鍚嶈瘝瑙ｉ噴 - 鐧惧害鏂囧簱

鏂板缓

涓婁紶

棣栭〉

鍔╂墜

鏈�杩?/div>

璧勬枡搴?/div>

宸ュ叿

鏋勫瀷锛?/p>

configuration

锛?/p>

锛?/p>

鏄�鎸囧湪绔嬩綋寮傛瀯浣撲腑鍙栦唬鍘熷瓙鎴栧熀鍥㈠湪绌洪棿鐨勫彇鍚戙�?/p>

 

鏋勮薄锛?/p>

conformation

锛?/p>

锛?/p>

鎸囪繖浜涘彇浠ｅ熀鍥㈠綋鍗曢敭鏃嬭浆鏃跺彲褰㈡垚鐨勪笉鍚岀殑绔嬩綋缁撴瀯銆?/p>

 

瓒呬簩绾х粨鏋?/p>

(super-secondary 

struture)

锛?/p>

铔嬬櫧璐ㄤ腑鐩搁偦鐨勪簩绾х粨鏋勫崟浣嶇粍鍚堝湪涓�

璧凤紝

褰㈡垚鏈夎�勫垯鐨勩�?/p>

鍦ㄧ┖闂翠笂鑳借京璁ょ殑浜岀骇缁撴瀯缁勫悎浣撶О涓鸿泲鐧借川鐨勮秴浜岀骇缁撴瀯

 

 

 

 

缁撴瀯鍩燂紙

structure domain

锛?/p>

锛?/p>

鍦ㄤ簩绾х粨鏋勭殑鍩虹��涓婏紝澶氳偨杩涗竴姝ュ嵎鏇叉姌鍙犳垚鍑犱釜

鐩稿�圭嫭绔嬨�佽繎浼肩悆褰㈢殑涓夌淮瀹炰綋锛岃繖绉嶇浉瀵圭嫭绔嬬殑涓夌淮瀹炰綋绉颁负缁撴瀯鍩熴�?/p>

 

铔嬬櫧璐ㄤ竴绾х粨鏋?/p>

(protein primary structure)

锛?/p>

鏄�鎸囧�氳偨閾剧殑姘ㄥ熀閰稿簭鍒楋紝涔熷寘鎷?/p>

澶氳偨閾句腑杩炴帴姘ㄥ熀閰告畫鍩虹殑鍏变环閿�锛屼富瑕佹槸鑲介敭鍜屼簩纭�閿�銆?/p>

 

铔嬬櫧璐ㄤ簩绾х粨鏋?/p>

(protein secondary structure)

锛氬�氳偨閾惧�熷姪姘㈤敭鎺掑垪鎴愭湁瑙勫垯鐨?/p>

伪铻烘棆鍜屛叉姌鍙犵瓑鍏冧欢

 

铔嬬櫧璐ㄧ殑涓夌骇缁撴瀯

(protein tertiary structure)

锛?/p>

澶氳偨閿�鍦ㄤ簩绾х粨鏋勭殑鍩虹��涓婏紝閫?/p>

杩囦晶閾惧熀鍥㈢殑鐩镐簰浣滅敤杩涗竴姝ュ嵎鏇叉姌鍙狅紝

鍊熷姪娆＄骇閿�缁寸郴浣课憋紞铻烘棆銆?/p>

尾锛嶆姌鍙?/p>

鐗囥�佄诧紞杞�瑙掔瓑浜岀骇缁撴瀯鐩镐簰閰嶇疆鑰屽舰鎴愮壒瀹氱殑鏋勮薄銆?/p>

 

鍥涚骇缁撴瀯

 

(protein quaternary structure)

锛?/p>

鍏锋湁涓夌骇缁撴瀯鐨勫�氳偨閾炬寜涓�瀹氱殑绌洪棿

鎺掑垪鏂瑰紡閫氳繃闈炲叡浠烽敭缂斿悎褰㈡垚鐨勮泲鐧借川澶у垎瀛愩�?/p>

 

铔嬬櫧璐ㄧ殑鍙樻�?/p>

锛?/p>

denaturation

锛?/p>

锛?/p>

澶╃劧铔嬬櫧璐ㄥ垎瀛愬彈鍒版煇浜涚墿鐞嗗洜绱犳垨鍖栧�﹀洜绱犵�?/p>

褰卞搷鏃讹紝

鐢熺墿娲绘�т抚澶憋紝

婧惰В搴﹂檷浣庯紝

涓嶅�圭О鎬у�為珮浠ュ強鍏朵粬鐨勭墿鐞嗗寲瀛﹀父鏁板�?/p>

鐢熸敼鍙橈紝杩欑�嶈繃绋嬬О涓哄彉鎬т綔鐢ㄣ�?/p>

 

