1
绠＄悊瀛︽渚嬪垎鏋愰
妗堜緥鍒嗘瀽棰?/p>
1
鏌愬缓绛戝叕鍙革紝缁忚繃鍑犲崄骞寸殑鍙戝睍锛屽凡缁忔垚涓哄綋鍦扮煡鍚嶇殑寤虹瓚榫欏ご浼佷笟銆傛�荤粨浼佷笟鎴愬姛鐨勭粡楠岋紝璁稿绠＄悊浜哄憳褰掔粨
涓哄ぉ鏃躲�佸湴鍒┿�佷汉鍜岋紝濡傚浗瀹剁粡娴庣殑鎸佺画鍙戝睍銆佷笌褰撳湴鏀垮簻銆侀摱琛岀殑鑹ソ鍏崇郴锛屽嚑鍗佸勾褰㈡垚鐨勫浐瀹氬鎴峰拰鑹ソ鐨勪俊瑾夛紝
鑹ソ鐨勫憳宸ョ礌璐ㄧ瓑绛夈�傚湪
2008
骞村寳浜ゥ杩愭櫙姘旈紦鑸炰笅锛屽叕鍙哥‘绔嬩簡鎵撶牬鍦板尯鐣岄檺锛屾垚涓哄叏鍥戒箖鑷充笘鐣岀煡鍚嶅缓绛戜紒涓氱殑
杩滄櫙鍜屼娇鍛姐�傚綋浼佷笟鏍戠珛杩欐牱鐨勮繙鏅拰浣垮懡骞朵负涔嬪姫鍔涙椂锛屽彂鐜版浘缁忎綔涓轰紭鍔跨殑鈥滃ぉ鏃躲�佸湴鍒┿�佷汉鍜屸�濅技涔庝笉鍦ㄣ�備緥
濡傦紝灏卞湪鍓嶄笉涔咃紝鏃ユ湰涓�瀹跺缓绛戜紒涓氬湪涓庡叕鍙歌皥鍒ゆ椂锛岃鍏徃鍦ㄤ袱澶╁唴缁欏嚭涓�涓」鐩殑鎶ヤ环銆傜敱浜庡叕鍙告病鏈夋棦鎳傚缓绛?/p>
涓撲笟鍙堢簿閫氭棩璇殑浜哄憳锛屾病鏈夎兘澶熷強鏃舵姤浠凤紝寰堥仐鎲惧湴娌℃湁鎶撲綇鍏徃椤圭洰銆?/p>
璇峰垎鏋愯鍏徃鐨勫唴澶栭儴鐜锛屼互鍙婂簲閲囧彇鐨勬帾鏂姐�?/p>
锛?/p>
1
锛夊ぉ銆佸湴銆佷汉鏄鍏徃鍐呭閮ㄧ幆澧冪殑姒傛嫭鎻忚堪銆備粠妗堜緥涓彲浠ョ湅鍑哄叕鍙歌繃鍘荤殑鎴愬姛鏉ヨ嚜澶╂椂銆佸湴鍒┿�佷汉鍜岋紝鏋勬垚浜?/p>
鍏徃鐨勭珵浜変紭鍔裤�傚綋鍏徃閲嶆柊纭珛浜嗏�滄垚涓哄叏鍥戒箖鑷充笘鐣岀殑寤虹瓚浼佷笟鈥濇椂锛屼粠妗堜緥涓彲浠ョ湅鍑哄湪鏀垮簻銆侀摱琛屽叧绯绘柟闈€�?/p>
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锛?/p>
2
锛夊洜姝ゅ叕鍙歌鐪熸璁ゆ竻鎵�澶勭殑鍐呭閮ㄧ幆澧冿紝纭畾鍏徃鐨勪娇鍛藉拰鎰挎櫙锛屽苟鍥寸粫澶┿�佸湴銆佷汉绛夊埗瀹氱浉搴旀帾鏂姐�傚叿浣撴帾鏂?/p>
搴斿洿缁曞煿鑲插叕鍙哥殑鏍稿績绔炰簤鍔涙柟闈細鍏锋湁寤虹珛鐢靛瓙鍟嗗姟缃戠粶鍜岀郴缁熺殑鎶�鑳斤紱杩呴�熸妸鏂颁骇鍝佹姇鍏ュ競鍦虹殑鑳藉姏锛涙洿濂界殑鍞?/p>
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椤惧瀹氬崟鐨勭郴缁燂紱鏁村拰鍚勭鎶�鏈垱閫犳柊浜у搧鐨勬妧鑳界瓑鏂归潰銆?/p>
妗堜緥鍒嗘瀽棰?/p>
2
