1
鏍搁吀鐨勭粨鏋勪笌鍔熻兘
涓�銆?/p>
鍚嶈瘝瑙ｉ噴
1
銆佺敓鐗╁寲瀛︼細鏄繍鐢?/p>
鍖栧鍘熺悊
鍜?/p>
鏂规硶
锛岀爺绌剁敓鍛芥湁鏈轰綋鍖栧缁勬垚鍜屽寲瀛﹀彉鍖栫殑绉戝锛屽嵆鐮旂┒鐢熷懡
娲诲姩
鍖栧鏈川
鐨勫绉戙�?/p>
锛堣繍鐢紝鐮旂┒锛岀瀛︼紝瀛︾锛?/p>
2
銆?/p>
DNA
涓�绾х粨鏋勶細
鐢?/p>
鏁伴噺鏋佸叾搴炲ぇ鐨?/p>
鍥涚鑴辨哀鐨勫崟鏍歌嫹閰?/p>
鎸夌収涓�瀹氱殑
椤哄簭
锛屼互
3
鈥?/p>
,5
鈥诧紞纾烽吀浜?/p>
閰敭
褰兼杩炴帴鑰屽舰鎴愮殑绾垮舰鎴栫幆褰?/p>
澶氭牳鑻烽吀閾?/p>
銆?/p>
3
銆佸鑹叉晥搴旓細鍚?/p>
DNA
鍜?/p>
RNA
鐨勬憾娑?/p>
缁忓彉鎬ф垨闄嶈В鍚?/p>
瀵圭传澶栫嚎鍚告敹鐨勫鍔犮�傛槸鐢变簬
纰卞熀涔嬮棿鐢靛瓙
鐨勭浉浜掍綔鐢?/p>
鐨勬敼鍙樻墍鑷达紝閫氬父鍦?/p>
260nm
娴嬮噺銆?/p>
4
銆佸噺鑹叉晥搴旓細涓�绉嶅惈鏈?/p>
DNA
鎴?/p>
RNA
鐨勬憾娑蹭笌鍚?/p>
鍙樻�ф牳閰告垨闄嶈В鏍搁吀
鐨勭浉鍚屾憾娑茬浉姣旇緝锛屽叾绱
绾垮惛鏀朵负浣庛�傛槸鐢变簬
DNA
鍙?/p>
铻烘棆缁撴瀯
浣跨⒈鍩哄
鐨?/p>
蟺
鐢靛瓙浜戝彂鐢熼噸鍙?/p>
锛屽洜鑰屽噺灏戜簡瀵圭传澶栫嚎鐨勫惛
鏀躲�?/p>
5
銆?/p>
DNA
鐨勫彉鎬э細鎸囨牳閰稿弻铻烘棆鐨勬阿閿?/p>
鏂
锛屽彉鎴?/p>
鍗?/p>
閾撅紝骞朵笉娑夊強鍏变环閿殑鏂銆?/p>
6
銆?/p>
DNA
鐨勫鎬э細
鍙樻�?/p>
DNA
鍦ㄩ�傚綋鏉′欢涓嬶紝鍙堝彲浣?/p>
涓ゆ潯褰兼鍒嗗紑鐨勯摼
閲嶆柊
缂斿悎鎴愪负鍙岃灪鏃嬬粨鏋?/p>
锛?/p>
鍏ㄨ繃绋嬩负澶嶆�с�?/p>
鐑彉鎬у悗鐨勫鎬у張绉颁负
閫�鐏�?/p>
7
銆佹牳閰稿垎瀛愭潅浜わ細
搴旂敤鏍搁吀鍒嗗瓙鐨勫彉鎬у拰澶嶆�?/p>
鐨勬�ц川锛?/p>
浣?/p>
鏉ユ簮涓嶅悓鐨?/p>
DNA
锛堟垨
RNA
锛夌墖鏂?/p>
鎸夌⒈
鍩轰簰琛ュ叧绯?/p>
褰㈡垚
鏉備氦鍙岄摼
鍒嗗瓙锛岃繖涓�杩囩▼绉颁负鏍搁吀鐨勫垎瀛愭潅浜ゃ�?/p>
8
銆佺啍瑙ｆ俯搴︼細
DNA
鍙樻�х殑鐗圭偣鏄垎鍙戝紡鐨勶紝鍙樻�т綔鐢ㄥ彂鐢熷湪涓�涓緢绐勭殑娓╁害鑼冨洿鍐呫�傞�氬父鎶婄儹鍙?/p>
鎬ц繃绋嬩腑鍏夊惛鏀惰揪鍒版渶澶у惛鏀讹紙瀹屽叏鍙樻�э級涓�鍗婏紙鍙岃灪鏃嬬粨鏋勫け鍘讳竴鍗婏級鏃剁殑娓╁害绉颁负璇?/p>
DNA
鐨?/p>
鐔旂偣鎴栫啍瑙ｆ俯搴︼紙
melting temperature
锛?/p>
锛岀敤
tm
琛ㄧず銆?/p>
9
銆?/p>
Chargaff
瀹氬緥锛?/p>
鎵�鏈?/p>
DNA
涓?/p>
鑵哄槍鍛や笌鑳歌吅鍢у暥鐨?/p>
鎽╁皵鍚噺鐩哥瓑
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
A
锛?/p>
T
锛?/p>
锛岄笩鍢屽懁鍜岃優鍢у暥鐨?/p>
鎽╁皵鍚噺鐩哥瓑
锛?/p>
G
锛?/p>
C
锛?/p>
