閰哥⒈婊村畾娉?/p>
渚?/p>
3-1:
锛堝洓宸濆ぇ瀛︼級
鐢?/p>
0.
2
mol/L NaOH
鈫?/p>
0.1mol/L
閰掔煶閰?/p>
(p
K
a1
= 3.04
銆?/p>
p
K
a2
= 4.37)
鏃讹紝鍦ㄦ淮
瀹氭洸绾夸笂灏嗗嚭鐜?/p>
_______
涓獊璺冿紵
渚?/p>
3-2:
锛堝崕涓鎶�澶у锛?/p>
鑻ユ淮瀹氬墏涓庤娴嬬墿婧舵恫娴撳害鍧囧澶у崄鍊?/p>
,
NaOH
婊村畾
HCl
鐨勬淮瀹氱獊
璺?/p>
__________,
NaOH
婊村畾
HAc
鐨勬淮瀹氱獊璺?/p>
________________
,
NaOH
婊村畾
H
3
PO
4
(
鑷?/p>
H
2
PO
4
-
)
鐨勬淮瀹氱獊璺?/p>
_______________
銆?/p>
(
濉?/p>
pH
澧炲姞澶氬皯銆佸噺灏戝灏戞垨涓嶅彉
)
渚?/p>
3-3:
锛?/p>
闈掑矝绉戞妧澶у锛?/p>
鐢?/p>
0.1mol/LHCl
婊村畾
0.1mol/LNaOH-0.1mol/L Na
3
PO
4
娣峰悎娑叉椂
,
鍦ㄦ淮
瀹氭洸绾夸笂鍑虹幇鍑犱釜绐佽穬锛?/p>
渚?/p>
3-4:
锛堝洓宸濆ぇ瀛?/p>
03,05
锛?/p>
浠?/p>
MO
涓烘寚绀哄墏锛岃兘鐢?/p>
NaOH
鏍囧噯婧舵恫鐩存帴婊村畾鐨勯吀鏄?/p>
(
)
(A) H
3
PO
4
(
K
a1
= 7.6
脳
10
-3
,
K
a2
= 6.3
脳
10
-8
,
K
a3
= 4.4
脳
10
-13
)
(B) H
2
C
2
O
4
(
K
a1
= 5.9
脳
10
-2
,
K
a2
= 6.4
脳
10
-5
)
(C) CH
3
COOH
(
K
a
= 1.8
脳
10
-5
)
(D) HCOOH
(
K
a
= 1.8
脳
10
-4
)
渚?/p>
3-5:
锛堝洓宸濆ぇ瀛?/p>
03,
娴欐睙澶у
02
锛?/p>
NaOH
鏍囧噯婧舵恫鍥犱繚瀛樹笉褰撳惛鏀朵簡
CO
2
,
鑻ヤ互姝?/p>
NaOH
婧舵恫婊村畾
H
3
PO
4
鑷崇浜屼釜鍖栧璁￠噺鐐规椂
,
鍒?/p>
H
3
PO
4
鐨勫垎鏋愮粨鏋滃皢锛?/p>
锛?/p>
(A)
鍋忛珮
(B)
鍋忎綆
(C)
鏃犲奖鍝?/p>
(D)
鏃犳硶鍒ゆ柇
渚?/p>
3-6:
锛堝崕涓滅鎶�澶у
02,
鍖椾含鐞嗗伐澶у
06
锛?/p>
NaOH
鏍囧噯婧舵恫鍚告敹浜嗙┖姘斾腑鐨?/p>
CO
2
,
鐢ㄦ潵婊?/p>
瀹氬急閰搞�傚鐢ㄩ厷閰炰綔鎸囩ず鍓傦紝鍒欐祴瀹氱粨鏋滃皢锛?/p>
锛?/p>
(A)
鍋忛珮
(B)
鍋忎綆
(C)
鍑嗙‘
(D)
宸埆涓嶅ぇ
渚?/p>
3-7:
