鍒濅腑鏁板鐭ヨ瘑鐐瑰叏鎬荤粨锛堝畬缇庢墦鍗扮増锛?/p>
鏈夌悊鏁?/p>
涓�銆佺煡璇嗘鏋?/p>
浜岋紟鐭ヨ瘑姒傚康
1.
鏈夌悊鏁帮細
(1)
鍑¤兘鍐欐垚褰㈠紡鐨勬暟锛?/p>
閮芥槸鏈夌悊鏁?/p>
.
姝ｆ暣鏁般�?/p>
0
銆?/p>
璐熸暣鏁扮粺绉版暣鏁帮紱
姝ｅ垎鏁般�?/p>
璐熷垎鏁扮粺绉板垎鏁帮紱
鏁存暟鍜屽垎鏁扮粺绉版湁鐞嗘暟
.
娉ㄦ剰锛?/p>
0
鍗充笉鏄鏁帮紝涔熶笉鏄礋鏁帮紱
-a
涓嶄竴瀹氭槸璐熸暟锛?/p>
+a
涔熶笉涓�瀹?/p>
鏄鏁帮紱
?
涓嶆槸鏈夌悊鏁帮紱
(2)
鏈夌悊鏁扮殑鍒嗙被
:
鈶?/p>
鈶?/p>
2
锛庢暟杞达細鏁拌酱鏄瀹氫簡鍘熺偣銆佹鏂瑰悜銆佸崟浣嶉暱搴︾殑涓�鏉＄洿绾?/p>
.
3
锛庣浉鍙嶆暟锛?/p>
(1)
鍙湁绗﹀彿涓嶅悓鐨勪袱涓暟锛屾垜浠鍏朵腑涓�涓槸鍙︿竴涓殑鐩稿弽鏁帮紱
0
鐨勭浉鍙嶆暟杩樻槸
0
锛?/p>
(2)
鐩稿弽鏁扮殑鍜屼负
0 ? a+b=0 ? a
銆?/p>
b
浜掍负鐩稿弽鏁?/p>
.
4.
缁濆鍊硷細
(1)
姝ｆ暟鐨勭粷瀵瑰�兼槸鍏舵湰韬紝
0
鐨勭粷瀵瑰�兼槸
0
锛岃礋鏁扮殑缁濆鍊兼槸瀹冪殑鐩稿弽鏁帮紱娉ㄦ剰锛氱粷瀵瑰�肩殑
鎰忎箟鏄暟杞翠笂琛ㄧず鏌愭暟鐨勭偣绂诲紑鍘熺偣鐨勮窛绂伙紱
(2)
缁濆鍊煎彲琛ㄧず涓猴細鎴?/p>
锛涚粷瀵瑰�肩殑闂缁忓父鍒嗙被璁ㄨ锛?/p>
5.
鏈夌悊鏁版瘮澶у皬锛?/p>
锛?/p>
1
锛夋鏁扮殑缁濆鍊艰秺澶э紝杩欎釜鏁拌秺澶э紱
锛?/p>
2
锛夋鏁版案杩滄瘮
0
澶э紝璐熸暟姘歌繙姣?/p>
0
灏忥紱
锛?/p>
3
锛夋鏁板ぇ浜庝竴鍒囪礋鏁帮紱
锛?/p>
4
锛変袱涓礋鏁版瘮澶у皬锛岀粷瀵瑰�煎ぇ鐨勫弽鑰屽皬锛?/p>
锛?/p>
5
锛夋暟杞翠笂鐨勪袱
涓暟锛屽彸杈圭殑鏁版�绘瘮宸﹁竟鐨勬暟澶э紱
锛?/p>
6
锛夊ぇ鏁?/p>
-
灏忔暟
锛?/p>
0
锛屽皬鏁?/p>
-
澶ф暟
锛?/p>
0.
6.
