瀹炵敤鏍囧噯鏂囨
绮惧僵鏂囨。
涓撲笟鑻辫鍐欎綔鑰冪偣鎬荤粨
Part
袉
Academic English Writing
锛堜笓涓氳嫳璇啓浣滐級
Chapter 1
Six Considerations in Academic Writing
1
銆?/p>
Academic
writing
is
a
product
of
many
consideration
:
audience,
purpose
and
strategy ,organization, style, flow and presentation.
锛堝鏈啓浣滃叚瑕佺礌锛氬啓浣滃璞★紝鐩殑锛岀粍缁囩粨鏋勶紝鏂囦綋鐗瑰緛锛岃〃杈捐繛璐拰瀹ｈ
鎴栧璇伙級
銆?/p>
2
銆?/p>
Organization usually has the following four parts :
闂
-
瑙ｅ喅鏂规硶鍖呮嫭鍥涗釜閮ㄥ垎
(1)
description of a situation
锛堟弿杩版儏鍐碉級
(2)
Identification of a problem
锛堢攧鍒棶棰橈級
(3)
Description of a solution
锛堟弿杩拌В鍐虫柟娉曪級
(4)
Evaluation of the solution
锛堣瘎浼拌В鍐虫柟娉曪級
3
銆?/p>
Formal Grammar Style
锛?/p>
锛堟瑙勭殑璇硶椋庢牸锛?/p>
(1) Generally avoid contractions
锛堜竴鑸潵璁查伩鍏嶄娇鐢ㄧ暐缂╄瘝锛?/p>
渚嬶細
won
鈥?/p>
t
鏀逛负
will not
(2)
Use the more appropriate formal negative forms
锛堜娇鐢ㄦ洿涓洪�傚疁鐨勬瑙勭殑鍚﹀畾
褰㈠紡锛?/p>
渚嬶細
not...any
鏀逛负
no
not...much
鏀逛负
little
not...many
鏀逛负
few
(3)
Limit the use of
鈥?/p>
run-on
鈥?/p>
expressions, such as
and so forth
and
etc.
锛堥檺鍒朵娇鐢?/p>
澶氫釜璇嶈繛鐢ㄧ殑琛ㄨ揪娉曪級
渚嬶細鍙ュ瓙鍐呬笉鑳藉嚭鐜?/p>
and so forth
鍜?/p>
etc.
鍑虹幇鏃跺簲灏嗙渷鐣ョ殑閮ㄥ垎鎵╁睍鍑烘潵銆?/p>
(4)
Avoid addressing the reader as you(except, of course, if you are writing a
textbook or other instructional materials).
锛堥伩鍏嶅悜璇昏�呰鈥滀綘鈥?/p>
锛?/p>
渚嬶細
You can see the results in Table 1.
鏀逛负锛?/p>
The results can be seen in Table 1.
(5)
Be careful about using direct questions. In some fields they are common, while in
others they are not.
锛堜娇鐢ㄧ洿鎺ュ紩璇椂闇�璋ㄦ厧锛?/p>
渚嬶細
What can be done to lower costs?
鏀逛负锛?/p>
It is necessary to consider how costs may be lowered.
鎴栬�?/p>
We now need to consider how costs may be lowered.
(6)
Place adverb within the verb.
锛堝皢鍓瘝鏀句簬鍔ㄨ瘝璇嶇粍鍐咃級
渚嬶細
This model was developed by Krugman originally.
鏀逛负锛?/p>
This model was originally developed by Krugman.