姘㈡哀鍖栭摑涓轰粈涔堝叿鏈変袱鎬?/p>
鍑℃槸鍦ㄦ按婧舵恫涓棦鑳界數绂诲嚭
H
+
锛屽張鑳界數绂诲嚭
OH
-
鐨勬阿姘у寲鐗╋紝鍙袱鎬ф阿姘?/p>
鍖栫墿銆傛阿姘у寲閾濆氨鏄袱鎬ф阿姘у寲鐗╋紝瀹冨湪姘存憾娑蹭腑鍙互鎸変笅鍒椾袱绉嶅舰寮?/p>
鐢电锛?/p>
Al3
+
+3OH
-
Al
锛?/p>
OH
锛?/p>
3
AlO+H
2
O
锛堢⒈寮忕數绂伙級
锛堥吀寮忕數绂伙級
鍏朵粬濡?/p>
Zn
锛?/p>
OH
锛?/p>
2
銆?/p>
Cr
锛?/p>
OH
锛?/p>
3
銆?/p>
Pb
锛?/p>
OH
锛?/p>
2
銆?/p>
Sn
锛?/p>
OH
锛?/p>
2
绛変篃閮芥槸涓ゆ�ф阿
姘у寲鐗┿�?/p>
涓ゆ�ф阿姘у寲鐗╃殑杩欑鎬ц川璺熷畠浠殑缁撴瀯鏈夊叧銆傚鐢?/p>
E
琛ㄧず鏌愪竴绉嶅厓绱狅紝瀹?/p>
鍙寜涓嬪垪涓ゅ紡杩涜鐢电锛?/p>
锛?/p>
1
锛?/p>
鍗?/p>
EOH
E
+
+OH
-
锛?/p>
2
锛?/p>
鍗?/p>
EOH
EO
-
+H
+
涔熷氨鏄
E
鈥?/p>
O
鍜?/p>
O
鈥?/p>
H
閮芥槸鏋佹�ч敭锛?/p>
閮芥湁鍥犳瀬鎬ф憾鍓傜殑浣滅敤鑰屾柇瑁傜殑鍙兘銆?/p>
瀵逛簬鏌愪竴鍏冪礌鐨勬阿姘у寲鐗╁湪姘翠腑绌剁珶杩涜閰稿紡鐢电杩樻槸纰卞紡鐢电锛?/p>
瑕佺湅
E
鈥?/p>
O
鍜?/p>
O
鈥?/p>
H
涓や釜閿殑鐩稿寮哄急銆傚
E
鈥?/p>
O
閿緝寮辨椂锛屽氨杩涜纰卞紡鐢电锛涘
O
鈥?/p>
H
閿緝
寮辨椂锛屽氨杩涜閰稿紡鐢电銆傝�岃繖涓や釜閿殑鐩稿寮哄急锛屽喅瀹氫簬鏌愬厓绱犵瀛?/p>
E
飥?
n
鍜屾阿绂?/p>
瀛愶紙
H
+
锛夊浜庢哀绂诲瓙锛?/p>
O
2-
锛夌殑鍚稿紩鍔涚殑鐩稿寮哄急銆?/p>
鈥?/p>
n
鍗?/p>
鈥?/p>
琛ㄧず鏌愬厓绱犵瀛愮殑姝ｇ數鑽锋暟銆?/p>
濡傛灉
E
飥?
n
瀵?/p>
O
2-
鐨勫惛寮曞姏寮猴紝
O
鈥?/p>
H
閿柇瑁傦紝鍗抽吀寮忕數绂荤殑瓒嬪娍澶э紱濡傛灉
H
+
瀵?/p>
O
2-
鐨勫惛寮曞姏寮猴紝
E
鈥?/p>
O
閿柇瑁傦紝鍗崇⒈寮忕數绂昏秼鍔垮ぇ銆備粠闈欑數寮曞姏鑰冭檻锛?/p>
E
飥?
n
瀵?/p>
O
2-
鐨勫惛寮曞姏鐨勫ぇ灏忥紝璺熷厓绱犵殑绂诲瓙鍗婂緞鍙婄數鑽锋暟鏈夊叧銆備竴鑸湴璇达紝鍏冪礌鐨勭瀛?/p>
鍗婂緞鎰堝皬锛岀瀛愮殑姝ｇ數鑽锋暟鎰堝ぇ锛岄偅涔?/p>
E
飥?
n
瀵?/p>
O
2-
鐨勫惛寮曞姏鎰堝己锛屽氨鍛堥吀寮忕數绂汇�?/p>
鍙嶄箣锛屽惛寮曞姏寮憋紝鍛堢⒈寮忕數绂汇�傚鏋滅瀛愬崐寰勮緝灏忥紙涓嶆槸寰堝皬锛?/p>
锛岀瀛愮數鑽疯緝澶?/p>
锛堜笉鏄緢澶э級鏃讹紝
E
鈥?/p>
O
閿拰
O
鈥?/p>
H
閿殑鐩稿寮哄急鎺ヨ繎鐩哥瓑銆傚嵆
E
飥?
n
鍜?/p>
H
+
瀵?/p>
O
2-
鐨勫惛寮曞姏鎺ヨ繎鐩哥瓑锛岃繖鏃讹紝
EOH
灏辨棦鍙兘鍛堥吀寮忕數绂伙紝鍙堝彲鑳藉憟纰卞紡鐢电锛岃繖