鐗╃悊鍖栧鍗曞厓娴嬮獙锛堜竴锛?/p>
涓�銆侀�夋嫨棰樸�傚湪棰樺悗鎷彿鍐咃紝濉笂姝ｇ‘绛旀浠ｅ彿銆?/p>
1
銆?/p>
瀵逛簬鐞嗘兂姘斾綋锛岀劍鑰?/p>
-
姹ゅ瀛欑郴鏁?/p>
飦?/p>
J-T
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
銆?/p>
锛?/p>
1
锛?/p>
> 0
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
2
锛?/p>
< 0
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
3
锛?/p>
= 0
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
4
锛変笉鑳界‘瀹氥�?/p>
2
銆?/p>
鍦ㄥ悓涓�娓╁害涓嬶紝鍚屼竴姘斾綋鐗╄川鐨勬懇灏斿畾鍘嬬儹瀹?/p>
C
p
,m
涓庢懇灏斿畾瀹圭儹瀹?/p>
C
V
,m
涔嬮棿鐨勫叧绯?/p>
涓猴細
(
)
銆?/p>
( 1 )
C
p
,m
<
C
V
,m
锛?/p>
( 2 )
C
p
,m
>
C
V
,m
锛?/p>
( 3 )
C
p
,m
=
C
V
,m
锛?/p>
( 4 )
闅句互姣旇緝銆?/p>
3
銆?/p>
鍏紡
飦?/p>
H
n
C
T
p
T
T
飥?/p>
飪?/p>
,m
d
1
2
鐨勯�傜敤鏉′欢鏄細
(
)
銆?/p>
( 1 )
浠讳綍杩囩▼锛?/p>
( 2 )
绛夊帇杩囩▼锛?/p>
( 3 )
缁勬垚涓嶅彉鐨勭瓑鍘嬭繃绋嬶紱
( 4 )
鍧囩浉鐨勭粍鎴愪笉鍙樼殑绛夊帇杩囩▼銆?/p>
4
銆?/p>
褰撶悊鎯虫皵浣撳弽鎶椾竴瀹氱殑鍘嬪姏浣滅粷鐑啫鑳�鏃讹紝鍒欙細
(
)
銆?/p>
( 1 )
鐒撴�绘槸涓嶅彉锛?/p>
( 2 )
鐑姏瀛﹁兘鎬绘槸澧炲姞锛?/p>
( 3 )
鐒撴�绘槸澧炲姞锛?/p>
( 4 )
鐑姏瀛﹁兘鎬绘槸鍑忓皯銆?/p>
5
銆?/p>
25
鈩冿紝涓嬮潰鐨勭墿璐ㄤ腑鏍囧噯鎽╁皵鐢熸垚鐒撲笉涓洪浂鐨勬槸锛?/p>
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
銆?/p>
锛?/p>
1
锛?/p>
N
2
(g)
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
2
锛?/p>
S(s ,
鍗曟枩
)
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
3
锛?/p>
Br
2
(l)
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
4
锛?/p>
I
2
(s)
銆?/p>
6
銆?/p>
鑼冨痉鍗庢皵浣撶粡缁濈儹鑷敱鑶ㄨ儉鍚庯紝姘斾綋鐨勬俯搴︼細
(
)
銆?/p>
( 1 )
涓婂崌锛?/p>
( 2 )
涓嬮檷锛?/p>
( 3 )
涓嶅彉銆?/p>
7
銆?/p>
鐞嗘兂姘斾綋鐘舵�佹柟绋嬪紡瀹為檯涓婃鎷簡涓変釜瀹為獙瀹氬緥锛屽畠浠槸锛?/p>
(
)
銆?/p>
锛?/p>
1
