1
鐗涢】杩愬姩瀹氬緥涓撻
涓�銆佸熀纭�鐭ヨ瘑褰掔撼
1
銆佺墰椤跨涓�瀹氬緥锛?/p>
涓�鍒囩墿浣撴�讳繚鎸佸寑閫熺洿绾胯繍鍔ㄧ姸鎬佹垨闈欐鐘舵�侊紝闄ら潪浣滅敤鍦ㄥ畠涓婇潰鐨勫姏杩娇
瀹冩敼鍙樿繖绉嶇姸鎬佷负姝€�?/p>
鐞嗚В瑕佺偣
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
1
锛夎繍鍔ㄦ槸鐗╀綋鐨勪竴绉嶅睘鎬э紝鐗╀綋鐨勮繍鍔ㄤ笉闇�瑕佸姏鏉ョ淮鎸侊紱
锛?/p>
2
锛夊畠瀹氭�у湴鎻ず浜嗚繍鍔ㄤ笌鍔涚殑鍏崇郴锛屽嵆鍔涙槸鏀瑰彉鐗╀綋杩愬姩鐘舵�佺殑鍘熷洜锛?/p>
锛堣繍鍔ㄧ姸鎬佹寚鐗╀綋鐨?/p>
閫熷害锛夊張鏍规嵁鍔犻�熷害瀹氫箟锛?/p>
t
v
a
飦?/p>
飦?/p>
飥?/p>
锛屾湁閫熷害鍙樺寲灏变竴瀹氭湁鍔犻�熷害锛屾墍浠ュ彲浠ヨ锛氬姏鏄娇鐗╀綋浜х敓鍔?
閫熷害鐨勫師鍥犮�?/p>
锛堜笉鑳借鈥滃姏鏄骇鐢熼�熷害鐨勫師鍥犫�?/p>
銆?/p>
鈥滃姏鏄淮鎸侀�熷害鐨勫師鍥犫�?/p>
锛屼篃涓嶈兘璇粹�滃姏鏄敼鍙樺姞閫?/p>
搴︾殑鍘熷洜鈥?/p>
銆?/p>
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
3
锛夊畾寰嬭鏄庝簡浠讳綍鐗╀綋閮芥湁涓�涓瀬鍏堕噸瑕佺殑灞炴�р�斺�旀儻鎬э紱涓�鍒囩墿浣撻兘鏈変繚鎸佸師鏈夎繍鍔ㄧ姸鎬?/p>
鐨勬�ц川锛岃繖灏辨槸鎯�с�傛儻鎬у弽鏄犱簡鐗╀綋杩愬姩鐘舵�佹敼鍙樼殑闅炬槗绋嬪害锛堟儻鎬уぇ鐨勭墿浣撹繍鍔ㄧ姸鎬佷笉瀹规槗鏀?/p>
鍙橈級
銆傝川閲忔槸鐗╀綋鎯�уぇ灏忕殑閲忓害銆?/p>
锛?/p>
4
锛夌墰椤跨涓�瀹氬緥鎻忚堪鐨勬槸鐗╀綋鍦ㄤ笉鍙椾换浣曞鍔涙椂鐨勭姸鎬併�傝�屼笉鍙楀鍔涚殑鐗╀綋鏄笉瀛樺湪鐨勶紝鐗?/p>
椤跨涓�瀹氬緥涓嶈兘鐢ㄥ疄楠岀洿鎺ラ獙璇侊紝浣嗘槸寤虹珛鍦ㄥぇ閲忓疄楠岀幇璞＄殑鍩虹涔嬩笂锛岄�氳繃鎬濈淮鐨勯�昏緫鎺ㄧ悊鑰屽彂
鐜扮殑銆傚畠鍛婅瘔浜嗕汉浠爺绌剁墿鐞嗛棶棰樼殑鍙︿竴绉嶆柟娉曪紝鍗抽�氳繃澶ч噺鐨勫疄楠岀幇璞★紝鍒╃敤浜虹殑閫昏緫鎬濈淮锛屼粠
澶ч噺鐜拌薄涓鎵句簨鐗╃殑瑙勫緥锛?/p>
锛?/p>
5
锛夌墰椤跨涓�瀹氬緥鏄墰椤跨浜屽畾寰嬬殑鍩虹锛岀墿浣撲笉鍙楀鍔涘拰鐗╀綋鎵�鍙楀悎澶栧姏涓洪浂鏄湁鍖哄埆鐨勶紝
鎵�浠ヤ笉鑳芥妸鐗涢】绗竴瀹氬緥褰撴垚鐗涢】绗簩瀹氬緥鍦?/p>
F
=0
鏃剁殑鐗逛緥锛?/p>
鐗涢】绗竴瀹氬緥瀹氭�у湴缁欏嚭浜嗗姏涓庤繍鍔?/p>
鐨勫叧绯伙紝鐗涢】绗簩瀹氬緥瀹氶噺鍦扮粰鍑哄姏涓庤繍鍔ㄧ殑鍏崇郴銆?/p>
2
銆佺墰椤跨浜屽畾寰嬶細
鐗╀綋鐨勫姞閫熷害璺熶綔鐢ㄥ姏鎴愭姣旓紝璺熺墿浣撶殑璐ㄩ噺鎴愬弽姣斻�傚叕寮?/p>
F=ma.
