鐩愮被鐨勬按瑙?/p>
1.
浜嗚В鐩愮被姘磋В鐨勫師鐞嗐�?/p>
2.
浜嗚В褰卞搷鐩愮被姘磋В绋嬪害鐨勪富瑕佸洜绱犮�?/p>
3.
浜嗚В鐩愮被姘磋В鐨勫簲鐢ㄣ�?/p>
(
涓
)
鐩愮被姘磋В鐨勫師鐞?/p>
1
锛庡畾涔?/p>
鍦ㄦ憾娑蹭腑鐩愮數绂诲嚭鏉ョ殑绂诲瓙璺熸按鐢电浜х敓鐨?/p>
H
锛?/p>
鎴?/p>
OH
锛?
缁撳悎鐢熸垚寮辩數瑙ｈ川鐨勫弽搴斻�?/p>
2
锛庡疄璐?/p>
鈥?/p>
鈫?/p>
c(H
锛?/p>
)
鈮?/p>
c(OH
锛?
)
鈥?/p>
鈫掓憾娑插憟纰辨�ф垨閰告�?/p>
3
锛庣壒鐐?/p>
4
锛庢按瑙ｈ寰?/p>
鏈夊急鎵嶆按瑙ｏ紝瓒婂急瓒婃按瑙ｏ紱璋佸己鏄捐皝鎬э紝鍚屽己鏄句腑鎬с�?/p>
鐩愮殑绫诲瀷
瀹炰緥
鏄惁姘磋В
姘磋В鐨勭瀛?/p>
婧舵恫鐨勯吀纰辨�?/p>
寮洪吀寮虹⒈鐩?/p>
NaCl
銆?/p>
KNO
3
鍚?/p>
涓�?/p>
寮洪吀寮辩⒈鐩?/p>
NH
4
Cl
銆?/p>
Cu(NO
3
)
2
鏄?/p>
NH
锛?/p>
4
銆?/p>
Cu
2
锛?
閰告�?/p>
寮遍吀寮虹⒈鐩?/p>
CH
3
COONa
銆?/p>
Na
2
CO
3
鏄?/p>
CH
3
COO
锛?/p>
銆?/p>
CO
2
锛?
3
纰辨�?/p>
5.
姘磋В绂诲瓙鏂圭▼寮忕殑涔﹀啓
(1)
涔﹀啓鐩愮被姘磋В鏂圭▼寮忎竴鑸鐢ㄢ�?/p>
鈥濆彿杩炴帴锛屼骇鐗╀笉鏍団�溾啈鈥濇垨鈥溾啌鈥濓紝鍏朵竴鑸舰寮忎负锛氬急绂诲瓙
锛嬫按
寮遍吀
(
寮辩⒈
)
锛?/p>
OH
锛?/p>
(H
锛?
)
銆傝嫢姘磋В绋嬪害杈冨ぇ锛屼功鍐欐椂瑕佺敤鈥?/p>
==
=鈥濄�佲�溾啈鈥濇垨鈥溾啌鈥濓紝濡?/p>
NaHCO
3
涓?/p>
AlCl
3
娣峰悎娑茬殑鍙嶅簲绂诲瓙鏂圭▼寮忎负锛?/p>
3HCO
锛?/p>
3
锛?/p>
Al
3
锛?
===Al(OH)
3
鈫擄紜
3CO
2
鈫戙�?/p>
(2)
涓�鑸洂绫绘按瑙ｇ▼搴﹀緢灏忥紝姘磋В浜х墿娴撳害寰堝皬锛屽鏋滀骇鐗╂槗鍒嗚В
(
濡?/p>
NH
3
路
H
2
O
銆?/p>
H
2
CO
3
)
涔熶笉鍐欐垚鍏跺垎瑙ｄ骇鐗?/p>
鐨勫舰寮忥紝濡傦細
NH
4
Cl
鐨勬按瑙ｇ瀛愭柟绋嬪紡锛?/p>
NH
锛?
4
锛?/p>
H
2
O
NH
3
路
H
2
O
锛?/p>
H
锛?
銆?/p>
(3)
澶氬厓寮遍吀鐩愮殑姘磋В鍒嗘杩涜锛屼互绗竴姝ヤ负涓伙紝涓�鑸彧鍐欑涓�姝ユ按瑙ｇ殑绂诲瓙鏂圭▼寮忥紝濡?/p>
Na
2
CO
3
鐨勬按瑙ｇ瀛?
鏂圭▼寮忥細
CO
2
锛?/p>
3
锛?/p>
H
2
O
HCO
锛?/p>
3
锛?/p>
OH
锛?
銆?/p>
(4)
澶氬厓寮辩⒈闃崇瀛愮殑姘磋В鏂圭▼寮忎竴姝ュ啓瀹岋紝濡?/p>
FeCl
3
鐨勬按瑙ｇ瀛愭柟绋嬪紡锛?/p>
Fe
3
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
3H
2
O
Fe(OH)
3
锛?/p>
3H
锛?
銆?/p>
鐩愮被姘磋В鐨勫奖鍝嶅洜绱?/p>
1
锛庡唴鍥?/p>
閰告垨纰辫秺寮憋紝鍏跺搴旂殑寮遍吀鏍圭瀛愭垨寮辩⒈闃崇瀛愮殑姘磋В绋嬪害瓒婂ぇ锛屾憾娑茬殑纰辨�ф垨閰告�ц秺寮恒�?/p>
2
锛庡鍥?/p>
鍥?/p>
绱?/p>
姘磋В骞宠
姘磋В绋嬪害
姘磋В浜х敓绂诲瓙鐨勬祿搴?/p>
娓╁害
鍗囬珮
鍙崇Щ
澧炲ぇ
澧炲ぇ
娴撳害
澧炲ぇ
鍙崇Щ
鍑忓皬
澧炲ぇ
鍑忓皬
鍙崇Щ
澧炲ぇ
鍑忓皬
澶栧姞閰哥⒈
閰?/p>
寮遍吀鏍圭瀛愮殑姘磋В绋嬪害澧炲ぇ锛?/p>
寮辩⒈闃崇瀛愮殑姘磋В绋嬪害鍑忓皬