锛屽嵆鍢屽懁鐨勬�诲惈閲忎笌鍢у暥鐨勬�诲惈閲忕浉绛夛紙
A
锛?/p>
G
锛?/p>
T
锛?/p>
C
锛?/p>
銆?/p>
DNA
鐨勭⒈鍩虹粍鎴?/p>
鍏锋湁
绉嶇殑鐗瑰紓鎬э紝浣嗘病鏈夌粍缁囧拰鍣ㄥ畼鐨勭壒寮傛�?/p>
銆傚彟澶?/p>
鐢熼暱鍙戣偛
闃舵銆?/p>
钀ュ吇鐘舵�?/p>
鍜?/p>
鐜鐨勬敼鍙?/p>
閮戒笉
褰卞搷
DNA
鐨勭⒈鍩虹粍鎴愩�?/p>
浜屻�佸～绌?/p>
1
銆佹牳閰稿畬鍏ㄧ殑姘磋В浜х墿鏄紙纰卞熀锛?/p>
銆?/p>
锛堟垔绯栵級鍜岋紙纾烽吀锛?/p>
銆傚叾涓紙纰卞熀锛夊張鍙垎涓猴紙鍢屽懁锛夌⒈鍜岋紙鍢?/p>
鍟讹級纰便�?/p>
2
銆?/p>
浣撳唴鐨勫槍鍛や富瑕佹湁
锛堣吅鍢屽懁锛?/p>
鍜?/p>
锛堥笩鍢屽懁锛?/p>
锛?/p>
鍢у暥纰变富瑕佹湁
锛堣優鍢у暥锛?/p>
銆?/p>
锛堣兏鑵哄槯鍟讹級
鍜?/p>
锛堝翱鍢у暥锛?/p>
銆?/p>
鏌愪簺
RNA
鍒嗗瓙涓繕鍚湁寰噺鐨勫叾瀹冪⒈鍩猴紝绉颁负锛堢█鏈夌⒈鍩猴級
銆?/p>
3
銆佸槍鍛ょ幆涓婄殑绗?/p>
锛?/p>
9
锛?/p>
浣嶆爱鍘熷瓙涓庢垔绯栫殑绗?/p>
1
浣嶇⒊鍘熷瓙鐩歌繛褰㈡垚
锛?/p>
N-C
绯栬嫹锛夐敭
锛岄�氳繃杩欑閿浉
杩炶�屾垚鐨勫寲鍚堢墿鍙紙鏍歌嫹锛?/p>
銆傚槯鍟剁⒈
鈥?/p>
1
锛?/p>
1
瑙佷功涓?/p>
P160
4
銆佷綋鍐呬袱绉嶄富瑕佺殑鐜牳鑻烽吀鏄紙
cAMP
锛夊拰锛?/p>
cGMP
锛?/p>
銆?/p>
<3
鈥?/p>
,5
鈥?/p>
-
鐜吅鑻烽吀锛?/p>
3
鈥?/p>
,5
鈥?/p>
-
鐜笩鑻烽吀
>
涔︿笂
160
5
銆佸啓鍑轰笅鍒楁牳鑻烽吀绗﹀彿鐨勪腑鏂囧悕绉帮細
ATP
锛堣吅鑻蜂笁纾烽吀锛?/p>
锛?/p>
dCDP
锛堣劚姘ц優鑻蜂簩纾烽吀锛?/p>
銆?/p>
6
銆?/p>
tRNA
鐨勪笁鍙惰崏鍨嬬粨鏋勪腑锛屽叾涓皑鍩洪吀鑷傜殑鍔熻兘鏄紙鎼哄甫娲诲寲姘ㄥ熀閰革級
锛屽弽瀵嗙爜鐜殑鍔熻兘鏄紙
涓?/p>
mRNA
妯℃澘涓婄殑
瀵嗙爜瀛?/p>
杩涜纰卞熀閰嶅鐨?/p>
涓撲竴鎬х殑璇嗗埆
锛?/p>
銆?/p>
7
銆佷袱绫绘牳閰稿湪缁嗚優涓殑鍒嗗竷涓嶅悓锛?/p>
DNA
涓昏浣嶄簬锛堢粏鑳炴牳锛変腑锛?/p>
RNA
涓昏浣嶄簬锛堢粏鑳炶川锛変腑銆?/p>
8
銆佹牳閰稿垎瀛愪腑鐨勭硸鑻烽敭鍧囦负锛?/p>
尾
锛夊瀷绯栬嫹閿�傜硸鐜笌纰卞熀涔嬮棿鐨勮繛閿负锛堢硸鑻凤級閿�傛牳鑻蜂笌鏍歌嫹涔?/p>
闂撮�氳繃锛?/p>
纾烽吀浜岄叝
锛夐敭杩炴帴褰㈡垚澶氳仛浣撱�?/p>
9
銆佹牳閰稿湪
260nm
闄勮繎鏈夊己鍚告敹锛岃繖鏄敱浜庯紙
鍦ㄥ槍鍛ょ⒈鍩哄拰鍢у暥纰卞熀涓瓨鍦ㄥ叡杞弻閿?/p>
锛?/p>
銆?/p>
10
銆佺粰鍔ㄧ墿椋熺敤
3
H
鏍囪鐨勶紙鑳歌吅鍢у暥锛?/p>
锛屽彲浣?/p>
DNA
甯︽湁鏀惧皠鎬э紝鑰?/p>
RNA
涓嶅甫鏀惧皠鎬с�?/p>
11
銆佸弻閾?/p>
DNA
涓嫢锛?/p>
G-C
瀵癸級鍚噺澶氾紝鍒?/p>
Tm
鍊奸珮銆?/p>