1
鍒嗗瓙鐨勭珛浣撴瀯鍨?/p>
1
銆佹皑姘斿垎瀛愮┖闂存瀯鍨嬫槸涓夎閿ュ舰锛岃�岀敳鐑锋槸姝ｅ洓闈綋褰紝杩欐槸鍥犱负锛?/p>
锛?/p>
A
锛庝袱绉嶅垎瀛愮殑涓績鍘熷瓙鏉傚寲杞ㄩ亾绫诲瀷涓嶅悓锛?/p>
NH
3
涓?/p>
sp
2
鍨嬫潅鍖栵紝鑰?/p>
CH
4
鏄?/p>
sp
3
鍨嬫潅鍖?/p>
B
锛?/p>
NH
3
鍒嗗瓙涓?/p>
N
鍘熷瓙褰㈡垚涓変釜鏉傚寲杞ㄩ亾锛?/p>
CH
4
鍒嗗瓙涓?/p>
C
鍘熷瓙褰㈡垚鍥涗釜鏉傚寲杞ㄩ亾
C
锛?/p>
NH
3
鍒嗗瓙涓湁涓�瀵规湭鎴愰敭鐨勫鐢靛瓙瀵癸紝瀹冨鎴愰敭鐢靛瓙鐨勬帓鏂ヤ綔鐢ㄨ緝寮?/p>
D
锛庢皑姘斿垎瀛愭槸鏋佹�у垎瀛愯�岀敳鐑锋槸闈炴瀬鎬у垎瀛?/p>
銆愮瓟妗堛�?/p>
C
銆愯В鏋愩�?/p>
NH
3
銆?/p>
CH
4
閮介噰鐢?/p>
sp
3
鏉傚寲褰㈠紡锛?/p>
浜岃�呯殑涓嶅悓鍦ㄤ簬
NH
3
鏉傚寲鍚庣殑鍥涗釜杞ㄩ亾涓湁涓変釜鎴愰敭锛?/p>
鍙︽湁涓�涓绾冲鐢靛瓙瀵癸紝鑰?/p>
CH
4
鏉傚寲鍚庣殑鍥涗釜杞ㄩ亾鍏ㄩ儴鐢ㄤ簬鎴愰敭锛岃繖鏍蜂細瀵艰嚧浜岃�呯殑绌洪棿鏋?/p>
鍨嬫湁鎵�涓嶅悓銆?/p>
2
銆佷笅鍒楃墿璐ㄧ殑鍒嗗瓙涓紝閿鏈�灏忕殑鏄紙
锛?/p>
A
锛?/p>
H
2
O B
锛?/p>
BF
3
C
锛?/p>
NH
3
D
锛?/p>
CH
4[
銆愮瓟妗堛�?/p>
A
3
銆佸厓绱犵鍙枫�佸弽搴旀柟绋嬪紡銆佺粨鏋勭ず鎰忓浘銆佺數瀛愬紡銆佺粨鏋勫紡绛夐�氬父鍙仛鍖栧鐢ㄨ銆?/p>
涓嬪垪鏈夊叧鍖栧鐢ㄨ鐨勮〃绀烘柟娉曚腑姝ｇ‘鐨勬槸锛?/p>
锛?/p>
A
锛?/p>
H
2
O
2
鐨勭數瀛愬紡锛?
B
锛?/p>
NH
4
I
鐨勭數瀛愬紡
锛?/p>
C
锛庡師瀛愭牳鍐呮湁
8
涓腑瀛愮殑纰冲師瀛愶細
D
锛?/p>
CO
2
鍒嗗瓙鐨勭粨鏋勫紡锛?/p>
O=C=O
銆愮瓟妗堛�?/p>
D
4
銆佺敤
VSEPR
妯″瀷棰勬祴涓嬪垪鍒嗗瓙鎴栫瀛愮殑绔嬩綋缁撴瀯锛屽叾涓纭殑鏄紙
锛?/p>
A
锛?/p>
SO
2
鐩寸嚎褰?/p>
B
锛?/p>
CS
2
骞抽潰涓夎褰?/p>
C
锛?/p>
NH
锛?/p>
4
姝ｅ洓闈綋褰?/p>
D
锛?/p>
BF
3
涓夎閿ュ舰
銆愮瓟妗堛�?/p>
C
5
銆?/p>
鍦?/p>
AgNO
3
婧舵恫涓姞鍏ヨ繃閲忕殑姘ㄦ按锛?/p>
鍏堟湁娌夋穩锛?/p>
鍚庢矇娣�婧惰В锛?/p>
娌夋穩婧惰В鐨勫師鍥犳槸褰㈡垚浜?/p>
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
A
锛?/p>
AgNO
3
B
锛?/p>
[Ag(NH
3
)
2
]
锛?
C
锛?/p>
NH
3
路H
2
O D
锛?/p>
NH
4
NO
3
銆愮瓟妗堛�?/p>
B
銆愯В鏋愩�?/p>
AgNO
3
婧舵恫涓姞鍏ヨ繃閲忕殑姘ㄦ按鍙戠敓濡備笅鍙嶅簲
Ag
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
NH
3
路H
2
O==
=AgOH鈫擄紜
NH
4
锛?
锛?/p>
AgOH
锛?/p>
2NH
3
路H
2
O===[Ag(NH
3
)
2
]
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
OH
锛?
锛?/p>
2H
2
O
銆?/p>
6
銆佷笅鍒楁湁鍏?/p>
NH
4
+
涓殑
N
鈥?/p>
H
閰嶄綅閿娉曟纭殑鏄紙
锛?/p>
A
锛?/p>
N
鈥?/p>
H
閰嶄綅閿笉鏄寲瀛﹂敭
B
锛?/p>
N
鈥?/p>
H
閰嶄綅閿睘浜庡叡浠烽敭
C
锛?/p>
N
鈥?/p>
H
閰嶄綅閿窡鍏朵粬涓変釜
N
鈥?/p>
H
閿箣闂寸殑閿暱涓嶅悓
D
锛?/p>
N
鈥?/p>
H
閰嶄綅閿殑鍖栧鎬ц川涓庡叾浠?/p>
N
鈥?/p>
H
閿笉鍚?/p>
銆愮瓟妗堛�?/p>
B
銆愯В鏋愩�戦厤浣嶉敭鏄叡浠烽敭鐨勪竴绉嶇壒渚嬶紝搴斿睘浜庡寲瀛﹂敭銆傚湪
NH
4
+
涓櫧鐒?/p>
N
鈥?/p>
H
閰嶄綅閿殑褰㈡垚杩?/p>
绋嬩笌鍏朵粬
N
鈥?/p>
H
鍏变环閿笉鍚岋紝浣嗛敭闀裤�侀敭鑳藉強鍖栧鎬ц川瀹屽叏鐩稿悓銆?/p>
7
銆佷笅鍒楁湁鍏崇墿璐ㄧ殑缁撴瀯鍜屾�ц川鐨勫彊杩版纭殑锛?/p>
锛?/p>
A.
姘存槸涓�绉嶉潪甯哥ǔ瀹氱殑鍖栧悎鐗╋紝杩欐槸鐢变簬姘翠腑瀛樺湪姘㈤敭