妫�娴嬶紙鍏級
鈥滃熀鍥犵殑鏈川涓庤〃杈锯�濊鍓嶈瘖鏂嵎
[
閫夋嫨棰樷�旂粌鏄庨珮棰戣�冪偣
]
鑰冪偣涓�
鍩哄洜鐨勬湰璐ㄥ拰缁撴瀯
1
锛庝笅鍥炬槸鍏充簬鑲虹値鍙岀悆鑿岀殑杞寲瀹為獙鐨勫浘绀猴紝瀵规鍒嗘瀽閿欒鐨勬槸
(
)
A
锛庤偤鐐庡弻鐞冭弻杞寲瀹炶川鏄竴绉嶅熀鍥犻噸缁?/p>
B
锛庣粨鏋?/p>
1
涓叏閮ㄤ负
S
鍨嬭偤鐐庡弻鐞冭弻
C
锛庤瀹為獙璇佹槑
DNA
鏄仐浼犵墿璐?/p>
D
锛庣粨鏋?/p>
2
涓叏閮ㄤ负
R
鍨嬭偤鐐庡弻鐞冭弻
瑙ｆ瀽锛氶�?/p>
B
鑲虹値鍙岀悆鑿岃浆鍖栫殑瀹炶川鏄熀鍥犻噸缁勶紱缁撴灉
1
涓棦鏈?/p>
S
鍨嬬粏鑿岋紝涔熸湁
R
鍨嬬粏鑿岋紱鑹?/p>
寮楅噷鐨勮偤鐐庡弻鐞冭弻浣撳杞寲瀹為獙璇佹槑浜?/p>
DNA
鏄仐浼犵墿璐紱
S
鍨嬭弻鐨?/p>
DNA
琚?/p>
DNA
閰堕檷瑙ｅ悗灏嗕笉浼氫娇
R
鍨嬬粏鑿屽彂鐢熻浆鍖栵紝鍥犳缁撴灉
2
涓叏閮ㄤ负
R
鍨嬬粏鑿屻�?/p>
2
锛?/p>
(2019
灞婇珮涓壜峰搱灏旀花鑱旇�?/p>
)
涓�绉嶆劅鏌撹灗铏殑鏂板瀷鐥呮瘨锛岀爺绌朵汉鍛樺埄鐢ㄦ斁灏勬�у悓浣嶇礌鏍囪鐨?/p>
鏂规硶锛屼互浣撳鍩瑰吇鐨勮灗铏粏鑳炵瓑涓烘潗鏂欙紝璁捐鍙浉浜掑嵃璇佺殑鐢层�佷箼涓ょ粍瀹為獙锛屼互纭畾璇ョ梾姣掔殑鏍搁吀
绫诲瀷銆備笅鍒楁湁鍏冲疄楠岃璁℃�濊矾鐨勫彊杩帮紝閿欒鐨勬槸
(
)
A
锛庡簲閫夌敤
35
S
銆?/p>
32
P
鍒嗗埆鏍囪璇ョ梾姣掔殑铔嬬櫧璐ㄥ拰鏍搁吀
B
锛庡厛灏嗙敳銆佷箼涓ょ粍铻ㄨ櫕缁嗚優鍒嗗埆鍩瑰吇鍦ㄥ惈鍚屼綅绱犳爣璁扮殑灏垮槯鍟舵垨鑳歌吅鍢у暥鐨勫煿鍏诲熀涓?/p>
C
锛庡啀灏嗙梾姣掑垎鍒帴绉嶅埌鍚湁鐢层�佷箼涓ょ粍铻ㄨ櫕缁嗚優鐨勫煿鍏绘恫涓?/p>
D
锛庝竴瀹氭椂闂村悗绂诲績骞舵敹闆嗐�佹娴嬬梾姣掔殑鏀惧皠鎬э紝浠ョ‘瀹氱梾姣掔殑绫诲瀷
瑙ｆ瀽锛氶�?/p>
A
鏍规嵁棰樺共淇℃伅鍒嗘瀽锛屾湰瀹為獙鐨勭洰鐨勬槸纭畾鐥呮瘨鏍搁吀鐨勭被鍨嬫槸
DNA
杩樻槸
RNA