鏌愬湴鏂圭敓浜т紶缁熷伐鑹哄搧鐨勪紒涓氾紝浼撮殢鐫�鎴戝浗瀵瑰寮�鏀炬斂绛栵紝閫愭笎鍙戝睍澹ぇ璧锋潵銆傞攢鍞鍜屽嚭鍙ｉ杩戝崄骞存潵骞冲潎澧?/p>
闀?/p>
15%
浠ヤ笂銆傚憳宸ヤ篃鏈夊師鏉ョ殑涓嶈冻
200
浜哄鍔犲埌浜?/p>
2000
澶氫汉銆備紒涓氳繕鏄噰鐢ㄨ繃鍘荤殑绫讳技鐩寸嚎鍨嬬殑缁勭粐缁撴瀯锛屼紒涓氫竴鎶?/p>
鎵嬬帇鍘傞暱鏃㈢閿�鍞紝鍙堢鐢熶骇锛屾槸涓�涓闈㈠叏鑳藉瀷鐨勭鐞嗚�呫�傛渶杩戜紒涓氬彂鐢熶簡涓�浜涗簨鎯咃紝璁╃帇鍘傞暱搴旀帴涓嶆殗銆傚叾涓�锛?/p>
鐢熶骇鍩烘湰鏄寜瀹氬崟鐢熶骇锛屽熀鏈敱鍘傞暱浼犺揪鐢熶骇鎸囦护銆傜鍒颁氦璐х揣锛屽線寰�鏄巶闀垮甫澶达紝鍜屽憳宸ヤ竴璧锋寫鐏鎴樸�傝櫧鐒舵寜鏃?/p>
浜よ揣锛屼絾璐ㄩ噺涓嶈繃鍏筹紝浜у搧琚��鍥烇紝骞惰瑕佹眰绱㈣禂锛涘叾浜岋細浠ュ墠浼佷笟鎷涜仒浜哄憳浜烘暟灏戯紝鎵�浠ョ帇鍘傞暱涓�浜哄氨鍙互鍐冲畾浜嗐�?/p>
鐜板湪姣忓勾瑕佹嫑鏀跺ぇ涓笓瀛︾敓杩?/p>
50
浜猴紝杩樿鐗垫秹鍒颁汉鍛樼殑鍩硅绛夛紝浠ュ墠鐨勫仛娉曞氨涓嶈浜嗐�傚叾涓夛細杩囧幓鎬绘槸鐜嬪巶闀夸复鏃舵姄
浜哄幓鍋氬悗鍕ょ瓑宸ヤ綔锛岀幇鍦ㄨ繖鏂归潰宸ヤ綔澶锛屼复鏃舵姄浜哄幓鍋氾紝宸茬粡鍋氫笉浜嗗仛涓嶅ソ浜嗐�傚嚒姝ょ绉嶏紝浠ュ墠鏈夋晥鐨勭鐞嗘柟娉曞凡
缁忓け鍘讳綔鐢ㄤ簡銆?/p>
璇蜂粠缁勭粐宸ヤ綔鐨勮搴﹁鏄庝紒涓氬瓨鍦ㄧ殑闂浠ュ強寤鸿鎺柦銆?/p>
锛?/p>
1
锛?/p>
浠庢渚嬩腑缁欏嚭鐨勪俊鎭湅锛?/p>
浼佷笟鏄庢樉閲囩敤鐨勬槸鐩寸嚎鍨嬬粍缁囩粨鏋勫舰寮忥紝
杩欑缁勭粐缁撴瀯浼樼偣鏄細
鐩寸嚎鍨嬬粍缁囩粨鏋勭殑浼樼偣锛?/p>
缁撴瀯姣旇緝绠�鍗曪紝鎵�鏈夌殑浜洪兘鏄庣櫧浠栦滑搴斿悜璋佹姤鍛婂拰璋佸悜浠栨姤鍛娿�傝矗浠讳笌鑱屾潈鏄庣‘銆傛瘡涓汉鏈変竴涓苟涓斿彧鑳芥湁涓�涓洿鎺?/p>
涓婄骇锛屽洜鑰屼綔鍑哄喅瀹氬彲鑳芥瘮杈冨鏄撳拰杩呴�熴�傜己鐐癸細鏄湪缁勭粐瑙勬ā杈冨ぇ鐨勬儏鍐典笅锛屼笟鍔℃瘮杈冨鏉傦紝鎵�鏈夌鐞嗚亴鑳介兘闆嗕腑
鐢变竴涓汉鎵挎媴锛屾槸姣旇緝鍥伴毦鐨勩�?/p>
锛?/p>
2
锛夋樉鐒跺綋浼佷笟宸茬粡鍙戝睍鎴愪负
2000
澶氫汉鏃讹紝鐩寸嚎鍨嬬粍缁囩粨鏋勫埗绾︿紒涓氱殑姝ｅ父鍙戝睍銆傚鍚屾渚嬩腑鐜嬪巶闀块潰涓寸殑鍥板锛?/p>
瑕佷竴涓汉绠℃墍鏈夌殑浜嬫儏锛屽凡缁忔病鏈夋晥鏋滃拰鏁堢巼浜嗐�?/p>
锛?/p>
3
锛変紒涓氶渶瑕侀噰鐢ㄩ�傚悎浼佷笟鍙戝睍鐨勭粍缁囩粨鏋勫舰寮忥紝渚嬪绠＄悊杩涜涓撲笟鍖栧垎宸ョ殑鐩寸嚎
