬮棿锛?/p>
DNA
鐗囨涓?/p>
RNA
鐗囨涔嬮棿锛屽鏋滃郊姝ら棿鐨?/p>
鏍歌嫹閰告帓鍒楅『搴忎簰琛ヤ篃鍙互澶嶆�э紝
褰㈡垚鏂扮殑鍙岃灪鏃嬬粨鏋勩�?/p>
杩欑鎸夌収浜掕ˉ纰卞熀閰嶅
鑰屼娇涓嶅畬鍏ㄤ簰琛ョ殑涓ゆ潯澶氭牳鑻烽吀鐩镐簰缁撳悎鐨勮繃绋嬬О涓哄垎瀛愭潅浜ゃ�?/p>
15
锛庣幆鍖栨牳鑻烽吀
锛氬崟鏍歌嫹閰镐腑鐨勭７閰稿熀鍒嗗埆涓庢垔绯栫殑
3鈥?/p>
-OH
鍙?/p>
5
锛?/p>
纾烽吀
-OH
鐜寲
褰㈡垚閰敭锛岃繖绉嶇７閰稿唴閰殑缁撴瀯绉颁负鐜寲鏍歌嫹閰搞�?/p>