形容词用作状语的三种类型
类型一:说明性状?/p>
形容词的主要功能是用作定语和表语?/p>
但有时也可用作状?/p>
(有人也称之为主语补足语?/p>
因为它们是补充说明主语的)。如?/p>
He
lay
in
bed,
awake.
他躺在床上,没有睡着。(表伴随)
He
arrived
home,
hungry
and
tired.
他回到家里,又饿又累。(表结果)
Unable
to
afford
the
time,
I
had
to
give
up
the
plan.
由于抽不出时间,
我不得不放弃
这个计划。(表原因)
形容词用作状语的特点是,
该形容词的逻辑主语就是句子主语?/p>
并且通常可以用并列句
或主从复合句来改写。如以上各句可改写为?/p>
He
lay
in
bed
and
he
was
awake.
He
arrived
home
and
he
was
hungry
and
tired.
Because
I
was
unable
to
afford
the
time,
I
had
to
give
up
the
plan.
类型二:程度状语
有少数形容词,如
red,
boiling,
freezing,
icy,
bitter
等,它们在某些搭配中可以起副词,
用作状语,表示程度,意为“很”“非常”等。如?/p>
The
stove
was
red
hot.
火炉是炽热的?/p>
It’s
boiling
hot.
它是滚烫的?/p>
His
face
was
bright
red.
他的脸是鲜红的?/p>
The
weather
is
freezing
[icy,
bitter]
cold.
天气冷极了?/p>
但这样的用法非常有限,并往往只用于某些特定搭配中,如可说
bitter
cold(
冰冷
)
?/p>
bit
ter
wind(
寒风
)
等,但习惯上却不?/p>
bitter
hot(
炽热
)
?/p>
bitter
busy(
极忙
)
等?/p>
类型三:承上启下性状?/p>
有些形容词在某些固定结构中可用作独立成分,起承上启下的作用(也可视为一种状
语)。如?/p>
Sure
enough,
she
was
there.
果然她在那里?/p>
Strange
to
say,
he
did
pass
his
exam
after
all.
说也奇怪,考试他竟然通过了?/p>
He
may
be
late.
Worse
still,
he
may
not
come
at
all.
他可能会迟到?/p>
更糟的是?/p>
他可
能根本不来?/p>
More
important,
he’s
got
a
steady
job.
更重要的是他得到了一个稳定的工作?/p>