浼樼瀛︿範璧勬枡
娆㈣繋涓嬭浇
銆婂垎鏋愬寲瀛︺�嬪涔犳�濊�冮
<
涓�
>
1.
鍐欏嚭涓嬪垪閰哥⒈缁勫垎鐨勮川瀛愬钩琛″紡锛?/p>
锛?/p>
1
锛?/p>
c
(mol.L
-1
) NH
4
HCO
3
锛?/p>
绛旓細
[H
+
] + [H
2
CO
3
] = [OH] + [NH
3
] + [CO
3
2-
]
锛?/p>
2
锛?/p>
c
(mol.L
-1
) NH
4
F
锛?/p>
绛旓細
[H
+
] + [HF] = [OH] + [NH
3
]
锛?/p>
3
锛?/p>
c
(mol.L
-1
) NaNH
4
HPO
4
锛?/p>
绛旓細
[H
+
] + [H
2
PO
4
-
] + 2[H
3
PO
4
] = [OH
-
] + [NH
3
] + [PO
4
3-
]
锛?/p>
4
锛?/p>
c
(mol.L
-1
) NH
4
H
2
PO
4
锛?/p>
绛旓細
[H
+
] + [H
3
PO
4
] = [OH
-
] + [NH
3
] + [HPO
4
2-
] + 2[PO
4
3-
]
锛?/p>
5
锛?/p>
c
1
(mol.L
-1
) NH
3
+
c
2
(mol.L
-1
) NaOH
锛?/p>
绛旓細
[H
+
] + [NH
4
+
] = [OH
-
] - C
2
锛?/p>
6
锛?/p>
c
1
(mol.L
-1
) HAc +
c
2
(mol.L
-1
) H
3
BO
3
锛?/p>
绛旓細
[H
+
] = [OH
-
] + [Ac
-
] + [H
2
BO
3
-
]
锛?/p>
7
锛?/p>
c
1
(mol.L
-1
) H
3
PO
4
+
c
2
(mol.L
-1
) HCOOH
锛?/p>
绛旓細
[H
+
] = [OH
-
] + [H
2
PO
4
-
] + 2[HPO
4
2-
] + 3[PO
4
3-
] + [HCOO
-
]
锛?/p>
8
锛?/p>
c
1
(mol.L
-1
) NaH
2
PO
4
+
c
2
(mol.L
-1
) HCl
锛?/p>
绛旓細
[H
+
] + [H
3
PO
4
] = [OH
-
] + [HPO
4
2-
] + 2[PO
4
3-
] + [Cl
-
]
锛?/p>
9
锛?/p>
c
1
(mol.L
-1
) NaH
2
PO
4
+
c
2
(mol.L
-1
) Na
2
HPO
4
锛?/p>
绛旓細浠?/p>
H
2
PO
4
-
,H
2
O
涓洪浂姘村噯锛?/p>
[H
+
] + [H
3
PO
4
] = [OH
-
] + [HPO
4
-
] -
c
2
+ 2[PO
4
3-
]
浠?/p>
HPO
4
2-
,H
2
O
涓洪浂姘村噯锛?/p>
[H
+
] + [H
2
PO
4
-
] -
c
1
+ 2[H
3
PO
4
] = [OH
-
] + [PO
4
3-
]
锛?/p>
10
锛?/p>
c
1
(mol.L
-1
)HAc +
c
2
(mol.L
-1
) NaAc
銆?/p>
绛旓細浠?/p>
HAc,H
2
O
涓洪浂姘村噯锛?/p>
[H
+
] = [OH
-
] + [Ac
-
] -
c
2
浠?/p>
Ac
-
,H
2
O
涓洪浂姘村噯锛?/p>
[H
+
] + [HAc] -
c
1
= [OH
-
]
2.
涓嬪垪鍚勭粍閰哥⒈鐗╄川涓紝閭ｄ簺灞炰簬鍏辫江閰哥⒈瀵癸紵
锛?/p>
1
锛?/p>
H
3
PO
4
鈥?/p>
Na
2
HPO
4
锛?/p>
2
锛?/p>
H
2
SO
4
鈥?/p>
SO
4
2-
锛?/p>
3
锛?/p>
H
2
CO
3
鈥?/p>
CO
3
2-
锛?/p>
4
锛?/p>
NH
3
+
CHCOOH
鈥?/p>
NH
2
CH
2
COO
-
锛?/p>
5
锛?/p>
H
2
Ac
+
鈥?/p>
Ac
-
锛?/p>
6
锛?/p>
(CH
2
)
6
N
4
H
+
鈥?/p>
(CH
2
)
6
N
4
锛?/p>
7
锛?/p>
NH
2
CH
2
COOH
鈥?/p>
NH
3
+
CH
2
COOH
锛?/p>
8
锛?/p>
C
8
H
5
O
4
-
鈥?/p>
C
8
H
6
O
4
锛?/p>
9
锛?/p>
H
2
O
鈥?/p>
H
3
O
+
锛?/p>
10
锛?/p>
H
2
Ac
+
鈥?/p>
HAc
绛旓細
(6),(7),(8),(9),(10).
3.
鐢ㄥ惛鏀朵簡浜屾哀鍖栫⒊鐨?/p>
NaOH
婧舵恫婊村畾
H
3
PO
4
鑷崇涓�鍖栧璁￠噺鐐规椂锛屽娴嬪畾缁撴灉鏈夋棤褰卞搷锛涜嫢
婊村畾鑷崇浜屽寲瀛﹁閲忕偣鏃讹紝鎯呭喌鍙堟�庢牱锛?/p>
绛旓細绗竴鍖栧璁￠噺鐐癸細鐢熸垚
H
2
PO
4
-
,
鐢插熀姗欎綔鎸囩ず鍓?/p>
,
鍚告敹鐨?/p>
CO
2
飩?/p>
H
2
CO
3
,
鏃犲奖鍝嶃�?/p>
绗簩鍖栧璁￠噺鐐癸細鐢熸垚
HPO
4
2-
,
閰氶厼浣滄寚绀哄墏
,
鍚告敹鐨?/p>
CO
2
飩?/p>
HCO
3
-
,
鏈夊奖鍝嶃�?/p>
4.
涓庡ぇ姘斿钩琛＄殑绾按鐨?/p>
pH
鍊硷紝绛変簬銆佸ぇ浜庢垨灏忎簬
7.0 ?
绛旓細鍥犱负涓庡ぇ姘斿钩琛＄殑绾按鍚告敹浜嗗ぇ姘斾腑鐨?/p>
CO
2
锛屾墍浠?/p>
pH < 7.0
銆?/p>