锛堝崡鐞嗗伐澶у
06
锛?/p>
鐢ㄥ惛鏀朵簡
CO
2
鐨?/p>
NaOH
鏍囧噯婧舵恫娴嬪畾宸ヤ笟
HAc
鐨勫惈閲忥紝浼氫娇鍒嗘瀽
缁撴灉
_______;
濡傜敤
MO
浣滄寚绀哄墏锛?/p>
鐢ㄦ
NaOH
婧舵恫娴嬪畾
HCl
鐨勫惈閲忥紝
瀵瑰垎鏋愮粨鏋?/p>
_________.
渚?/p>
3-8:
锛堝崡寮�澶у
04
锛?/p>
鐢?/p>
NaOH
婧舵恫婊村畾
HCl
婧舵恫浠ユ祴瀹?/p>
NaOH
涓?/p>
HCl
鐨勪綋绉瘮銆備粖閫夌敳
鍩烘涓烘寚绀哄墏娴嬪緱
V
(NaOH)/
V
(HCl)
=
1.005,
鑰岄�夐厷閰炰负鎸囩ず鍓傛祴寰?/p>
V
(NaOH)/
V
(HCl)
=
1.012 ,
鍏朵富瑕佸師鍥犳槸
____________________
銆?/p>
绛旀锛?/p>
NaOH
婧舵恫涓惈鏈?/p>
Na
2
CO
3
銆?/p>
渚?/p>
3-9:
锛堝崡寮�澶у
02
锛?/p>
浠?/p>
0.2000 mol/L NaOH
婧舵恫婊村畾
0.20000 mol/L HCl
鍜?/p>
0.02000 mol/L
HAc
娣峰悎婧舵恫涓殑
HCl
銆傞棶锛?/p>
(1)
璁＄畻鍖栧璁￠噺鐐规椂婧舵恫鐨?/p>
pH=
锛?/p>
;
(2)
鐢?/p>
MO
浣滄寚绀哄墏锛?/p>
璁＄畻缁堢偣璇樊锛堣
pHep=4.0
锛?/p>
銆?/p>
[
宸茬煡
K
a
(HAc) = 1.8
脳
10
-5
]
渚?/p>
3-10:
锛堜腑绉戦櫌锛屼腑鍥界鎶�澶у
03
锛?/p>
鐢?/p>
0.1000 mol/L HCl
鈫?/p>
0.1000 mol/L
涔欒兒锛?/p>
C
2
H
5
NH
2
锛?/p>
鍜?/p>
0.20 mol/L
鍚″暥锛?/p>
C
5
H
5
N
锛夌殑娣峰悎婧舵恫锛岃嫢浠ユ淮瀹氳宸笉澶т簬
0.3%
涓轰緷鎹紝闂細
(1)
鑳藉惁杩涜鍒嗗埆婊村畾锛熸湁鍑犱釜绐佽穬锛?/p>
(2)
婊村畾涔欒兒鑷冲寲瀛﹁閲忕偣鏃讹紝鍚″暥鍙嶅簲鐨勭櫨鍒嗘暟鏄灏戯紵
(3)
婊村畾鑷?/p>
pH = 7.80
鏃剁殑缁堢偣璇樊
Et=
锛?/p>
[p
K
b
(C
2
H
5
NH
2
) = 3.25
锛?/p>
p
K
b
(C
5
H
5
N)=8.77]
渚?/p>
3-11:
鏌愮⒈娑?/p>
25.00 mL,
浠?/p>
0.1000 mol/L HCl
鏍囧噯婧舵恫婊村畾鑷抽厷閰炶お鑹?/p>
,
鐢ㄥ幓
15.28 mL,
鍐?/p>
鍔?/p>
鐢?/p>
鍩?/p>
姗?/p>
缁?/p>
缁?/p>
婊?/p>
瀹?/p>
,
鍙?/p>
娑?/p>
鑰?/p>
HCl
6.50
mL,
姝?/p>
纰?/p>
娑?/p>
鐨?/p>
缁?/p>
鎴?/p>
鏄?/p>
-------------------------------------------(
)
(A) NaOH+NaHCO
3
(B) NaOH+Na
2
CO
3
(C) NaHCO
3
(D) Na
2
CO
3
渚?/p>
3-12:
鏌愪竴
NaOH
鍜?/p>
Na
2
CO
3
娣峰悎娑?/p>
,
鐢?/p>
HCl
婧舵恫婊村畾
,
浠ラ厷閰炰负鎸囩ず鍓?/p>
,
鑰楀幓
HCl
V
1
(mL),
缁?/p>
浠?/p>
鐢?/p>
鍩?/p>
姗?/p>
涓?/p>
鎸?/p>
绀?/p>
鍓?/p>
缁?/p>
缁?/p>
婊?/p>
瀹?/p>
,
鍙?/p>
鑰?/p>
鍘?/p>
HCl
V
2
(mL),
鍒?/p>
V
1
涓?/p>
V
2
鐨?/p>
鍏?/p>
绯?/p>
鏄?