鐞嗚В瑕佺偣锛?/p>
锛?/p>
1
锛?/p>
鐗涢】绗簩瀹氬緥瀹氶噺鎻ず浜嗗姏涓庤繍鍔ㄧ殑鍏崇郴锛?/p>
鍗崇煡閬撲簡鍔涳紝
鍙牴鎹墰椤跨浜屽畾寰嬬爺绌跺叾鏁堟灉锛?/p>
鍒嗘瀽鍑虹墿浣撶殑杩愬姩瑙勫緥锛?/p>
鍙嶈繃鏉ワ紝
鐭ラ亾浜嗚繍鍔紝
鍙牴鎹墰椤跨浜屽畾寰嬬爺绌跺叾鍙楀姏鎯呭喌锛?/p>
涓鸿璁¤繍鍔紝
鎺у埗杩愬姩鎻愪緵浜嗙悊璁哄熀纭�锛?/p>
锛?/p>
2
锛夌墰椤跨浜屽畾寰嬫彮绀虹殑鏄姏鐨勭灛鏃舵晥鏋滐紝鍗充綔鐢ㄥ湪鐗╀綋涓婄殑鍔涗笌瀹冪殑鏁堟灉鏄灛鏃跺搴斿叧绯伙紝
鍔涘彉鍔犻�熷害灏卞彉锛屽姏鎾ら櫎鍔犻�熷害灏变负闆讹紝娉ㄦ剰鍔涚殑鐬椂鏁堟灉鏄姞閫熷害鑰屼笉鏄�熷害锛?/p>
锛?/p>
3
锛?/p>
鐗涢】绗簩瀹氬緥鏄煝閲忓叧绯伙紝
鍔犻�熷害鐨勬柟鍚戞�绘槸鍜屽悎澶栧姏鐨勬柟鍚戠浉鍚岀殑锛?/p>
鍙互鐢ㄥ垎閲忓紡琛ㄧず锛?/p>
F
x
=ma
x
,F
y
=ma
y
,
鑻?/p>
F
涓虹墿浣撳彈鐨勫悎澶栧姏锛岄偅涔?/p>
a
琛ㄧず鐗╀綋鐨勫疄闄呭姞閫熷害锛涜嫢
F
涓虹墿浣撳彈鐨勬煇涓�涓柟
鍚戜笂鐨勬墍鏈夊姏鐨勫悎鍔涳紝閭ｄ箞
a
琛ㄧず鐗╀綋鍦ㄨ鏂瑰悜涓婄殑鍒嗗姞閫熷害锛涜嫢
F
涓虹墿浣撳彈鐨勮嫢骞插姏涓殑鏌愪竴涓?/p>
鍔涳紝閭ｄ箞
a
浠呰〃绀鸿鍔涗骇鐢熺殑鍔犻�熷害锛屼笉鏄墿浣撶殑瀹為檯鍔犻�熷害銆?/p>
锛?/p>
4
锛?/p>
鐗涢】绗簩瀹氬緥
F=ma
瀹氫箟浜嗗姏鐨勫熀鏈崟浣嶁�斺�旂墰椤?/p>
锛堜娇璐ㄩ噺涓?/p>
1kg
鐨勭墿浣撲骇鐢?/p>
1m/s
2
鐨勫姞閫?
搴︾殑浣滅敤鍔涗负
1N,
鍗?/p>
1N=1kg.m/s
2
.
锛?/p>
5
锛夊簲鐢ㄧ墰椤跨浜屽畾寰嬭В棰樼殑姝ラ锛?/p>
鈶犳槑纭爺绌跺璞°�傚彲浠ヤ互鏌愪竴涓墿浣撲负瀵硅薄锛屼篃鍙互浠ュ嚑涓墿浣撶粍鎴愮殑璐ㄧ偣缁勪负瀵硅薄銆傝姣忎釜
璐ㄧ偣鐨勮川閲忎负
m
i
锛屽搴旂殑鍔犻�熷害涓?/p>
a
i
锛屽垯鏈夛細
F
鍚?/p>
=m
1
a
1
+m
2
a
2
+m
3
a
3
+
鈥︹�?/p>
+m
n
a
n
瀵硅繖涓粨璁哄彲浠ヨ繖鏍风悊瑙ｏ細鍏堝垎鍒互璐ㄧ偣缁勪腑鐨勬瘡涓墿浣撲负鐮旂┒瀵硅薄鐢ㄧ墰椤跨浜屽畾寰嬶細
鈭?/p>
F
1
=
m
1
a
1
锛?/p>
鈭?/p>
F
2
=
m
2
a
2
锛屸�︹�?/p>
鈭?/p>
F
n
=
m
n
a
n
锛屽皢浠ヤ笂鍚勫紡绛夊彿宸︺�佸彸鍒嗗埆鐩稿姞锛屽叾涓乏杈规墍鏈夊姏涓紝鍑″睘浜?/p>
绯荤粺鍐呭姏鐨勶紝鎬绘槸鎴愬鍑虹幇骞朵笖澶у皬鐩哥瓑鏂瑰悜鐩稿弽鐨勶紝鍏剁煝閲忓拰蹇呬负闆讹紝鎵�浠ユ渶鍚庡緱鍒扮殑鏄璐ㄧ偣
缁勬墍鍙楃殑鎵�鏈夊鍔涗箣鍜岋紝鍗冲悎澶栧姏
F
銆?/p>
鈶″鐮旂┒瀵硅薄杩涜鍙楀姏鍒嗘瀽銆傚悓鏃惰繕搴旇鍒嗘瀽鐮旂┒瀵硅薄鐨勮繍鍔ㄦ儏鍐碉紙鍖呮嫭閫熷害銆佸姞閫熷害锛?/p>
锛屽苟
鎶婇�熷害銆佸姞閫熷害鐨勬柟鍚戝湪鍙楀姏鍥炬梺杈圭敾鍑烘潵銆?/p>