1
楂樹腑甯歌鐨勫師鐢垫睜鐢垫瀬鍙嶅簲寮忕殑涔﹀啓
涔﹀啓杩囩▼褰掔撼锛氬垪鐗╄川锛屾爣寰楀け
锛堝垪鍑虹數鏋佷笂鐨勭墿璐ㄥ彉鍖栵紝鏍规嵁浠锋�佸彉鍖栨爣鏄庣數瀛愬緱澶憋級銆?/p>
閫夌瀛愶紝閰嶇數鑽?/p>
锛堟牴鎹粙璐ㄩ�夋嫨鍚堥�傜殑绂诲瓙锛岄厤骞崇數鑽凤紝浣跨鍚堢數鑽峰畧锛夈�?/p>
宸х敤姘达紝閰嶄釜鏁?/p>
锛堥�氬父浠嬭川涓烘按婧舵恫锛屽彲閫夌敤姘撮厤骞宠川閲忓畧鎭掞級
涓�娆＄數姹?/p>
1
銆佷紡鎵撶數姹狅細
锛堣礋鏋?/p>
鈥?/p>
Zn
銆佹鏋?/p>
鈥?/p>
Cu
銆佺數瑙ｆ恫
鈥?/p>
H
2
SO
4
锛?/p>
璐熸瀬锛?/p>
Zn
鈥?/p>
2e
-
==Zn
2+
(
姘у寲鍙嶅簲
)
姝ｆ瀬锛?/p>
2H
+
+2e
-
==H
2
鈫?/p>
(
杩樺師鍙嶅簲
)
绂诲瓙鏂圭▼寮?/p>
Zn + 2H
+
== H
2
鈫? Zn
2+
2
銆侀搧纰崇數姹?/p>
(
鏋愭阿鑵愯殌
)
锛?/p>
锛堣礋鏋?/p>
鈥?/p>
Fe
銆佹鏋?/p>
鈥?/p>
C
銆佺數瑙ｆ恫
H
2
CO
3
寮遍吀鎬?/p>
)
璐熸瀬锛?/p>
Fe
鈥?/p>
2e
-
==Fe
2+
(
姘у寲鍙嶅簲
)
姝ｆ瀬锛?/p>
2H
+
+2e
-
==H
2
鈫?/p>
(
杩樺師鍙嶅簲
)
绂诲瓙鏂圭▼寮?/p>
Fe+2H
+
==H
2
鈫?Fe
2+
(
鏋愭阿鑵愯殌
)
3
銆侀搧纰崇數姹犳睜
(
鍚告哀鑵愯殌
)
锛?/p>
锛堣礋鏋?/p>
鈥?/p>
Fe
銆佹鏋?/p>
鈥?/p>
C
銆佺數瑙ｆ恫
涓�ф垨纰辨�?/p>
)
璐熸瀬锛?/p>
2Fe
鈥?/p>
4e
-
==2Fe
2+
(
姘у寲鍙嶅簲
)
姝ｆ瀬锛?/p>
O
2
+2H
2
O+4e
-
==4OH
-
(
杩樺師鍙嶅簲
)
鍖栧鏂圭▼寮?/p>
2Fe+O
2
+2H
2
O==2Fe(OH)
2
(
鍚告哀鑵愯殌
)
4Fe(OH)
2
+O
2
+2H
2
O==4Fe(OH)
3
2Fe(OH)
3
==Fe
2
O
3
.
x H
2
O +(3-x) H
2
O
(
閾侀攬鐨勭敓鎴愯繃绋?/p>
)
4.
閾濋晬鐢垫睜锛?/p>
锛堣礋鏋?/p>
鈥?/p>
Al
銆佹鏋?/p>
鈥?/p>
Ni
鐢佃В娑?/p>
NaCl
婧舵恫銆?/p>
O
2
)
璐熸瀬锛?/p>
4Al
鈥?/p>
12e
-
==4Al
3+
(
姘у寲鍙嶅簲
)
姝ｆ瀬锛?/p>
3O
2
+6H
2
O+12e
-
==12 OH
-
(
杩樺師鍙嶅簲
)
鍖栧鏂圭▼寮?/p>
4Al+3O
2
+6H
2
O==4Al(OH)
3
(
娴锋磱鐏爣鐢垫睜
)
5
銆佹櫘閫氶攲閿板共鐢垫睜锛?/p>
(
璐熸瀬
鈥?/p>
Zn
銆佹鏋?/p>
鈥?/p>
C
銆佺數瑙ｆ恫
NH
4
Cl
銆?/p>
MnO
2
鐨勭硦鐘剁墿
)
璐熸瀬锛?/p>
Zn
鈥?/p>
2e
-
==Zn
2+
(
姘у寲鍙嶅簲
)
姝ｆ瀬锛?/p>
2MnO
2
+2H
+
+2e
-
==Mn
2
O
3
+H
2
O
(
杩樺師鍙嶅簲
)
鍖栧鏂圭▼寮?/p>
Zn+2NH
4
Cl+2MnO
2
=ZnCl
2
+Mn
2
O
3
+2NH
3
鈫?/p>
6
銆佺⒈鎬ч攲閿板共鐢垫睜锛?/p>
锛堣礋鏋?/p>
鈥?/p>
Zn
銆佹鏋?/p>
鈥?/p>
C
銆?/p>
鐢佃В娑?/p>
KOH
銆?/p>
MnO
2
鐨勭硦鐘剁墿锛?/p>
璐熸瀬锛?/p>
Zn + 2OH
鈥?/p>
2e
-
== Zn(OH)
2
(
姘у寲鍙嶅簲
)
姝ｆ瀬锛?/p>
2MnO
2
+ 2H
2
O + 2e
-
==2MnOOH +2 OH
锛?
锛堣繕鍘熷弽搴?/p>
)
鍖栧鏂圭▼寮?/p>
Zn +2MnO
2
+2H
2
O == Zn(OH)
2
+ MnOOH
7
銆侀摱閿岀數姹狅細
(
璐熸瀬
鈥?/p>
Zn
銆佹鏋?/p>
--Ag
2
O
銆佺數瑙ｆ恫
NaOH )
璐熸瀬
锛?/p>
Zn+2OH
鈥?/p>
鈥?/p>
2e
-
== Zn(OH)
2
(
姘у寲鍙嶅簲
)
姝ｆ瀬
锛?/p>
Ag
2
O + H
2
O + 2e
-
== 2Ag + 2 OH
锛?
(
杩樺師鍙嶅簲
)
鍖栧鏂圭▼寮?/p>
Zn + Ag
2
O + H
2
O == Zn(OH)
2
+ 2Ag
8
銆侀摑
鈥?/p>
绌烘皵
鈥?/p>
娴锋按
锛堣礋鏋?/p>
--
閾濄�佹鏋?/p>
--
鐭冲ⅷ銆侀搨缃戠瓑鑳藉鐢电殑鎯版�ф潗鏂欍�佺數瑙ｆ恫
--
娴锋按锛?/p>
璐熸瀬
锛?/p>
4Al
锛?/p>
12e
锛?
==4Al
3+
(
姘у寲鍙嶅簲
)
姝ｆ瀬
锛?/p>
3O
2
+6H
2
O+12e
锛?/p>
==12OH
锛?
锛堣繕鍘熷弽搴?/p>
)
鎬诲弽搴斿紡涓猴細
4Al+3O
2
+6H
2
O===4Al(OH)
3
锛堥搨缃戝澶т笌姘ф皵鐨勬帴瑙﹂潰锛?/p>