涓汉鏀堕泦鏁寸悊
浠呬緵鍙傝�冨涔?/p>
1
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20
绗洓绔?/p>
鐞嗘兂姘斾綋鐨勭儹鍔涜繃绋?/p>
涓�銆佺洰鐨勫強瑕佹眰锛?/p>
鎺屾彙鍥涚鍩烘湰鐑姏杩囩▼鐨勫垵缁堟�佺姸鎬佸弬鏁扮殑璁＄畻锛?/p>
鎺屾彙褰撶悊鎯虫皵浣撶粡鍘嗘煇涓�鐑姏杩囩▼鍚庣郴缁熶笌
澶栫晫鎵�浜ゆ崲鐨勭儹閲忓強鍔熼噺鐨勮绠椼�?/p>
鎺屾彙澶氬彉杩囩▼鐨勭浉鍏抽噺鐨勮绠椼�?/p>
浼氬埄鐢ㄧ粰瀹氱殑宸茬煡鏉′欢鍦ㄥ潗鏍囧浘
涓婂畾鎬х殑鐢诲嚭鐩稿簲鐨勮繃绋嬫洸绾裤�?/p>
璧勬枡涓汉鏀堕泦鏁寸悊锛屽嬁鍋氬晢涓氱敤閫?/p>
浜屻�佸唴瀹癸細
4.1
鐮旂┒鐞嗘兂姘斾綋鐨勭洰鐨勫強涓�鑸柟娉?/p>
4.2
瀹氬杩囩▼銆佸畾鍘嬭繃绋嬨�佸畾娓╄繃绋嬨�佺粷鐑繃绋嬪強澶氬彉杩囩▼
4.3
杩囩▼鏇茬嚎鍦ㄧ浉搴旂殑鍧愭爣鍥句笂鐨勮〃绀恒�?/p>
涓夈�侀噸鐐瑰強闅剧偣锛?/p>
4.1
鐔熺粌鎺屾彙
5
绉嶅熀鏈繃绋嬶紙瀹氬杩囩▼銆佸畾鍘嬭繃绋嬨�佸畾娓╄繃绋嬨�佺粷鐑繃绋嬪強澶氬彉杩囩▼锛夌殑鍒?/p>
缁堟�佸熀鏈姸鎬佸弬鏁?/p>
p
銆?/p>
v
銆?/p>
T
涔嬮棿鐨勫叧绯汇�?/p>
璧勬枡涓汉鏀堕泦鏁寸悊锛屽嬁鍋氬晢涓氱敤閫?/p>
4.2
鐔熺粌鎺屾彙褰撳伐璐ㄧ粡鍘嗕簡
4
绉嶅熀鏈繃绋嬩互鍙婂鍙樿繃绋嬭繃绋嬬郴缁熶笌澶栫晫浜ゆ崲鐨勭儹閲忋�佸姛閲忕殑
璁＄畻銆?/p>
4.3
鑳藉皢鍚勮繃绋嬭〃绀哄湪
p
锛?/p>
v
鍥惧拰
T
锛?/p>
s
鍥句笂锛屽苟鑳芥纭湴搴旂敤
p
锛?/p>
v
鍥惧拰
T
锛?/p>
s
鍥惧垽鏂繃绋嬬殑
鐗圭偣锛屽嵆鈻?/p>
u
锛屸柍
h
锛?/p>
q
鍙?/p>
w
绛夌殑姝ｈ礋鍊笺�?/p>
璧勬枡涓汉鏀堕泦鏁寸悊锛屽嬁鍋氬晢涓氱敤閫?/p>
鍥涖�佷富瑕佸璇瘝姹囷細
thermodynamic
Process,
isometric
process,
isobaric
process,
isothermal
process,
adiabatic
process,
isentropic process, polytropic
process
璧勬枡涓汉鏀堕泦鏁寸悊锛屽嬁鍋氬晢涓氱敤閫?/p>
浜斻�佹湰绔犺妭閲囩敤澶氬獟浣撹浠?/p>
鍏�佸涔犳�濊�冮鍙婁綔涓氾細
鎬濊�冮锛?/p>
1
銆佸湪瀹氬杩囩▼鍜屽畾鍘嬭繃绋嬩腑锛屾皵浣撶殑鐑噺鍙牴鎹繃绋嬩腑姘斾綋鐨勬瘮鐑涔樹互娓╁樊鏉ヨ绠椼�傚畾娓?/p>
杩囩▼姘斾綋鐨勬俯搴︿笉鍙橈紝鍦ㄥ畾娓╄啫鑳�杩囩▼涓槸鍚﹂渶瀵规皵浣撳姞鍏ョ儹閲忥紵濡傛灉鍔犲叆鐨勮瘽搴斿浣曡绠楋紵
璧勬枡
涓汉鏀堕泦鏁寸悊锛屽嬁鍋氬晢涓氱敤閫?/p>
2
銆佷换浣曞畾娓╄繃绋嬮兘鏈?/p>
飦?/p>
u
=0,
飦?/p>
h
=0
锛熷浜庣悊鎯虫皵浣撳浣曪紵
3
銆佺粷鐑繃绋嬶紝宸ヨ川鐨勬俯搴﹂兘涓嶅彉锛熷弽涔嬫俯搴︿竴瀹氬彉锛?/p>
4
銆佷粠鍚屼竴鍒濇�侊紝鍒嗗埆缁忓巻绛夋俯杩囩▼銆佺瓑鐔佃繃绋嬪強
n=1.2
杩囩▼锛岃兘鍚﹀埌杈惧悓涓�缁堟�侊紵
5
銆佷竴灏侀棴绯荤粡鏌愬彲閫嗗惛鐑澶栦綔鍔燂紝闂兘鍚︾敤涓�鍙�嗙粷鐑繃绋嬩娇绯荤粺鍥炲埌鍒濇�?/p>
6
銆佸湪
p-v
鍙?/p>
T-s
鍥句笂濡備綍鍒ゆ柇杩囩▼涓殑
q
銆?/p>
w
銆?/p>
飦?/p>
u
銆?/p>
飦?/p>
h
鐨勬璐燂紵
浣滀笟锛?/p>