绗竴绔?/p>
鍘熷瓙缁撴瀯涓庨敭鍚?/p>
1
銆佽鏄庨噺瀛愬姏瀛︿腑鏈夊叧鍘熷瓙缁撴瀯鐨勭幓灏旀ā鍨嬪拰鍑犵巼娉㈡ā鍨嬨�?/p>
2
銆佺粰鍑轰笅鍒楃瀛愮殑鐢靛瓙缁勬�侊細
Fe
2+
, Fe
3+
, Cu
+
, Ba
2+
, Br
-
, S
2-
銆?/p>
3
銆佸浜?/p>
K
+
鈥?/p>
Cl
-
绂诲瓙瀵癸紝鍚稿紩鑳?/p>
E
A
鍜屾帓鏂ヨ兘
E
R
鍒嗗埆琛ㄧず涓猴細
璁＄畻骞宠 璺濈
r
0
鍜岀粨鍚堣兘
E
0
銆?/p>
锛堟彁绀猴細鍑�鑳藉鍘熷瓙闂磋窛
r
鐨勫井鍒嗕负
0
鏃讹紝
r= r
0
銆?/p>
r
鐨勫崟浣嶄负
nm
锛?/p>
4
銆佸噣鑳芥湁鏃跺彲琛ㄧず涓?/p>
鍏朵腑锛?/p>
r
涓虹瀛愰棿璺濓紝
C
锛?/p>
D
鍜?/p>
r
涓哄父鏁般�傝瘯鎺ㄥ嚭缁撳悎鑳?/p>
E
0
瀵逛簬骞宠 璺濈
r
0
鐨勮〃杈惧紡銆?/p>
5
銆佽绠椾笅鍒楀寲鍚堢墿涓紝绂诲瓙閿殑鐧惧垎鍚噺锛?/p>
TiO
锛?/p>
ZnTe
锛?/p>
CsCl
锛?/p>
InSb
锛?/p>
MgCl
銆?/p>
6
銆佷笅鍒楃墿璐ㄥ惈鏈変綍绉嶉敭锛氶粍閾滐紙
brass
锛?/p>
銆佹鑳讹紙
rubber
锛?/p>
銆侀噾鍒氱煶锛?/p>
diamond
锛?/p>
銆?/p>
SiO
2
銆?/p>
鍗曟櫠
Si
銆?/p>
NaCl
銆?/p>
7
銆?/p>
HF
锛?/p>
hydrogen
fluoride
锛夌殑鍒嗗瓙閲忓皬浜?/p>
HCl
锛?/p>
hydrogen
chloride
锛?/p>
锛屼负浠�涔?/p>
HF
鍏锋湁姣?/p>
HCl
鏇撮珮鐨?/p>
娌哥偣銆?/p>
8
銆佺敾鍑轰笅鍒楃墿璐ㄥ崟浣撳崟鍏冪殑缁撴瀯鍥撅細
锛?/p>
1
锛夎仛涔欑儻锛?/p>
polyethylene PV
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
2
锛夎仛鍥涙盁涔欑儻锛?/p>
polytetrafluorethylene PTFE
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
3
锛夎仛鑻箼鐑紙
polystyrene PS
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
4
锛夎仛鐢插熀涓欑儻閰哥敳閰?/p>
[
淇?/p>
]
鏈夋満鐜荤拑
锛?/p>
polymethyl methacrylate PMMA
锛?/p>
銆?/p>
9
銆?/p>
锛?/p>
1
锛夎绠楄仛涔欑儻缁撴瀯鍗曞厓鐨勫垎瀛愰噺锛?/p>
锛?/p>
2
锛夎仛涔欑儻鐨勬暟鍧囧垎瀛愰噸閲忎负
1,000,000 g/mol
锛岃绠楀叾鏁板潎鑱氬悎搴︺�?/p>
10
銆佷袱绉嶈仛鍥涙盁涔欑儻鏍峰搧鐨勫瘑搴﹀強鍏舵櫠鍖栫巼濡備笅锛?/p>
i) 2.144 g/cm
3
, 51.3%; ii) 2.215 g/cm
3
, 74.2%.
璁＄畻鏅舵�佽仛鍥涙盁涔欑儻鍜岄潪鏅舵�佽仛鍥涙盁涔欑儻鐨勫瘑搴︺�?/p>
绠�杩伴珮鍒嗗瓙閾剧粨鏋勭殑褰㈡�佺壒寰佷互鍙婁笌鎬ц兘鐨勫畾鎬у叧绯汇�?/p>
r
E
A
436
.
1
飥?
飥?/p>
9
6
10
86
.
5
r
E
R
飥?/p>
飩?/p>
飥?
)
exp(
飦?
r
D
r
C
E
N
飥?/p>
飥?/p>
飥?
飥?/p>