1.
閫変慨鍏?/p>
Unit1 CALIFORNIA
鍔犲埄绂忓凹浜?/p>
California is the third largest state in the USA but has the largest population.
鍔犲窞鏄編
鍥界涓夊ぇ娲?/p>
,
鑰屼笖鏄汉鍙ｆ渶澶氱殑宸炪�?/p>
It
also
has
the
distinction
of
being
the
most
multicultural state in the USA, having attracted people from all over the world.
鍔犲窞涓?/p>
浼椾笉鍚屼箣澶勫湪浜庡畠涔熸槸缇庡浗鏈�鍏峰鍏冩枃鍖栫殑涓�涓窞銆傚畠鍚稿紩浜嗘潵鑷笘鐣屽悇鍦扮殑浜?/p>
浠�?/p>
The customs and languages of the immigrants live on in their new home.
杩欎簺绉?/p>
姘戠殑椋庝織涔犳儻浠ュ強璇█鍦ㄤ粬浠殑鏂板閮藉緱浠ュ欢缁�?/p>
This
diversity
of
culture
is
not
surprising when you know the history of California.
褰撲綘浜嗚В浜嗗姞鍒╃灏间簹鐨勫巻鍙诧紝
浣?/p>
灏变笉浼氬鍏舵枃鍖栫殑澶氭牱鎬ф劅鍒版儕濂囦簡銆?/p>
NA
TIVE AMERCANS
缇庢床鍦熻憲浜?/p>
Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California, no one really
knows.
鏈�鏃╀竴鎵逛汉鍏蜂綋鏄粈涔堟椂鍊欐潵鍒版垜浠幇鍦ㄤ簡瑙ｇ殑鍔犲埄绂忓凹浜氬湴鍖虹殑
,
璋佷篃
璇翠笉娓呮銆?/p>
However,
it
is
likely
that
Native
Americans
were
living
in
California
at
least fifteen thousand years ago.
鐒惰�岋紝
鍙兘鑷冲皯鍦ㄤ竴
15,000
骞翠互鍓嶇編娲插湡钁椾汉灏变綇
鍦ㄥ姞鍒╃灏间簹浜嗐�?/p>
Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the
Arctic to America by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times.
绉戝瀹?/p>
浠涓鸿繖浜涜縼灞呰�呴�氳繃涓�鏉″彶鍓嶆椂鏈熸浘缁忓瓨鍦ㄧ殑澶ч檰妗ョ┛瓒婂寳鏋佸湴鍖虹殑鐧戒护娴峰场
鍒拌揪缇庢床銆?/p>
In the 16th century, after
the arrival of
the Europeans, the native people
suffered
greatly.
娆ф床浜哄湪
16
涓栫邯鍒版潵杩欓噷涔嬪悗锛屽湡钁椾汉閬彈浜嗘瀬澶х殑鑻﹂毦銆?/p>
Thousands
were
killed
or
forced
into
slavery.
鎴愬崈涓婁竾浜鸿鏉�鎴栬杩垚涓哄ゴ闅躲�?/p>
In
addition, many died from the diseases brought by the Europeans.
鍙﹀
,
娆ф床浜哄甫鏉ョ殑
鐤剧梾锛屼娇璁稿浜烘煋鐥呰�屾銆?/p>
However, some survived these terrible times, and today
there are more Native Americans living in California than in any other state.
涓嶈繃锛岃繕
鏄湁涓�浜涗汉缁忓巻浜嗚繖浜涙亹鎬栨椂鏈熻�屾椿涓嬫潵浜嗐�備粖澶╀綇鍦ㄥ姞鍒╃灏间簹鐨勭編娲插湡钁椾汉
姣斾换浣曞叾浠栧窞鐨勯兘瑕佸銆?/p>
THE SPANISH
瑗跨彮鐗欎汉
In the 18th century California was ruled by Spain.
鍦?/p>
18
涓栫邯鐨勬椂鍊欙紝鍔犲埄绂忓凹浜氭槸
琚タ鐝墮缁熸不鐨勩�?/p>
Spanish
soldiers
first
arrived
in
South
America
in
the
early
16th
century, when they fought against the native people and took their land.
瑗跨彮鐗欏＋鍏垫渶
鏃╂槸鍦?/p>
16
涓栫邯鍒濇湡鏉ュ埌鍗楃編娲茬殑锛屼粬浠悓鍦熻憲浜烘墦浠楋紝澶哄幓浜嗕粬浠殑鍦熷湴銆?/p>
Two
centuries
later,
the
Spanish had
settled
in
most
parts
of
South America
and
along
the
northwest coast of what we now call the United States.
涓や釜涓栫邯浠ュ悗
,
瑗跨彮鐗欎汉鍦ㄥ崡
缇庢床澶ч儴鍒嗗湴鍖哄畾灞呬笅鏉ワ紝鑰屼笖杩樺湪鎴戜滑鐜板湪绉颁箣涓虹編鍥界殑瑗垮寳娌挎捣鍦板尯浣忎笅鏉ャ�?/p>
Of the first Spanish to go to California, the majority were religious men, whose ministry
was to teach the Catholic religion to the natives.
鍦ㄩ鎵圭Щ灞呭姞鍒╃灏间簹宸炵殑瑗跨彮鐗?