1
1
锛庢湁
2
脳
10
飥?/p>
3
m
3
鍒氭�у弻鍘熷瓙鍒嗗瓙鐞嗘兂姘斾綋锛屽叾鍐呰兘涓?/p>
6.75
脳
10
2
J
锛?/p>
(1)
璇曟眰姘斾綋鐨勫帇寮猴紱
(2)
璁惧垎瀛愭�绘暟涓?/p>
5.4
脳
10
22
涓紝姹傚垎瀛愮殑骞冲潎骞冲姩鍔ㄨ兘鍙婃皵浣撶殑娓╁害锛?/p>
(
鐜诲皵鍏规浖甯搁噺
k
锛?/p>
1.38
脳
10
飥?/p>
23
J
路
K
飥?/p>
1
)
2
锛庝竴瀹氶噺鐨勫崟鍘熷瓙鍒嗗瓙鐞嗘兂姘斾綋锛屼粠鍒濇�?/p>
A
鍑哄彂锛屾部鍥剧ず鐩寸嚎杩囩▼鍙樺埌鍙︿竴鐘舵�?/p>
B
锛屽張缁?/p>
杩囩瓑瀹广�佺瓑鍘嬩袱杩囩▼鍥炲埌鐘舵�?/p>
A
锛?/p>
(1)
姹?/p>
A
鈫?/p>
B
锛?/p>
B
鈫?/p>
C
锛?/p>
C
鈫?/p>
A
鍚勮繃绋嬩腑绯荤粺
瀵瑰鎵�浣滅殑鍔?/p>
W
锛?/p>
鍐呰兘鐨勫閲?/p>
飦?/p>
E
浠ュ強鎵�鍚告敹鐨?/p>
鐑噺
Q
锛?/p>
(2)
鏁翠釜寰幆杩囩▼涓郴缁熷澶栨墍浣滅殑鎬诲姛
浠ュ強浠庡鐣屽惛鏀剁殑鎬荤儹閲?/p>
(
杩囩▼鍚哥儹鐨勪唬鏁?
鍜?/p>
)
锛?/p>
3
锛?/p>
1 mol
鍙屽師瀛愬垎瀛愮悊鎯虫皵浣撲粠鐘舵�?/p>
A
(
p
1
,
V
1
)
娌?/p>
p
飥?/p>
V
鍥炬墍
绀虹洿绾垮彉鍖栧埌鐘舵�?/p>
B
(
p
2
,
V
2
)
锛岃瘯姹傦細
(1)
姘斾綋鐨勫唴鑳藉閲忥紟
(2)
姘斾綋瀵瑰鐣屾墍浣滅殑鍔燂紟
(3)
姘斾綋鍚告敹鐨勭儹閲忥紟
(4)
姝よ繃绋嬬殑鎽╁皵鐑锛?/p>
(
鎽╁皵鐑
C
=
T
Q
飦?/p>
飦?/p>
/
锛?/p>
鍏朵腑
Q
飦?/p>
琛ㄧず
1 mol
鐗╄川鍦ㄨ繃
绋嬩腑鍗囬珮娓╁害
T
飦?/p>
鏃舵墍鍚告敹鐨勭儹閲忥紟
)
4
锛庝竴瀹氶噺鐨勫垰鎬у弻鍘熷瓙鍒嗗瓙鐞嗘兂姘斾綋锛屽紑濮嬫椂澶勪簬鍘嬪己涓?/p>
p
0
= 1.0
脳
10
5
Pa
锛屼綋绉负
V
0
=4
脳
10
-3
m
3
锛屾俯搴︿负
T
0
= 300 K
鐨勫垵鎬侊紝鍚庣粡绛夊帇鑶ㄨ儉杩囩▼娓╁害涓婂崌鍒?/p>
T
1
= 450 K
锛屽啀缁忕粷
鐑繃绋嬫俯搴﹂檷鍥炲埌
T
2
= 300 K
锛屾眰姘斾綋鍦ㄦ暣涓繃绋嬩腑瀵瑰浣滅殑鍔燂紟
5
锛?/p>
1 mol
鐞嗘兂姘斾綋鍦?/p>
T
1
= 400 K
鐨勯珮娓╃儹婧愪笌
T
2
= 300 K
鐨勪綆娓╃儹婧愰棿浣滃崱璇哄惊
鐜紙鍙�嗙殑锛?/p>
锛屽湪
400 K
鐨勭瓑娓╃嚎涓婅捣濮嬩綋绉负
V
1
= 0.001 m
3
锛岀粓姝綋绉负
V
2
=
0.005 m
3
锛岃瘯姹傛姘斾綋鍦ㄦ瘡涓�寰幆涓?/p>
(1)
浠庨珮娓╃儹婧愬惛鏀剁殑鐑噺
Q
1
(2)
姘斾綋鎵�浣滅殑鍑�鍔?/p>
W
(3)
姘斾綋浼犵粰浣庢俯鐑簮鐨勭儹閲?/p>
Q
2
1
2
3
1
2
O
V
(10
飥?/p>
3
m
3
)
p
(10
5
Pa)
A
B
C
B
A
O
V
p
1
p
2
p
V
1
V
2