50
澶╂触澶у绗洓鐗堜範棰樿В绛?/p>
绗叚绔?/p>
鐩稿钩琛?/p>
6.1
鎸囧嚭涓嬪垪骞宠 绯荤粺涓殑缁勫垎鏁?/p>
C
,
鐩告暟
P
鍙婅嚜鐢卞害鏁?/p>
F
銆?/p>
(1) I
2
(s)
涓庡叾钂告皵鎴愬钩琛★紱
(2) MgCO
3
(s)
涓庡叾鍒嗚В浜х墿
MgO(s)
鍜?/p>
CO
2
(g)
鎴愬钩琛★紱
(3) NH
4
Cl(s)
鏀惧叆涓�鎶界┖鐨勫鍣ㄤ腑锛屼笌鍏跺垎瑙ｄ骇鐗?/p>
NH
3
(g)
鍜?/p>
HCl (g)
鎴愬钩琛★紱
(4)
鍙栦换鎰忛噺鐨?/p>
NH
3
(g)
鍜?/p>
H
2
S (g)
涓?/p>
NH
4
HS(g)
鎴愬钩琛★紱
(5)
杩囬噺鐨?/p>
NH
4
HCO
3
(s)
涓庡叾鍒嗚В浜х墿
NH
3
(g)
锛?/p>
H
2
O(g)
鍜?/p>
CO
2
(g)
鎴愬钩琛★紱
(6) I
2
浣滀负婧惰川鍦ㄤ袱涓嶄簰婧舵恫浣?/p>
H
2
O
鍜?/p>
CCl
4
涓揪鍒板垎閰嶅钩琛★紙鍑濊仛绯荤粺锛?/p>
銆?/p>
瑙ｏ細
锛?/p>
1
锛?/p>
C
=1
锛?/p>
P
=2
锛?/p>
2
1
F
C
P
飥?/p>
飥?/p>
飥?/p>
飥?/p>
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
2
锛?/p>
C
=2
锛?/p>
P
=3
锛?/p>
2
1
F
C
P
飥?/p>
飥?/p>
飥?/p>
飥?/p>
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
3
锛?/p>
C
=1
锛?/p>
P
=2
锛?/p>
2
1
F
C
P
飥?/p>
飥?/p>
飥?/p>
飥?/p>
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
4
锛?/p>
C
=2
锛?/p>
P
=2
锛?/p>
2
2
F
C
P
飥?/p>
飥?/p>
飥?/p>
飥?/p>
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
5
锛?/p>
C
=1
锛?/p>
P
=2
锛?/p>
2
1
F
C
P
飥?/p>
飥?/p>
飥?/p>
飥?/p>
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
6
锛?/p>
C
=3
锛?/p>
P
=2
锛?/p>
1
2
F
C
P
飥?/p>
飥?/p>
飥?/p>
飥?/p>
銆?/p>
6.2
甯歌鐨?/p>
Na
2
CO
3
(s)
姘村悎鐗╂湁
Na
2
CO
3
鈥?/p>
H
2
O (s)
锛?/p>
Na
2
CO
3
鈥?/p>
7H
2
O(s)
鍜?/p>
Na
2
CO
3
鈥?/p>
10H
2
O (s)
锛?/p>
1
锛?/p>
101.325kPa
涓嬶紝涓?/p>