锛屽洜姝?/p>
搴旇鍒嗗埆鏍囪
DNA
鍜?/p>
RNA
鐗规湁鐨勭⒈鍩猴紝
鍗冲垎鍒敤鏀惧皠鎬у悓浣嶇礌鏍囪灏垮槯鍟跺拰鑳歌吅鍢у暥锛?/p>
鐢变簬鐥呮瘨娌?/p>
鏈夌粏鑳炵粨鏋勶紝蹇呴』瀵勭敓鍦ㄦ椿缁嗚優涓紝
鍥犳鍏堝皢鐢层�?/p>
涔欎袱缁勮灗铏粏鑳炲垎鍒煿鍏诲湪鍚悓浣嶇礌鏍囪鐨勫翱鍢?/p>
鍟舵垨鑳歌吅鍢у暥鐨勫煿鍏诲熀涓紱鍐嶅皢鐥呮瘨鍒嗗埆鎺ョ鍒板惈鏈夌敳銆?/p>
涔欎袱缁勮灗铏粏鑳炵殑鍩瑰吇娑蹭腑锛?/p>
鐥呮瘨鍒╃敤铻?/p>
铏粏鑳炲師鏂欒繘琛屽娈栵紱涓�瀹氭椂闂村悗绂诲績骞舵敹闆嗐�佹娴嬬梾姣掔殑鏀惧皠鎬э紝浠ョ‘瀹氱梾姣掔殑绫诲瀷銆?/p>
3
锛?/p>
鏌愭祦鎰熺梾姣掓槸涓�绉嶈礋閾?/p>
RNA
鐥呮瘨锛?/p>
渚垫煋瀹夸富缁嗚優鍚庝細鍙戠敓鈥滐紞RNA鈫掞紜RNA鈫掞紞RNA鈥濆拰鈥滐紞
R
NA鈫掞紜RNA鈫掕泲鐧借川鈥濈殑杩囩▼锛屽啀缁勮鎴愬瓙浠ｆ祦鎰熺梾姣掋�傗�滐紞RNA鈥濊〃绀鸿礋閾?/p>
RNA
锛屸�滐紜RNA鈥濊〃绀?/p>
姝ｉ摼
RNA
銆備笅鍒楀彊杩伴敊璇殑鏄?/p>
(
)
A
锛庤娴佹劅鐥呮瘨鐨勫熀鍥犳槸鏈夐仐浼犳晥搴旂殑
DNA
鐗囨
B
锛庯紜
RNA
鍏锋湁淇′娇
RNA
鐨勫姛鑳?/p>
C
锛庤娴佹劅鐥呮瘨鐢憋紞
RNA
褰㈡垚锛?/p>
RNA
闇�鍦ㄥ涓荤粏鑳炲唴澶嶅埗
2
娆?/p>
D
锛庡叆渚垫満浣撶殑娴佹劅鐥呮瘨琚竻闄ゅ悗鐩稿叧娴嗙粏鑳炴暟閲忓噺灏?/p>
瑙ｆ瀽锛氶�?/p>
A
璇ョ梾姣掔殑閬椾紶鐗╄川鏄紞
RNA
锛屽洜姝ゅ叾鍩哄洜搴旇鏄叿鏈夐仐浼犳晥搴旂殑
RNA
鐗囨锛涘湪锛?/p>
RNA
鐨勫鍒跺拰鎺у埗铔嬬櫧璐ㄧ殑鍚堟垚杩囩▼涓紝
閮藉厛褰㈡垚浜嗭紜
RNA
锛?/p>
璇存槑锛?/p>
RNA
鍏锋湁淇′娇
RNA
鐨勫姛鑳斤紱璇ユ祦
鎰熺梾姣掍镜鏌撳涓荤粏鑳炲悗锛岀敱锛?/p>
RNA
褰㈡垚锛?/p>
RNA
鐨勮繃绋嬩负鈥滐紞RNA鈫掞紜RNA鈫掞紞RNA鈥濓紝璇存槑鍏跺彂鐢熶簡
2