绗?/p>
1
椤?/p>
鍏?/p>
14
椤?/p>
鐗╄川鐨勯噺鍙婂叾闃夸紡浼藉痉缃楀父鏁?/p>
鑰冪偣杩囧叧
涓�銆佺墿璐ㄧ殑閲?/p>
锛?/p>
1
锕戠墿璐ㄧ殑閲忥紙
n
锛夛細琛ㄧず鐗╄川鍚寚瀹氱矑瀛愬灏戠殑鐗╃悊閲?/p>
娉細鍙兘鐢ㄤ簬
寰
绮掑瓙
鍗曚綅锛氭懇灏旓紙
mol
锛夛紝绠�绉颁负
鎽?/p>
瑙勫畾
0.012 kg
12
C
涓墍鍚⒊鍘熷瓙鏁颁负
1mol
闃夸紡鍔犲痉缃楀父鏁?/p>
:
浠绘剰
1 mol
绮掑瓙鎵�鍚殑寰矑鏁?/p>
N
A
=6.02脳
10
23
mol
-1
绮掑瓙鏁般�佺墿璐ㄧ殑閲忋�侀樋浼忎冀寰风綏甯告暟涔嬮棿
璁＄畻鍏紡锛?/p>
n=N/ N
A
2
锕戞懇灏旇川閲?/p>
(M)
锛氬崟浣嶇墿璐ㄧ殑閲忕殑鐗╄川鎵�鍏锋湁鐨勮川閲?/p>
鍗曚綅锛?/p>
g/mol
鎴?/p>
Kg
锕?/p>
mol
-1
璁＄畻鍏紡锛?/p>
M=m/n
浜屻�侀樋浼忎冀寰风綏甯告暟
(
涓�
)
闃夸紡鍔犲痉缃楀畾寰?/p>
锛?/p>
1
锛夊湪
鐩稿悓鐨勬俯搴﹀拰鍘嬪己涓嬶紝鐩稿悓浣撶Н鐨勪换浣曟皵浣撻兘鍚湁鐩稿悓鏁扮洰鐨勫垎瀛?/p>
锛?/p>
2
锛夋敞鎰忥細鈶犱娇鐢ㄨ寖鍥达細姘斾綋锛涒憽浣跨敤鏉′欢锛氬悓娓┿�佸悓鍘嬨�佸悓浣撶Н锛涒憿鐗逛緥锛氭皵浣撴懇
灏斾綋绉?/p>
锛?/p>
3
锛?/p>
闃夸紡鍔犲痉缃楁帹璁?/p>
锛氱敤
n
琛ㄧず鐗╄川鐨勯噺锛?/p>
V
琛ㄧず浣撶Н锛?/p>
P
琛ㄧず鍘嬪己锛?/p>
M
琛ㄧず鎽╁皵璐?/p>
閲忥紙寮忛噺锛夛紝
蟻
琛ㄧず瀵嗗害銆傦紙娉ㄦ剰璇█琛ㄨ揪锛?/p>
(
鐞嗘兂姘斾綋鏂圭▼锛?/p>
PV=nRT
锛?/p>
鈶?/p>
T
銆?/p>
P
鐩稿悓锛?/p>
V
1
/V
2
= n
1
/n
2
= N
1
/N
2
鈶?/p>
T
銆?/p>
V
鐩稿悓锛?/p>
P
1
/P
2
= n
1
/n
2
= N
1
/N
2
鈶?/p>
T
銆?/p>
P
鐩稿悓锛?/p>
蟻
1
/蟻
2
= M
1
/M
2
m
m
P
R
T
P
R
T
M
M
飦?
飦?/p>
飥?
飪?/p>
飥?/p>
鈶?/p>
T
銆?/p>
P
銆?/p>
m
鐩稿悓锛?/p>
V
1
/V
2
= M
2
/M
1
锛?/p>
m
PV
RT
M
飥?/p>
)
鈶?/p>
T
銆?/p>
V
銆?/p>
m
鐩稿悓锛?/p>
P
1
/P
2
= M
2
/M
1
涓夛箲姘斾綋鎽╁皵浣撶Н
1
锕戠墿璐ㄤ綋绉ぇ灏忓彇鍐充簬锛氱墿璐ㄧ殑閲忋�佸井绮掔殑澶у皬銆佸井绮掔殑璺濈
姘斾綋浣撶Н澶у皬鐨勫喅瀹氬洜绱狅細鐗╄川鐨勯噺銆佸井绮掔殑璺濈
鍥轰綋銆佹恫浣撲綋绉ぇ灏忕殑鍐冲畾鍥犵礌锛氱墿璐ㄧ殑閲忋�佸井绮掔殑澶у皬
2
锕戞皵浣撴懇灏斾綋绉?/p>
(V
m
)
锛氬崟浣嶇墿璐ㄧ殑閲忕殑姘斾綋鎵�鍗犵殑浣撶Н
鍗曚綅锛?/p>
L/mol
鎴?/p>
L路
mol
-1
鏍囧喌涓?/p>
V
m
锛?/p>
22.4 L路
mol
-1
,
甯告俯甯稿帇涓?/p>
V
m
锛?/p>
24.8L路
mol
-1
璁＄畻鍏紡锛?/p>
V
m
=V/n
3
锕戠瓑娓╃瓑鍘嬩笅锛岀墿璐ㄧ殑閲忕浉绛夌殑姘斾綋瀹冧滑鐨勪綋绉浉绛?/p>
4
锕戞贩鍚堟皵浣撶殑骞冲潎鎽╁皵璐ㄩ噺锛?/p>
M=m(
鎬?/p>
)/n(
鎬?/p>
)
鍥涳箲
鐗╄川鐨勯噺娴撳害
1.
姒傚康锛氫互鍗曚綅浣撶Н婧舵恫閲屾墍鍚憾璐ㄧ殑鐗╄川鐨勯噺鏉ヨ〃绀烘憾娑叉祿搴︾殑鐗╃悊閲忋�?/p>
2.
绗﹀彿锛?/p>
c
鍗曚綅锛氭懇
/
鍗囷紙
mol/L
锛?/p>
鎴?/p>
mol
锕?/p>
L
-1
3.
璁＄畻鍏紡