1
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8
绠＄悊淇℃伅绯荤粺
1
锛?/p>
绠＄悊淇℃伅绯荤粺鏄粈涔堬紵瀹冨拰涓�鑸殑璁＄畻鏈哄簲鐢ㄦ湁浠�涔堜笉鍚岋紵
绠＄悊淇℃伅绯荤粺鏄竴涓互浜轰负涓诲锛屽埄鐢ㄨ绠楁満纭欢銆佽蒋浠躲�佺綉缁滈�氫俊璁惧浠ュ強鍏朵粬鍔炲叕璁惧锛岃繘琛屼俊鎭?/p>
鐨勬敹闆嗐�佷紶杈撱�佸姞宸ャ�佸偍瀛樸�佹洿鏂板拰缁存姢锛屼互浼佷笟鎴樼暐绔炰紭銆佹彁楂樻晥鐩婂拰鏁堢巼涓虹洰鐨勶紝鏀寔浼佷笟楂樺眰鍐崇瓥銆?/p>
涓眰鎺у埗銆佸熀灞傚姩浣滅殑闆嗘垚鍖栫殑浜烘満绯荤粺銆?/p>
绠＄悊淇℃伅绯荤粺涓庤绠楁満搴旂敤鐨勪笉鍚岋細
璁＄畻鏈哄彧鏄鐞嗕俊鎭郴缁熺殑涓�绉嶅伐鍏枫�傛病鏈夎绠楁満涔熸湁绠＄悊淇℃伅绯?/p>
缁燂紝绠＄悊淇℃伅绯荤粺鍙湁浼樺姡涔嬪垎锛屼笉瀛樺湪鏈夋棤鐨勯棶棰樸�?/p>
2
锛?/p>
濡備綍鐞嗚В绠＄悊淇℃伅绯荤粺涓嶄粎浠呮槸涓�涓妧鏈郴缁燂紝鑰屼笖鏄ぞ浼氭妧鏈郴缁燂紵
绠＄悊淇℃伅绯荤粺鍜屾墍鏈夌郴缁熷伐绋嬩竴鏍凤紝鐢变汉绫婚�氳繃缁勭粐銆佺鐞嗐�佸崗浣滆�屽缓绔嬪舰鎴愬苟涓嶆柇鍙戝睍銆傜鐞嗕俊鎭郴
缁熺殑鐩殑鍦ㄤ簬杈呭姪鍐崇瓥锛岃�屽喅绛栧彧鑳界敱浜烘潵鍋氾紝鍥犺�岀鐞嗕俊鎭郴缁熷繀鐒舵槸涓�涓汉鏈虹粨鍚堢殑绯荤粺銆傚湪绠＄悊淇℃伅
绯荤粺涓紝鍚勭骇绠＄悊浜哄憳鏃㈡槸绯荤粺鐨勪娇鐢ㄨ�咃紝鍙堟槸绯荤粺鐨勭粍鎴愰儴鍒嗐�傚洜鍙備笌寤虹珛鍜屽彂灞曠鐞嗕俊鎭郴缁熻�岃仈绯昏捣
鏉ョ殑浜虹兢锛屽湪缁勭粐绠＄悊涓嬪舰鎴愪簡涓�涓ぞ浼氱郴缁熴�傚缓绔嬨�佸彂灞曠鐞嗕俊鎭郴缁熸槸杩欎釜绀句細绯荤粺鐨勭洰鏍囷紝涔熸槸鍏朵骇
鍑恒�傚杩欎釜绀句細绯荤粺杩愯鎺у埗鐨勬晥鏋滄槸褰卞搷绠＄悊淇℃伅绯荤粺浼樺姡鐨勫喅瀹氬洜绱犮�傚洜涓虹ぞ浼氱郴缁熺殑浠嬪叆锛岀鐞嗕俊鎭?/p>
