1
绗?/p>
2
璇炬椂
閰嶅悎鐗╃殑鎬ц川涓庡簲鐢?/p>
[
鏍稿績绱犲吇鍙戝睍鐩爣
]
1.
浠庡井瑙傝搴︾悊瑙ｉ厤鍚堢墿鐨勫舰鎴愬鐗╄川鎬ц川鐨勫奖鍝嶃�?/p>
2.
浜嗚В閰嶅悎鐗╁湪
鐢熸椿銆佺敓浜у拰绉戝瀹為獙涓殑搴旂敤銆?/p>
涓�銆侀厤鍚堢墿鐨勫舰鎴愬鎬ц川鐨勫奖鍝?/p>
1
锛庨鑹茬殑鏀瑰彉
褰撶畝鍗曠瀛愬舰鎴愰厤绂诲瓙鏃跺叾鎬ц川寰�寰�鏈夊緢澶х殑宸紓銆傞鑹插彂鐢熷彉鍖栧氨鏄竴绉嶅父瑙佺殑鐜拌薄锛屾嵁
姝ゅ彲浠ュ垽鏂厤绂诲瓙鏄惁鐢熸垚銆傚
Fe
3
锛?
涓?/p>
SCN
锛?
鍦ㄦ憾娑蹭腑鍙敓鎴愰厤浣嶆暟涓?/p>
1
锝?/p>
6
鐨勯搧鐨勭～姘伴吀鏍?/p>
閰嶇瀛?/p>
(
琛�绾㈣壊
)
锛屽弽搴旂殑绂诲瓙鏂圭▼寮忎负
Fe
3
锛?
锛?/p>
n
SCN
锛?
===[Fe(SCN)
n
]
(3
锛?/p>
n
)
锛?
銆?/p>
2
锛庢憾瑙ｅ害鐨勬敼鍙?/p>
涓�浜涢毦婧朵簬姘寸殑閲戝睘姘寲鐗┿�佹捍鍖栫墿銆佺鍖栫墿銆佹鞍鍖栫墿鍙互渚濇婧惰В浜庤繃閲忕殑
Cl
锛?
銆?/p>
Br
锛?
銆?/p>
I
锛?
銆?/p>
CN
锛?
鍜屾皑涓紝褰㈡垚鍙憾鎬х殑閰嶅悎鐗┿�?/p>
(1)
濡傞毦婧剁殑
AgCl
鍙憾浜庤繃閲忕殑娴撶洂閰稿拰姘ㄦ按涓紝褰㈡垚閰嶅悎鐗╋紝鍙嶅簲鐨勭瀛愭柟绋嬪紡鍒嗗埆涓?/p>
AgCl
锛?/p>
HCl(
娴?/p>
)===[AgCl
2
]
锛?
锛?/p>
H
锛?
锛?/p>
AgCl
锛?/p>
2NH
3
路H
2
O===[Ag(NH
3
)
2
]
锛?
锛?/p>
Cl
锛?
锛?/p>
2H
2
O
銆?/p>
(2)Cu(OH)
2
娌夋穩鏄撴憾浜庢皑姘翠腑锛屽弽搴旂殑绂诲瓙鏂圭▼寮忎负
Cu(OH)
2
锛?/p>
4NH
3
路H
2
O===[Cu(NH
3
)
4
]
2
锛?
锛?/p>
2OH
锛?
锛?/p>
4H
2
O
銆?/p>
3
锛庢憾娑茬殑閰哥⒈鎬у己寮辩殑鏀瑰彉
姘㈡盁閰告槸涓�绉嶅急閰革紝
鑻ラ�氬叆
BF
3
鎴?/p>
SiF
4
姘斾綋锛?/p>
鐢变簬鐢熸垚浜?/p>
HBF
4
銆?/p>
H
2
SiF
6
鑰屼娇婧舵恫鎴愪负寮洪吀婧舵恫銆?/p>
閰嶄綅浣撲笌涓績鍘熷瓙閰嶅悎鍚庯紝鍙互浣垮叾閰告�ф垨纰辨�у寮猴紝濡?/p>
Cu(OH)
2
锛?/p>
4NH
3
路H
2
O===[Cu(NH
3
)
4
]
2
锛?
锛?/p>
2OH
锛?
锛?/p>
4H
2
O
纰辨�у寮恒�?/p>
4
锛庣ǔ瀹氭�у寮?/p>
閰嶅悎鐗╁叿鏈変竴瀹氱殑绋冲畾鎬э紝閰嶅悎鐗╀腑鐨勯厤浣嶉敭瓒婂己锛岄厤鍚堢墿瓒婄ǔ瀹氥�備緥濡傦紝琛�绾㈢礌涓殑
Fe
2
锛?
涓?/p>
CO
鍒嗗瓙褰㈡垚鐨勯厤浣嶉敭姣?/p>
Fe
2
锛?
涓?/p>
O
2
鍒嗗瓙褰㈡垚鐨勯厤浣嶉敭寮猴紝
鍥犳琛�绾㈢礌涓殑
Fe
2
锛?
涓?/p>
CO
鍒嗗瓙缁?/p>
鍚堝悗锛屽氨寰堥毦鍐嶄笌
O
2
鍒嗗瓙缁撳悎锛岃绾㈢礌澶卞幓杈撻�佹哀姘旂殑鍔熻兘锛屼粠鑰屽鑷翠汉浣?/p>
CO
涓瘨銆?/p>
(1)
涓績鍘熷瓙鍜岄厤浣嶄綋涔嬮棿閫氳繃閰嶄綅閿粨鍚堬紝涓�鑸緢闅剧數绂汇�?/p>
(2)
閰嶄綅閿秺寮猴紝閰嶅悎鐗╄秺绋冲畾銆傚綋涓績鍘熷瓙鐩稿悓鏃讹紝閰嶅悎鐗╃殑绋冲畾鎬т笌閰嶄綅浣撶殑鎬ц川鏈夊叧銆?/p>
渚?/p>
1
鍚戜笅鍒楅厤鍚堢墿鐨勬按婧舵恫涓姞鍏?/p>
AgNO
3
婧舵恫锛屼笉鑳界敓鎴?/p>
AgCl
娌夋穩鐨勬槸
(
)
A
锛?/p>
[Co(NH
3
)
4
Cl
2
]Cl
B
锛?/p>
[Co(NH
3
)
3
Cl
3
]
C
锛?/p>
[Co(NH
3
)
6
]Cl
3
D
锛?/p>
[Co(NH
3
)
5
Cl]Cl
2