-
鍙傝皨鍨嬬粍缁囩粨鏋勶紝鑰冭檻璁剧珛鐢熶骇
璁″垝閮ㄩ棬銆佷汉鍔涜祫婧愰儴闂ㄤ互鍙婂悗鍕ら儴闂ㄣ�傝繖鏍峰氨鍙互鍙戞尌鐩寸嚎
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鍙傝皨鍨嬬粍缁囩粨鏋勭殑浼樼偣锛屽嵆鍚勭骇鐩寸嚎绠＄悊鑰呴兘鏈夌浉搴旂殑
鑱岃兘鏈烘瀯鍜屼汉鍛樹綔涓哄弬璋嬪拰鍔╂墜锛屽洜鑰岃兘澶熷鏈儴杩涜鏈夋晥绠＄悊锛屼互閫傚簲鐜颁唬绠＄悊宸ヤ綔姣旇緝澶嶆潅鑰岀粏鑷寸殑鐗圭偣锛岃�屾瘡
涓儴闂ㄩ兘鏄敱鐩寸嚎浜哄憳缁熶竴鎸囨尌锛岃繖灏辨弧瓒充簡鐜颁唬缁勭粐娲诲姩闇�瑕佺粺涓�鎸囨尌鍜屽疄琛屼弗鏍肩殑璐ｄ换鍒跺害鐨勮姹傘�?/p>
妗堜緥鍒嗘瀽棰?/p>
3
闅忕潃鎴戝浗鍔犲叆
WTO
锛屼紒涓氶潰涓存柊鐨勬満閬囧拰鎸戞垬銆傛煇鍥芥湁澶у瀷浼佷笟涓轰簡閫傚簲鏉ヨ嚜鍥藉唴澶栫殑绔炰簤锛屼互鍙婁紒涓氶暱鏈熷仴搴?/p>
鍙戝睍锛岃璇嗗埌瑕佽浆鍙樿蹇碉紝鍔犲揩寤虹珛鐜颁唬浼佷笟鍒跺害鐨勬浼愶紝鍚屾椂闇�瑕佽嫤缁冨唴鍔熸彁楂樿嚜韬鐞嗘按骞炽�傝�屽煿璁槸鍏堝銆傝繃
鍘伙紝浼佷笟鎼炶繃涓嶅皯鍩硅锛屼絾鍩烘湰涓婃槸涓存椂鑱樿鍑犱釜鐭ュ悕涓撳锛岄噰鐢ㄦ墍鏈夊憳宸ュ弬鍔犮�佷笂澶ц鐨勫煿璁柟寮忥紝鍦ㄥ煿璁繃绋嬬枏
浜庢帶鍒躲�傚煿璁繃鍚庯紝鏈変汉璁や负鍦ㄥ伐浣滀腑鏈夌敤锛屾湁鐨勪汉璁や负娌℃湁浠�涔堢敤锛屾兂瀛︾殑娌℃湁瀛﹀埌锛涗篃鏈変汉鍙嶆槧鍩硅鏂瑰紡澶崟涓�锛?/p>
娌℃湁缁撳悎宸ヤ綔瀹為檯绛夌瓑銆?/p>
濡傛灉浣犳槸鍏徃璐熻矗浜哄姏璧勬簮绠＄悊宸ヤ綔鐨勫壇鎬荤粡鐞嗭紝浣犺濡備綍绠＄悊鍏徃鐨勫煿璁伐浣溿�?/p>
锛?/p>
1
锛夎櫧鐒朵紒涓氳璇嗗埌鍩硅鏄厛瀵肩殑閲嶈鎬х殑璁よ瘑銆備絾姝ｅ妗堜緥涓墍鏄剧ず鐨勪紒涓氬湪鍩硅鏂归潰杩樺瓨鍦ㄨ澶氶棶棰橈紝濡傚煿璁唴
瀹瑰拰鏂规硶鐨勫崟璋冨崟涓�銆佸煿璁繃绋嬫帶鍒跺拰鍩硅鏁堟灉璇勪及涓嶅绛夈�備负浜嗕繚璇佸煿璁殑鏈夋晥鎬э紝搴斿綋浠庝互涓嬪嚑鏂归潰杩涜鑰冭檻銆?/p>
锛?/p>
2
锛夐拡瀵规渚嬩腑鐨勯棶棰橈紝搴旈噰鍙栫殑鎺柦鏈夛細棣栧厛瑕佸鍩硅宸ヤ綔杩涜绠＄悊锛涘叾娆¤纭繚鍩硅鍐呭澶氭牱鎬с�傚煿璁唴瀹瑰簲鍖?/p>
鎷斂娌绘�濇兂鏁欒偛銆佷笟鍔＄煡璇嗗拰绠＄悊绛夋柟闈㈢殑鍐呭锛涚涓夎閲囩敤澶氱鍩硅鏂规硶锛屽寘鎷郴缁熺殑鐞嗚鍩硅銆佽亴鍔¤疆鎹€�佸弬瑙?