绯荤粺鎵嶆垚浜嗕竴涓湁鏈虹粨鍚堛�佸彲鎸佺画鍙戝睍鐨勬暣浣撶郴缁熷伐绋嬨�傚惁鍒欙紝瀹冨皢鍙槸涓�鍫嗘満鍣ㄧ殑鎷煎噾缁勫悎銆傚湪绠＄悊淇℃伅
绯荤粺寮�鍙戣繃绋嬩腑锛岃鏍规嵁杩欎竴鐗圭偣锛屾纭晫瀹氫汉鍜岃绠楁満鍦ㄧ郴缁熶腑鐨勫湴浣嶅拰浣滅敤锛屽厖鍒嗗彂鎸ヤ汉鍜岃绠楁満鍚勮嚜
鐨勯暱澶勶紝浣跨郴缁熸暣浣撴�ц兘杈惧埌鏈�浼樸�?/p>
3
锛?/p>
浠�涔堟槸淇℃伅锛熶粈涔堟槸鏁版嵁锛熶俊鎭笌鏁版嵁鏈変綍鍖哄埆鍜岃仈绯伙紵
淇℃伅锛?/p>
鏄寚缁忚繃鏌愮鏂瑰紡鍔犲伐鐨勶紝鑳藉鎺ユ敹鑰呯殑琛屼负鍜屽喅绛栦骇鐢熷奖鍝嶇殑鏁版嵁锛屾垨绉板浜嬪疄銆佺姸鎬佺壒寰佺殑璁よ瘑
鍜岃В閲娿�?/p>
鏁版嵁锛?/p>
鏄寚鏈粡鍔犲伐鐨勪簨瀹炴垨鐫�閲嶅涓�绉嶇壒瀹氱幇璞＄殑鎻忚堪锛屾垨绉板鍘熷浜嬪疄銆佺姸鎬佺殑璁板綍绗﹀彿銆?/p>
鍖哄埆锛?/p>
鏁版嵁鏄鍙凤紝鏄墿鐞嗘�х殑锛屼俊鎭槸鍔犲伐杩囧苟鑳藉鎺ュ彈鑰呯殑琛屼负鍜屽喅绛栦骇鐢熷奖鍝嶇殑鏁版嵁锛屾槸閫昏緫鎬э紙瑙?/p>
蹇垫�э級鐨?/p>
锛?/p>
淇℃伅鍏锋湁涓庢暟鎹笉鍚岀殑鍩烘湰灞炴�э紝鍗充俊鎭叿鏈夛細浜嬪疄鎬с�佺瓑绾ф�с�佸彲鍘嬬缉鎬с�佹墿鏁ｆ�с�佸垎浜�с�?/p>
澧炲�兼�с�佽浆鎹㈡�с�?/p>
鑱旂郴锛?/p>
淇℃伅鏉ユ簮浜庢暟鎹紝鍚屾椂鏁版嵁鍙堟槸淇℃伅鐨勮浇浣撱�傛暟鎹殑璐ㄩ噺鐩存帴褰卞搷鍒颁俊鎭殑璐ㄩ噺銆備俊鎭殑灞炴�у厠閫氳繃
鏁版嵁鐨勫舰寮忚〃鐜板嚭鏉ャ�?/p>
4
锛?/p>
淇℃伅鐨勪环鍊煎浣曡 閲忥紵濡備綍鎵嶈兘姝ｇ‘鍦板疄鐜板叾浠峰�硷紵
琛￠噺淇℃伅鐨勪环鍊奸�氬父鏈変袱绉嶆柟娉曪細
锛?/p>
1
锛?/p>
鎸夌収鑺辫垂鐨勭ぞ浼氬繀瑕佸姵鍔ㄩ噺璁＄畻锛?/p>
璁＄畻鏂规硶涓庤绠楀叾浠栦骇鍝佷环鍊肩殑鏂规硶鐩稿悓锛屽嵆锛?/p>
V=C+P
锛堝叾涓?/p>
V
鈥?
