銆愮悊缁笺�戠簿鍑嗘娂棰?/p>
銆愯 姘撮噾鍗枫�戞渤鍖楃渷琛℃按涓
2020
灞婇珮鑰冩ā鎷熸娂棰樺嵎锛堜竴锛?/p>
鐞嗙缁煎悎鑳藉姏娴嬭瘯
娉ㄦ剰浜嬮」锛?/p>
1
锛庢湰璇曞嵎鍒嗙
I
鍗?/p>
(
閫夋嫨棰?/p>
)
鍜岀鈪″嵎
(
闈為�夋嫨棰?/p>
)
涓ら儴鍒嗐�傜瓟鍗峰墠锛岃�冪敓鍔″繀灏嗚嚜宸辩殑濮撳悕銆佸噯鑰?/p>
璇佸彿濉啓鍦ㄧ瓟棰樺崱涓娿�?/p>
2
锛庡洖绛旂
I
鍗锋椂锛岄�夊嚭姣忓皬棰樼瓟妗堝悗锛岀敤閾呯瑪鎶婄瓟棰樺崱涓婂搴旈鐩殑绛旀鏍囧彿娑?/p>
榛戙�傚闇�
鏀瑰姩锛岀敤姗＄毊鎿﹀共鍑�鍚庯紝鍐嶉�夋秱鍏朵粬绛旀鏍囧彿銆傚啓鍦ㄦ湰璇曞嵎涓婃棤鏁堛�?/p>
3
锛庡洖绛旂鈪″嵎鏃讹紝灏嗙瓟妗堝啓鍦ㄧ瓟棰樺崱涓娿�傚啓鍦ㄦ湰璇曞嵎涓婃棤鏁堛�?/p>
4
锛庤�冭瘯缁撴潫鍚庯紝灏嗘湰璇曞嵎鍜岀瓟棰樺崱涓�骞朵氦鍥炪�?/p>
鍙兘鐢ㄥ埌鐨勭浉瀵瑰師瀛愯川閲忥細
H 1
C 12
N 14
O 16
Si 28
Fe 56
绗?/p>
I
鍗?/p>
涓�銆侀�夋嫨棰橈細鏈鍏?/p>
13
灏忛锛屾瘡灏忛
6
鍒嗐�傚湪姣忓皬棰樼粰鍑虹殑鍥涗釜閫夐」涓紝鍙湁涓�椤规槸绗﹀悎棰樼洰瑕佹眰
鐨勩�?/p>
1
锛庝笅鍒楀叧浜庣粏鑳炰腑鏌愪簺鐗╄川鐨勫彊杩帮紝閿欒鐨勬槸
A
锛庣粍鎴愮氦缁寸礌銆佹穩绮夈�佺硸鍘熺殑鍗曚綋鏄浉鍚岀殑
B
锛?/p>
RNA
鍙互鍦ㄧ粏鑳炴牳鎴栨煇浜涚粏鑳炲櫒涓悎鎴?/p>
C
锛庢姉浣撶殑褰㈡垚涓庡垎娉岄渶瑕?/p>
A
TP
鐩存帴鎻愪緵鑳介噺
D
锛庢縺绱犲拰绁炵粡閫掕川鐨勫悎鎴愭槸鍦ㄦ牳绯栦綋涓婅繘琛岀殑
2
锛庣敳涔欎袱绉嶇墿璐ㄥ湪鑳板矝
B
缁嗚優鍐呫�佸鐨勬祿搴︽儏鍐靛鍥炬墍绀猴紝涓嬪垪鐩稿叧鍙欒堪姝ｇ‘鐨勬槸
A
锛庣敳鍙互鏄?/p>
Na
+
锛岃儼宀?/p>
B
缁嗚優鍏村鏃?/p>
Na
+
鍐呮祦浼氬鑷寸粏鑳炲唴
Na
+
娴撳害楂樹簬缁嗚優澶?/p>
B
锛庣敳鍙互鏄哀姘旓紝鍏惰繘鍏ョ粏鑳炲悗鍙互鍦ㄧ粏鑳炶川鍩鸿川鎴栫嚎绮掍綋鍙備笌鐩稿叧鍙嶅簲
C
锛庝箼鍙互鏄?/p>
DNA
锛屽叾杩愬嚭缁嗚優鍚庡彲灏嗛仐浼犱俊鎭紶閫掔粰鍏朵粬缁嗚優
D
锛庝箼鍙互鏄儼宀涚礌锛屽叾杩愬嚭缁嗚優鏃朵笉闇�瑕佽浇浣撶殑鍗忓姪
3
锛庡鍥捐〃绀虹敓鐗╀綋鍐呴仐浼犱俊鎭殑浼犻�掑拰琛ㄨ揪杩囩▼锛屼笅鍒楀彊杩颁笉姝ｇ‘鐨勬槸
A
锛庝笂杩拌繃绋嬪潎闇�瑕佹ā鏉裤�侀叾銆佽兘閲忓拰鍘熸枡锛屽苟涓斿潎閬靛惊纰卞熀浜掕ˉ閰嶅鍘熷垯
B
锛庡湪绁炵粡缁嗚優鍜岀敳鐘惰吅缁嗚優涓潎鑳借繘琛?/p>
2
杩囩▼锛屽苟涓斿舰鎴愮殑
RNA
涔熺浉鍚?/p>
C
锛庤繃绋?/p>
3
涓秹鍙婂埌
5
绉嶇⒈鍩哄拰
8
绉嶆牳鑻烽吀
D
锛?/p>
RNA
鍙戠敓鏀瑰彉锛岄�氳繃
5
杩囩▼褰㈡垚鐨勮泲鐧借川涓嶄竴瀹氬彂鐢熸敼鍙?/p>
4
锛庝笅鍒楀叧浜庢鐗╂縺绱犮�佹鐗╃敓闀胯皟鑺傚墏鐨勫彊杩颁腑锛屼笉鍚堢悊鐨勬槸
A
锛庢鐗╂縺绱犱笉鐩存帴鍙備笌缁嗚優浠ｈ阿锛屽彧浼犻�掕皟鑺備唬璋㈢殑淇℃伅
B
锛庣敤涓�瀹氭祿搴︾殑璧ら湁绱犲鐞嗙瀛愬彲浠ヤ績杩涘叾钀屽彂