浜掍负鍊掓暟锛氫箻绉负
1
鐨勪袱涓暟浜掍负鍊掓暟锛涙敞鎰忥細
0
娌℃湁鍊掓暟锛涜嫢
a
鈮?/p>
0
锛岄偅涔堢殑鍊掓暟鏄紱鑻?/p>
ab=1? a
銆?/p>
b
浜掍负鍊掓暟锛涜嫢
ab=-1? a
銆?/p>
b
浜掍负璐熷�掓暟
.
7.
鏈夌悊鏁板姞娉曟硶鍒欙細
锛?/p>
1
锛夊悓鍙蜂袱鏁扮浉鍔狅紝鍙栫浉鍚岀殑绗﹀彿锛屽苟鎶婄粷瀵瑰�肩浉鍔狅紱
锛?/p>
2
锛夊紓鍙蜂袱鏁扮浉鍔狅紝鍙栫粷瀵瑰�艰緝澶х殑绗﹀彿锛屽苟鐢ㄨ緝澶х殑缁濆鍊煎噺鍘昏緝灏忕殑缁濆鍊硷紱
锛?/p>
3
锛変竴涓暟涓?/p>
0
鐩稿姞锛屼粛寰楄繖涓暟
.
8
锛庢湁鐞嗘暟鍔犳硶鐨勮繍绠楀緥锛?/p>
锛?/p>
1
锛夊姞娉曠殑浜ゆ崲寰嬶細
a+b=b+a
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
2
锛夊姞娉曠殑缁撳悎寰嬶細
锛?/p>
a+b
锛?/p>
+c=a+
锛?/p>
b+c
锛?/p>
.
9
锛庢湁鐞嗘暟鍑忔硶娉曞垯锛氬噺鍘讳竴涓暟锛岀瓑浜庡姞涓婅繖涓暟鐨勭浉鍙嶆暟锛涘嵆
a-b=a+
锛?/p>
-b
锛?/p>
.
10
鏈夌悊鏁颁箻娉曟硶鍒欙細
锛?/p>
1
锛変袱鏁扮浉涔橈紝鍚屽彿涓烘锛屽紓鍙蜂负璐燂紝骞舵妸缁濆鍊肩浉涔橈紱
锛?/p>
2
锛変换浣曟暟鍚岄浂鐩镐箻閮藉緱闆讹紱
锛?/p>
3
锛夊嚑涓暟鐩镐箻锛屾湁涓�涓洜寮忎负闆讹紝绉负闆讹紱鍚勪釜鍥犲紡閮戒笉涓洪浂锛岀Н鐨勭鍙风敱璐熷洜寮忕殑涓?/p>
鏁板喅瀹?/p>
.
11
鏈夌悊鏁颁箻娉曠殑杩愮畻寰嬶細
锛?/p>
1
锛変箻娉曠殑浜ゆ崲寰嬶細
ab=ba
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
2
锛変箻娉曠殑缁撳悎寰嬶細
锛?/p>
ab
锛?/p>
c=a
锛?/p>
bc
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
3
锛変箻娉曠殑鍒嗛厤寰嬶細
a
锛?/p>
b+c
锛?/p>
=ab+ac .
12
锛庢湁鐞嗘暟闄ゆ硶娉曞垯锛氶櫎浠ヤ竴涓暟绛変簬涔樹互杩欎釜鏁扮殑鍊掓暟锛涙敞鎰忥細闆朵笉鑳藉仛闄ゆ暟锛?/p>
.
13
锛庢湁鐞嗘暟涔樻柟鐨勬硶鍒欙細
锛?/p>
1
锛夋鏁扮殑浠讳綍娆″箓閮芥槸姝ｆ暟锛?/p>
锛?/p>
2
锛夎礋鏁扮殑濂囨骞傛槸璐熸暟锛涜礋鏁扮殑鍋舵骞傛槸姝ｆ暟锛涙敞鎰忥細褰?/p>
n
涓烘濂囨暟鏃?/p>
:
(-a)n=-an
鎴?/p>
(a
-b)n=-(b-a)n ,
褰?/p>
n
涓烘鍋舵暟鏃?/p>
: (-a)n =an
鎴?/p>
(a-b)n=(b-a)n .