Na
2
CO
3
姘存憾娑插強鍐板钩琛″叡瀛樼殑姘村悎鐗╂渶澶氳兘鏈夊嚑绉嶏紵
锛?/p>
2
锛?/p>
20
鈩冩椂锛屼笌姘磋捀姘斿钩琛″叡瀛樼殑姘村悎鐗╂渶澶氳兘鍙兘鏈夊嚑绉嶏紵
瑙ｏ細
S
=5
锛?/p>
R
=3
锛?/p>
R
'=0
锛?/p>
C
=
S
飥?/p>
R
飥?/p>
R
'=2
锛?/p>
F
=
C
飥?/p>
P
+1=3
飥?/p>
P
锛?/p>
F
mix
=0
锛?/p>
P
max
=3
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
1
锛夊凡鏈変袱鐩革紙姘存憾娑层�佸啺锛?/p>
锛屽彧鑳芥湁涓�绉嶆按鍚堢墿涓庡叾鍏卞瓨锛?/p>
锛?/p>
2
锛夊凡鏈変竴鐩革紙姘磋捀姘旓級
锛屾湁浜岀姘村悎鐗╀笌鍏跺叡瀛樸�?/p>
6.11
A-B
浜岀粍鍒嗘恫鎬侀儴鍒嗕簰婧剁郴缁熺殑娑?/p>
-
鍥哄钩琛＄浉鍥惧闄勫浘鎵�绀猴紝璇曟寚鍑哄悇涓」鍖虹殑
骞宠 鍏崇郴锛屽悇鏉＄嚎鎵�浠ｈ〃鐨勬剰涔夛紝浠ュ強涓夌浉绾挎墍浠ｈ〃鐨勫钩琛″叧绯汇�?/p>
瑙ｏ細鍗曠浉鍖猴細
1
锛?/p>
A
鍜?/p>
B
鐨勬贩鍚堟憾娑?/p>
l
锛?/p>
浜岀浉鍖猴細
2
锛?/p>
l
1
+ l
2
锛?/p>
3
锛?/p>
l
2
+ B(s)
锛?/p>
4
锛?/p>
l
1
+ A(s)
锛?/p>
5
锛?/p>
l
1
+ B(s)
锛?/p>
6
锛?/p>
A(s)+B(s)
鍚勬潯绾夸唬琛ㄧ殑鎰忎箟锛?/p>
LJ
锛?/p>
A
鐨勫嚌鍥虹偣闄嶄綆鏇茬嚎锛?/p>
JM
锛?/p>
B
鐨勫嚌鍥虹偣闄嶄綆鏇茬嚎锛?/p>
NV
锛?/p>
B
鐨勫嚌鍥虹偣闄嶄綆鏇茬嚎锛?/p>
MUN
锛氭恫娑茬浉浜掓憾瑙ｅ害鏇茬嚎銆?/p>
涓夌浉绾匡細
MNO
锛?/p>
l
1
+ B(s)
l
2
锛?/p>
IJK
锛?/p>
A(s)+B(s)
l
1
6.13
浣庢俯鏃跺浐鎬侀儴鍒嗕簰婧躲�?/p>
楂樻俯鏃跺浐鎬佸畬鍏ㄤ簰婧朵笖鍏锋湁
鏈�浣庣啍鐐圭殑
A-B
浜岀粍鍒嗗嚌鑱氱郴缁熺浉鍥俱�傛寚鍑哄悇鐩稿尯鐨勭ǔ瀹氱浉鍙婂悇鏉＄嚎鎵�浠ｈ〃鐨勬剰涔夈�?/p>
瑙ｏ細
1
鍖轰负娑叉�佹憾娑诧紝鍗曠浉鍖猴紱
2
鍖轰负鍥烘憾浣擄紝鍗曠浉鍖猴紱
3
鍖轰负娑叉�佹憾娑蹭笌鍥烘憾浣?/p>
飦?/p>
涓ょ浉骞宠 鍖猴紱
4
鍖轰负娑叉�佹憾娑蹭笌鍥烘憾浣?/p>
飦?/p>
涓ょ浉骞宠 鍖猴紱
5
鍖轰负鍥烘憾浣?/p>
飦?/p>
涓庡浐婧朵綋
飦?/p>
涓ょ浉骞宠 鍖恒�?/p>
鏈�涓婇潰杈圭殑涓�鏉℃洸绾挎槸娑茬浉缁勬垚绾匡紝涔熸槸
A
銆?/p>
B
鐩镐簰
婧惰В搴﹂殢娓╁害鍙樺寲鏇茬嚎锛?/p>
涓棿鐨?/p>
acb
绾挎槸鍥烘憾浣撶粍鎴愮嚎锛岃〃绀轰笉鍚屾俯搴︿笅涓庢恫
a
b
A
B
w
B
棰?/p>
6.14
闄勫浘
t
1
2
3
4
c
d
e
5
f
A
B
L
M
N
O
U
V
I
J
K
1
2
3
4
5
6