1
鍖椾含鍖栧伐澶у
2013
鈥?/p>
鈥?/p>
2014
瀛﹀勾绗竴瀛︽湡
銆婂寲宸ョ儹鍔涘銆嬫湡鏈�冭瘯璇曞嵎
(
鍙傝�冪瓟妗堥檮璇勫垎鏍囧噯
)
璇剧▼浠ｇ爜
C
H
E
3
3
5
0
0
T
鐝骇锛?/p>
濮撳悕锛?/p>
瀛﹀彿锛?/p>
浠昏鏁欏笀锛?/p>
鍒嗘暟锛?/p>
棰樺彿
涓�
浜?/p>
涓?/p>
鍥?/p>
浜?/p>
鍏?/p>
鎬诲垎
寰楀垎
涓�銆?/p>
锛?/p>
2
飩?/p>
7=14
鍒嗭級姝ｈ棰橈紙姝ｇ‘鐨勭敾鈼嬶紝閿欒鐨勭敾脳锛屾爣鍦?/p>
[ ]
涓級
锛?/p>
脳
锛芥柟绋?/p>
dH=TdS+VdP
浠呰兘鐢ㄤ簬鍙�嗚繃绋嬨�?/p>
锛?/p>
脳
锛藉浜庣悊鎯虫憾娑诧紝娣峰悎杩囩▼鐨勬墍鏈夋�ц川鍙樺寲鍧囦负闆躲�?/p>
锛?/p>
鈼?/p>
锛界悊鎯虫皵浣撶粡缁濈儹鍘嬬缉鍚庡啀鍐峰嵈鑷冲垵濮嬫俯搴︼紝鍗充娇璇ヨ繃绋嬩笉鍙�嗭紝鍏跺彇璧扮殑鐑噺涔熺瓑
浜庡帇缂╂満鎵�鍋氱殑鍔燂紙蹇界暐娴佷綋鍔ㄨ兘涓庝綅鑳界殑鍙樺寲锛?/p>
銆?/p>
锛?/p>
脳
锛芥贩鍚堢墿涓粍鍒嗙殑閫稿害绯绘暟鍊间笌鍏舵爣鍑嗘�佺殑閫夊彇鏈夊叧銆?/p>
锛?/p>
鈼?/p>
锛界悊鎯虫皵浣撶殑娣峰悎鐗╂槸鐞嗘兂婧舵恫锛岀鍚?/p>
Lewis-Randall
瑙勫垯銆?/p>
锛?/p>
鈼?/p>
锛芥棤璁烘恫鎬佹按鐨勬俯搴﹂珮浜庢垨浣庝簬鐜娓╁害锛屽叾
鍊奸兘澶т簬闆躲�?/p>
锛?/p>
鈼?/p>
锛藉寲瀛﹀弽搴斿钩琛″父鏁?/p>
K
涓庡帇鍔涙棤鍏炽�?/p>
[
娉?/p>
]
鐢?/p>
鈭?/p>
琛ㄧず姝ｇ‘鑰呮殏涓嶆墸鍒?/p>
浜屻�?/p>
锛?/p>
5
飩?/p>
3=15
鍒嗭級绠�绛旈锛堢畝鏄庢壖瑕侊紝鍐欏湪浠ヤ笅绌虹櫧澶勶級
1.
鍦ㄧ儹鍔涘涓负浣曡寮曞叆娣峰悎瑙勫垯锛熷垪鍑轰袱绉嶅父瑙佺殑娣峰悎瑙勫垯銆?/p>
銆愯В銆?/p>
灏嗘贩鍚堢墿瑙嗕负铏氭嫙绾墿璐紝
灏卞彲浠ユ部鐢ㄧ函鐗╄川鐨勭姸鎬佹柟绋嬶紝
鑰屽叾铏氭嫙鍙傛暟涓庣粍鎴愭湁鍏筹紝
闇�瑕侀�氳繃娣峰悎瑙勫垯瀹炵幇銆?/p>
锛?/p>
鐐瑰嚭铏氭嫙绾墿璐紝璇剰閫氶『鑰呯粰
3
鍒?/p>
锛?/p>
甯歌鐨勬贩鍚堣鍒欏锛?/p>
m
i
j
ij
i
j
a
y
y
a
飥?/p>
飪ワ儱
锛?/p>
m
i
i
i
b
y
b
飥?/p>
飪?/p>
锛?/p>
姣忛」缁?/p>
1
鍒嗭紝鍙笉闄愪簬涓婅堪褰㈠紡锛屼负缁?
鎴愬拰绾墿璐ㄥ弬鏁扮殑鍑芥暟鍗冲彲銆傜瓟
Kay
瑙勫垯涓柟绋嬩害鍙�?/p>
锛?/p>
2.
涓嬪浘绀烘剰浜嗙函缁勫垎浣撶郴娌跨瓑鍘嬬嚎鍙戠敓姹芥恫鐩稿彉鏃剁殑
V-T
鍥撅紝璇曠敾鍑哄搴旂殑
G-T
绀烘剰鍥撅紝
娉ㄦ剰鏂滅巼鐨勬璐熶笌鐩稿澶у皬锛屽苟璇存槑浣犵殑鏍规嵁銆?/p>
銆愯В銆戝浘褰㈡纭苟鏍囧嚭濡備笅鐗瑰緛鑰呯粰
5
鍒嗭紙
鐗圭偣
1
缁?/p>
1
鍒嗭紝
2-3
鍚?/p>
2
鍒嗭紝鏈纭鏄庢牴鎹�?/p>
鎵?/p>
1-2
鍒嗭紱鏈爣鍑虹壒鐐?/p>
4
鑰呬笉鎵ｅ垎锛?/p>
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
1.
娌哥偣澶?/p>
G
鐩哥瓑
,
锛?/p>
G
l
=G
v
锛?/p>