涓夈�佸挨閲?/p>
路
濂堣揪鍜屼粬鐨勭炕璇戠悊璁?/p>
1
锛庡杈剧炕璇戠悊璁烘杩?/p>
灏ら噾
路
濂堣揪
(Eugene
A
锛?/p>
Nida)
鐞嗚鐨勬牳蹇冩�濇兂鏄?/p>
鈥?/p>
鍔熻兘瀵圭瓑
鈥?functional
equivalence)
銆傜畝鍗曡锛屽姛鑳藉绛夊氨鏄璁╄瘧鏂囧拰鍘熸枃鍦ㄨ瑷�鐨勫姛鑳戒笂瀵圭瓑锛岃�?/p>
涓嶆槸鍦ㄨ瑷�鐨勫舰寮忎笂瀵瑰簲銆備粬鎶婂姛鑳藉垎鎴愪節绫烩憼
[
鍦?/p>
From
One
Language
to
Another
涓紝濂堣揪灏嗚瑷�鐨勫姛鑳藉垎鎴?/p>
9
绫伙紝鍗宠〃鐜板姛鑳?/p>
(expressive)
銆佽璇嗗姛鑳?/p>
(cognitive)
銆?/p>
浜?/p>
闄?/p>
鍔?/p>
鑳?/p>
(interpersonal)
銆?/p>
淇?/p>
鎭?/p>
鍔?/p>
鑳?/p>
(informative)
銆?/p>
绁?/p>
浣?/p>
鍔?/p>
鑳?/p>
(imperative)
銆佽涓哄姛鑳?/p>
(performative)
銆佹儏鎰熷姛鑳?/p>
(emotive)
銆?/p>
瀹＄編鍔熻兘
(aesthetic)
鍜岃嚜鎴戣В閲婂姛鑳?/p>
(metalingual)
銆?/p>
鍦ㄥ杈剧湅鏉ワ紝缈昏瘧灏辨槸瑕佸湪鎺ュ彈璇腑浠ユ渶鑷劧鐨勬柟寮忛噸鐜板師鏂囦腑鐨勪俊鎭紝
棣栧厛鏄噸鐜版剰涔夛紝鐒跺悗鏄鏍笺�傛渶濂界殑缈昏瘧璇昏捣鏉ュ簲璇ヤ笉鍍忕炕璇戙�傝璁╁師鏂囧拰
璇戞枃瀵圭瓑灏卞繀椤讳娇璇戞枃鑷劧锛岃�岃杈惧埌杩欎釜鐩爣灏卞繀椤绘憜鑴卞師鏂囪瑷�缁撴瀯瀵硅瘧
鑰呯殑鏉熺細銆傜炕璇戝簲閬垮厤
鈥?/p>
缈昏瘧鑵?/p>
鈥?translationese)
銆傚杈炬彁鍑轰簡缈昏瘧瑕佽揪鍒扮殑涓嶆槸
璇█鐨勫绛夛紝鑰屾槸璇█鍔熻兘鐨勫绛夛紝鏄鑰呭績鐞嗗弽搴旂殑瀵圭瓑銆?/p>
濂堣揪浠庡嚑涓柟闈㈢瀛﹀湴鎻忓啓浜嗗姛鑳藉绛夌殑鍏蜂綋鍐呭銆傝繖閲屽皢浠栫殑鐞嗚绠�鍗曞湴姒?
鎷垚涓変釜閮ㄥ垎锛氣憼鎶涘純浼犵粺鐨勮瘝鎬ф蹇碉紱鈶￠噰鐢ㄦ牳蹇冨彞
(kernel
sentence)
鐨勬蹇?/p>
浠ュ強鍙ュ瓙杞崲鐨勬蹇靛厠鏈嶅彞娉曞璇戣�呯殑鏉熺細锛涒憿鐢ㄥ悓鏋勪綋鐨勭悊璁?/p>
(isomorphism)
鏉ュ厠鏈嶇ぞ浼氭枃鍖栧樊寮傛墍閫犳垚鐨勯殰纰嶃�傜幇鍦ㄥ垎杩板涓嬨�?/p>
浜斻�佸杈句笌绾介┈鍏嬬炕璇戠悊璁烘瘮杈?/p>
涓�銆佸挨閲?/p>
路
濂堣揪鐨勭炕璇戠悊璁?/p>
缁艰濂堣揪鐨勭炕璇戞�濇兂锛屽彲浠ュ垎涓轰笁涓笉鍚岀殑鍙戝睍闃舵锛屽嵆鏃╂湡甯︽湁鏄庢樉鐨?