淇℃伅浜у搧鐨勪环鍊硷紱
C
鈥旂敓浜ц淇℃伅鎵�鑺辫垂鐨勬垚鏈紱
P
鈥斿埄娑︼級
锛?/p>
2
锛?/p>
鎸夌収浣跨敤鐨勬晥鏋滆绠楋細
姝ゆ柟娉曡涓猴紝
淇℃伅鐨勪环鍊间綋鐜板湪鍐崇瓥杩囩▼涓簲鐢ㄤ俊鎭悗澧炲姞浜嗘敹鐩婏紝
鐢ㄨ繖澧炲姞
鐨勬敹鐩婂噺鍘昏幏鍙栦俊鎭墍鑺辫垂鐢ㄥ氨寰楀埌淇℃伅鐨勪环鍊硷細
V=R-C
锛堝叾涓?/p>
V
鈥斾俊鎭骇鍝佺殑浠峰�硷紱
R
鈥斿簲鐢ㄤ俊鎭墍
鑾峰緱鐨勬敹鐩婏紱
C
鈥旇幏寰椾俊鎭墍鑺辩殑璐圭敤锛?/p>
姝ｇ‘鍦板疄鐜板叾浠峰�硷細
锛?/p>
1
锛夎繍鐢ㄦ妧鏈珮閫熷害楂樿川閲忚幏鍙栦俊鎭�?/p>
锛?/p>
2
锛夋彁楂樹俊鎭唴瀹逛娇鐢ㄧ殑娣卞害锛屾彁楂橀┚椹俊鎭殑鑳藉姏锛屽強鏃惰浆鍖栦俊鎭�?/p>
锛?/p>
3
锛変俊鎭郴缁熸槸娣卞寲淇℃伅鐨勯噸瑕佹墜娈碉紝鏈夊姪浜庝俊鎭环鍊肩殑瀹炵幇銆?/p>
5
锛?/p>
浜轰滑鑾峰緱浜嗕俊鎭紝鏄惁灏变竴瀹氳兘澶熶繚璇佺鐞嗗喅绛栨晥鐜囩殑鎻愰珮锛?/p>
涓嶄竴瀹氾紝蹇呴』瑕佹湁閰嶅鐨勪俊鎭鐞嗙殑鎶�鏈紝淇℃伅瑕侀�氳繃楂樻晥鐨勬敹闆嗐�佸姞宸ャ�佸瓨鍌ㄣ�佸拰浼犻�掕繃绋嬨�佹墠鑳戒繚
璇佺鐞嗗喅绛栨晥鐜囩殑鎻愰珮銆?/p>
6
锛?/p>
鏈変汉璇达細
鈥滀俊鎭郴缁熷缓璁炬槸涓夊垎鎶�鏈紝涓冨垎绠＄悊鈥?/p>
銆備綘鏄惁鍚屾剰璇ヨ鐐癸紵璇曡鏄庣悊鐢便�?/p>
鍚屾剰銆備俊鎭郴缁熷湪鎶�鏈笂渚濋潬璁＄畻鏈虹綉缁滃拰鏁版嵁搴擄紝浣嗘槸淇℃伅绯荤粺涓嶅崟绾槸涓�涓妧鏈郴缁燂紝鑰屾槸涓�涓竴
浣撳寲鐨勨�滀汉锛嶆満鈥濆悎鎴愮郴缁燂紝闇�瑕佸湪涓嶅悓鐨勪汉涔嬮棿鍗忚皟锛岄渶瑕佺鐞嗚�呯殑绉瀬鍙備笌锛岄渶瑕佸己鏈夊姏鐨勭粍缁囬瀵硷紝
骞跺埗瀹氬悎鐞嗙殑绠＄悊鍒跺害鍜岃�冩牳鍔炴硶锛屽缓绔嬬粺涓�鐨勪俊鎭爣鍑嗐�備粠淇℃伅绯荤粺鐨勫畾涔夊彲浠ョ湅鍑猴紝杩欎釜绯荤粺鏄箍澶х
鐞嗚�呬娇鐢ㄧ殑宸ュ叿锛屾槸涓虹鐞嗚�呮湇鍔＄殑锛屽挨鍏舵槸涓哄喅绛栧眰鐨勭鐞嗚�呮湇鍔°�?/p>
鍥藉唴澶栨鍙嶄袱鏂归潰鐨勫ぇ閲忓疄璺靛拰缁忛獙璇佹槑锛屽彧鏈夌鐞嗚�呭寘鎷悇绾ч瀵艰繘鍏ヨ鑹诧紝鍦ㄤ俊鎭郴缁熷缓璁惧拰浣跨敤
涓捣涓诲鍦颁綅锛岀郴缁熺殑寤鸿鎵嶄細鎴愬姛銆備俊鎭郴缁熺殑寤鸿锛屼笁鍒嗛潬鎶�鏈紝涓冨垎闈犵鐞嗭紝鎰忔�濇槸璇磋绠楁満杞‖浠?/p>
鐨勫紑鍙戣皟璇曪紝璁＄畻鏈虹綉缁滀笌鏁版嵁搴撶殑璋冭瘯涓庡疄鏂藉淇℃伅绯荤粺鐨勬垚鍔熶粎璧?/p>
30
锛呯殑浣滅敤锛岃�岀鐞嗐�佺粍缁囧崗璋冨伐浣?