锛夌幓鎰忚�冲畾寰嬶紝鍒嗗帇瀹氬緥鍜屽垎浣撶Н瀹氬緥锛?/p>
锛?/p>
2
锛夌幓鎰忚�冲畾寰嬶紝鐩柭峰悤钀ㄥ厠瀹氬緥鍜岄樋浼忎冀寰风綏瀹氬緥锛?/p>
锛?/p>
3
锛夌幓鎰忚�冲畾寰嬶紝鐩柭峰悤钀ㄥ厠瀹氬緥鍜屽垎鍘嬪畾寰嬶紱
锛?/p>
4
锛夌幓鎰忚�冲畾寰嬶紝鍒嗕綋绉畾寰嬪拰闃夸紡浼藉痉缃楀畾寰嬨�?/p>
8
銆?/p>
鏌愬潥鍥哄鍣ㄥ绉?/p>
100 dm
3
锛屼簬
25
鈩冿紝
101.3 kPa
涓嬪彂鐢熷墽鐑堝寲瀛﹀弽搴旓紝瀹瑰櫒鍐呭帇鍔涖�佹俯
搴﹀垎鍒崌鑷?/p>
5066
kPa
鍜?/p>
1000
鈩冦�傛暟鏃ュ悗锛屾俯搴︺�佸帇鍔涢檷鑷冲垵鎬侊紙
25
鈩冨拰
101.3
kPa
锛?/p>
锛屽垯涓?/p>
鍒楄娉曚腑姝ｇ‘鐨勪负锛?/p>
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
銆?/p>
( 1 )
璇ヨ繃绋?/p>
飦?/p>
U
= 0
锛?/p>
飦?/p>
H
= 0
( 2 )
璇ヨ繃绋?/p>
飦?/p>
H
= 0
锛?/p>
W
飩?/p>
0
( 3 )
璇ヨ繃绋?/p>
飦?/p>
U
= 0
锛?/p>
Q
飩?/p>
0
( 4 )
璇ヨ繃绋?/p>
W
= 0
锛?/p>
Q
飩?/p>
0
9
銆?/p>
H
2
鍜?/p>
O
2
浠?/p>
2
锛?/p>
1
鐨勬懇灏旀瘮鍦ㄧ粷鐑殑閽㈢摱涓弽搴旂敓鎴?/p>
H
2
O
锛屽湪璇ヨ繃绋嬩腑
(
)
鏄纭殑銆?/p>
( 1 )
飦?/p>
H
= 0
锛?/p>
( 2 )
飦?/p>
T
= 0
锛?/p>
( 3 )
pV
纬
=
甯告暟锛?/p>
( 4 )
飦?/p>
U
= 0
銆?/p>
10
銆?/p>
鑼冨痉鍗庢柟绋嬩腑鐨勫帇鍔涗慨姝ｉ」瀵?/p>
V
m
鐨勫叧绯讳负锛?/p>
(
)
銆?/p>
( 1 )
姝ｆ瘮浜?/p>
V
m
2
锛?/p>
( 2 )
姝ｆ瘮浜?/p>
V
m
锛?/p>
( 3 )
姝ｆ瘮浜?/p>
1/
V
m
2
锛?/p>
( 4 )
姝ｆ瘮浜?/p>
1/
V
m
銆?/p>
11
銆?/p>
宸茬煡鍙嶅簲
H
2
(g) +
1
2
O
2
(g) == H
2
O(g)
鐨勬爣鍑嗘懇灏斿弽搴旂創涓?/p>
飦?/p>
r
H
(
T
)
锛?/p>
涓嬪垪璇存硶涓笉姝ｇ‘鐨?/p>
鏄細
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
銆?/p>
锛?/p>
1
锛?/p>
飦?/p>
r
H
(
T
)
鏄?/p>
H
2
O(g)
鐨勬爣鍑嗘懇灏旂敓鎴愮創锛?/p>
锛?/p>
2
锛?/p>
飦?/p>
r
H
(
T
)
鏄?/p>
H
2
O(g)
鐨勬爣鍑嗘懇灏旂噧鐑х創锛?/p>
锛?/p>
3
锛?/p>
飦?/p>
r
H
(
T
)
鏄礋鍊硷紱
锛?/p>
4
锛?/p>
飦?/p>
r
H
(
T
)
涓庡弽搴旂殑
飦?/p>
r
U
鏁板�间笉绛夈�?/p>
12
銆?/p>
宸茬煡鍦?/p>
T
1
鍒?/p>
T
2
鐨勬俯搴﹁寖鍥村唴鏌愬寲瀛﹀弽搴旀墍瀵瑰簲鐨勨垜
飦?/p>
B
C
p
, m
(B) > 0
锛?/p>
鍒欏湪璇ユ俯搴﹁寖