绗?/p>
3
璇炬椂
鏍搁吀鐨勭粨鏋勫拰鍔熻兘
鐢熺墿缁勭粐涓硸绫汇�?/p>
鑴傝偑鍜岃泲鐧借川鐨勬娴?/p>
瀛?/p>
涔?/p>
鐩?/p>
鏍?/p>
鏍?/p>
蹇?/p>
绱?/p>
鍏?/p>
1.
姒傝堪鏍搁吀鐢辨牳鑻烽吀鑱氬悎鑰屾垚锛?/p>
鏄偍瀛樹笌
浼犻�掗仐浼犱俊鎭殑鐢熺墿澶у垎瀛愩�?/p>
2.
妫�娴嬬敓鐗╃粍缁囦腑鐨勮繕鍘熺硸銆?/p>
鑴傝偑鍜岃泲鐧?/p>
璐ㄣ�?/p>
1.
浠庣粨鏋勪笌鍔熻兘鐩搁�傚簲鐨勮瑙掞紝鍒嗘瀽鏍搁吀鐨勫熀鏈崟
浣嶏紝
璁よ瘑
DNA
鍜?/p>
RNA
鐨勯暱閾剧粨鏋勶紝
鐞嗚В鏍搁吀鐨勫姛鑳姐�?/p>
2.
閫氳繃瀵光�滅洰鏍?/p>
2鈥濈殑瀛︿範锛?/p>
棰嗘偀绉戝鐮旂┒鐨勬柟娉曪紝
骞朵範寰楃浉鍏崇殑鎿嶄綔鎶�鑳姐�?/p>
涓�銆佹牳閰哥殑绉嶇被鍜屽熀鏈粍鎴愬崟浣?/p>
1
锛庣绫伙細鑴辨哀鏍哥硸鏍搁吀
(DNA)
鍜屾牳绯栨牳閰?/p>
(RNA)
銆?/p>
2
锛庡熀鏈粍鎴愬崟浣嶏細鏍歌嫹閰搞�傝缁撴瀯鐨勭粍鎴愪负锛?/p>
(1)
鑴辨哀鏍哥硸鏍歌嫹閰?/p>
(2)
鏍哥硸鏍歌嫹閰?/p>
浜屻�佹牳閰哥殑缁撴瀯銆佸垎甯冨拰浣滅敤
1
锛?/p>
1953
骞达紝娌冩．鍜屽厠閲屽厠鍙戠幇浜?/p>
DNA
鍒嗗瓙鍙岃灪鏃嬬粨鏋勩�傚叾鐗圭偣鏄細
(1)
鐢卞弽鍚戝钩琛岀殑涓ゆ潯鑴辨哀鏍歌嫹閰搁摼缁勬垚銆?/p>
(2)DNA
鍒嗗瓙涓殑鑴辨哀鏍哥硸鍜岀７閰镐氦鏇胯繛鎺ワ紝鎺掑垪鍦ㄥ渚ф瀯鎴愬熀鏈鏋躲�?/p>
(3)
纰卞熀鎺掑垪鍦ㄥ唴渚с�?/p>
2
锛庝竴鑸潵璇达紝
DNA
鐢变袱鏉℃牳鑻烽吀閾炬瀯鎴愶紝
RNA
鐢变竴鏉℃牳鑻烽吀閾炬瀯鎴愩�?/p>
3
锛庢牳閰哥殑鍒嗗竷鍜屽姛鑳?/p>
鏍?/p>
閰?/p>
绉嶇被
鍒嗗竷
浣滅敤
DNA
涓昏鍦ㄧ粏鑳炴牳涓?/p>
缁濆ぇ澶氭暟鐢熺墿鐨勯仐浼犵墿璐紝閬椾紶淇℃伅鐨勮浇浣?/p>
RNA
涓昏鍦ㄧ粏鑳炶川涓?/p>
灏戞暟鐥呮瘨鐨勯仐浼犵墿璐紝鍌ㄥ瓨閬椾紶淇℃伅
涓夈�佹娴嬬敓鐗╃粍缁囦腑鐨勭硸绫汇�佽剛鑲拰铔嬬櫧璐?/p>
1
锛庡疄楠屽師鐞?/p>
(1)
瀹為獙渚濇嵁锛氱敓鐗╃粍缁囦腑鐨勭硸绫汇�佽剛鑲拰铔嬬櫧璐ㄤ笌鏌愪簺鍖栧璇曞墏鍙嶅簲鍚庝骇鐢熺壒瀹氱殑棰滆壊