搂
7.2
鐢佃В璐ㄦ憾娑茬殑鐢靛鐜囧拰鎽╁皵鐢靛鐜?/p>
1.
鐢靛鍜岀數瀵肩巼
閫氳繃婧舵恫鐨勭數娴佸己搴?/p>
I
涓庢憾娑茬數闃?/p>
R
鍜屽鍔犵數鍘?/p>
V
鏈嶄粠
娆у瀹氬緥
R
锛?/p>
V/I
锛涜�屾憾娑茬殑鐢?/p>
闃荤巼
飦?/p>
鍙牴鎹?/p>
(
/
)
R
A
l
飦?/p>
飥?/p>
璁＄畻銆傞�氳繃娴嬮噺
鐢甸樆
锛?/p>
resistance,
R
锛夊拰
鐢甸樆鐜?/p>
锛?/p>
resistivity,
飦?/p>
锛夊嵆
鍙瘎浠风數瑙ｈ川婧舵恫鐨勫鐢佃兘鍔涳紝
涓嶅悓鐨勬槸
l
涓轰袱鐢垫瀬闂寸殑璺濈锛?/p>
鑰?/p>
A
鍒欏彇娴稿叆婧舵恫鐨勭數鏋侀潰
绉�備範鎯笂澶氱敤鐢靛锛?/p>
conductance
锛?/p>
G
锛夊拰鐢靛鐜囷紙
conductivity,
飦?/p>
锛夋潵琛ㄧず婧舵恫鐨勫鐢佃兘鍔涳紝
瀹氫箟锛?/p>
G
锛?/p>
1
/R
飦?/p>
=1/
飦?/p>
鐢靛
G
鐨勫崟浣嶆槸
飦?/p>
-1
锛屼篃璁颁负
S(
瑗块棬瀛?/p>
)
锛?/p>
飦?/p>
鐨勫崟浣嶆槸
S路
m
-1
銆傜數瀵煎拰鐢靛鐜囬棿鐨勫叧绯伙細
l
G
A
飦?/p>
飪?/p>
飪?/p>
飥?/p>
飪?
飪?/p>
飪?/p>
飪?
(7.3)
2.
鐢靛鐨勬祴閲?/p>
閫氬父閲囩敤鐢靛鐜囦华锛?/p>
conductometer
锛夋潵娴嬮噺鐢佃В璐?/p>
婧舵恫鐨勭數瀵硷紝鍏跺師鐞嗗鍥?/p>
7.2
銆?/p>
娴嬮噺鏃跺皢
鐢靛鐢垫瀬
锛?/p>
conductance electrode
锛夋彃鍏ュ緟
娴嬫憾娑叉垨灏嗗緟娴嬫憾娑插厖鍏ュ叿鏈変袱涓浐瀹?/p>
Pt
鐢垫瀬鐨?/p>
鐢靛
姹?/p>
锛?/p>
conductance
cell
锛?/p>
M
涓紝鑰屽悗灏?/p>
M
杩炲叆鎯犳柉鐧?/p>
(Wheatstone)
鐢垫ˉ鐨勪竴鑷傘�?/p>
娴嬮噺鏂规硶涓庢祴瀹氶噾灞炵殑鐢甸樆鐩?/p>
鍚屼絾鎶�鏈笂闇�鍋氫竴浜涙敼杩涳紝濡傛祴閲忔椂涓嶇敤鐩存祦鐢垫簮鑰屾敼
鐢?/p>
1000
Hz
鐨勯珮棰戜氦娴佺數婧?/p>
S
锛涗互鑰虫満鎴栫ず娉㈠櫒
T
鏉ユ寚
绀烘ˉ涓浂鐢垫祦锛涘湪鐢垫ˉ鍙︿竴鑷傜殑鍙彉鐢甸樆
R
1
涓婇渶
涓茶仈
涓�涓彲鍙樼數瀹瑰櫒
K
浠ヨˉ鍋跨數瀵兼睜鐨勭數
瀹广�傜數妗ュ钩琛℃椂鏈?/p>
3
1
4
R
R
R
R
飥?/p>
3
1
4
1
R
G
R
R
R
飥?/p>
飥?/p>
锛?/p>
7.4
锛?/p>
婧舵恫鐨勭數瀵肩巼鍙寜
(7.3)
寮忔眰绠椼�?/p>
寮忎腑
(
l
锛?/p>
A)
绉颁负
鐢靛姹犲父鏁?/p>
锛?/p>
conductance cell constant
锛?/p>
銆?
涓嶅悓鐨勭數瀵兼睜鍏锋湁涓嶅悓鐨勭數瀵兼睜甯告暟锛?/p>
鍗充娇鏄悓涓�鐢靛姹狅紝
鍏剁數瀵兼睜甯告暟涔熶細闅忔椂闂磋�屾敼鍙樸�?/p>
瀹為檯娴嬮噺鏃跺鐢?/p>
鏍囧噯婧舵恫
锛?/p>
standard
solution
锛夋硶锛屽嵆鍏堝皢涓�绮剧‘宸茬煡鐢靛鐜囷紙
飦?/p>
s
锛夌殑鏍囧噯
婧舵恫鍏呭叆鐢靛姹狅紝鍦ㄦ寚瀹氭俯搴︿笅娴嬪畾鍏剁數瀵硷紙
G
s
锛?/p>
锛岃�屽悗鍐嶅皢寰呮祴婧舵恫鍏呭叆璇ョ數瀵兼睜娴嬮噺鍏?/p>
鐢靛锛?/p>
G
锛?/p>
锛屽垎鍒甫鍏?/p>
(7.3)
寮忔瘮杈冨彲寰楋細
s
s
G
G
飦?/p>
飦?/p>
飥?/p>
(7.5)
寮忎腑涓嶅啀鍑虹幇鐢靛姹犲父鏁般�?/p>
杩欑鍒╃敤鏍囧噯婧舵恫杩涜娴嬮噺鐨勬柟娉曞湪瀹為檯娴嬮噺涓粡甯搁噰鐢ㄣ�?/p>
甯哥敤
鐨?/p>
KCl
鏍囧噯婧舵恫鐨勭數瀵肩巼鍒椾簬琛?/p>
7.3
銆?/p>
琛?/p>
7.3
姘寲閽炬爣鍑嗘憾娑茬殑鐢靛鐜?/p>
c
/(mol
飪?/p>
dm
-3
)
1000g
姘翠腑
KCl
鐨勮川閲?/p>
(
鍗曚綅涓?/p>
g)
鐢靛鐜?/p>
飦?/p>
/(S
飪?/p>
m
-1
)
0
鈩?/p>
18
鈩?/p>
25
鈩?/p>
0.01
0.74625
0.077364
0.122052
0.140877
0.10
7.47896
0.71379
1.11667
1.28560
1.00
76.6276
6.5176
9.7838
11.1342
鍥?/p>
7.2
鐢靛娴嬮噺鍘熺悊鍥?/p>