澶氭牳鑻烽吀閾?/p>

锛?/p>

鏍搁吀灏辨槸鐢辫�稿�氭牳鑻烽吀鍗曚綅閫氳繃

3鈥?5鈥?/p>

-

纾烽吀浜岄叝閿�杩炴帴璧锋潵褰㈡垚鐨�

涓嶅惈渚ч摼鐨勯暱閾剧姸鍖栧悎鐗┿�?/p>

 

鍙樻�?/p>

(denaturation)

锛?/p>

鏍搁吀鍙岃灪鏃嬪尯鍥犲姞鐑�銆侀吀銆佺⒈銆佸拰浣庣�诲瓙寮哄害鐨勫奖鍝嶏紝纰�

鍩哄�规媶绂伙紝鍙岄摼瑙ｅ紑锛岀О涓哄彉鎬?/p>

 

DNA

鐨勫�嶆�э紙

renaturation

锛?/p>

:

鍦ㄤ竴瀹氭潯浠朵笅锛屽彉鎬?/p>

DNA 

鍙�浣夸袱鏉″垎寮�鐨勯摼閲嶆柊

缂斿悎锛屾仮澶嶅弻铻烘棆缁撴瀯锛岃繖涓�杩囩▼鎴愪负澶嶆�с�?/p>

 

澧炶壊鏁堝簲锛?/p>

(hyperchromic effect):

鐢变簬鏍搁吀鍙樻�ц�屽紩璧风传澶栧厜鍚告敹澧炲姞鐨勭幇璞°�?/p>

 

鍑忚壊鏁堝簲

 

(hypochromic effect )

锛氱敱浜庢牳閰稿�嶆�ц�屽紩璧风传澶栧厜鍚告敹鍑忓皯鐨勭幇璞°�?/p>

 

鐑�鍙樻�?/p>

锛?/p>

鐢ㄥ姞鐑�鐨勬柟娉曚娇鏍搁吀鍙樻�с�?/p>

 

DNA

鐨勬憾瑙ｆ俯搴?/p>

(milting temperature)

锛?/p>

閫氬父鎶?/p>

DNA

鐑�鍙樻�у紩璧风墿鍖栨�ц川鏀瑰彉涓�

鍗婃椂鐨勬俯搴︾О涓?/p>

DNA

鐨勬憾瑙ｆ俯搴︺�?/p>

 

閫�鐏?/p>

(annealing)

锛?/p>

浣跨儹鍙樻�?/p>

DNA

缂撴參鍐峰嵈锛屽垯鍙�鍙戠敓澶嶆�э紝姝よ繃绋嬬О涓洪��鐏�銆?/p>

 

閰?/p>

(enzyme)

锛?/p>

閰舵槸娲荤粏鑳炰骇鐢熺殑涓�绫诲叿鏈夊偓鍖栧姛鑳界殑鐢熺墿鍒嗗瓙锛?/p>

鎵�浠ュ張绉颁负鐢熺墿

鍌�鍖栧墏銆?/p>

 

鍗曚綋閰讹紙

monomeric enzyme)

锛氱敱涓�涓�浜氬熀鏋勬垚锛岄�氬父灏辨槸涓�鏉″�氳偨閾撅紝澶氭暟涓�

姘磋В閰剁被銆?/p>

 

瀵¤仛閰?/p>

 

(oligomeric 

enzyme)

锛氱敱鍑犱釜鎴栧�氫釜浜氬熀缁勬垚锛屼簹鍩虹墷鍥哄湴鑱斿湪涓�璧凤紝

鍗曚釜浜氬熀娌℃湁鍌�鍖栨椿鎬с�?/p>

 

澶氶叾澶嶅悎鐗?/p>

 

(multienzyme system)

锛氬嚑涓�閰堕暥宓岃�屾垚鐨勫�嶅悎鐗┿�?/p>

 

閰剁殑姣旀椿鍔?/p>

(specific activity)

锛?/p>

姣?/p>

mg

铔嬬櫧鎵�鍏锋湁鐨勯叾娲诲姏鍗曚綅鏁般�?/p>

 

Km

涓虹背姘忓父鏁帮細

瀹冭〃绀洪叾淇冨弽搴旈�熷害杈惧埌鏈�澶у弽搴旈�熷害涓�鍗婃椂鐨勫簳鐗╂祿搴︺�?/p>

 

閰剁殑绔炰簤鎬ф姂鍒朵綔鐢?/p>

锛?/p>

鎶戝埗鍓傜殑鍖栧�︾粨鏋勪笌搴曠墿鐩镐技锛�

鑳戒笌搴曠墿绔熶簤閰舵椿鎬т腑蹇冿紝

浠庤�岄樆纰嶉叾涓庡簳鐗╃粨鍚堝舰鎴愪腑闂翠骇鐗╋紝杩欑�嶆姂鍒朵綔鐢ㄧО绔炰簤鎬ф姂鍒朵綔鐢ㄣ�?/p>

 

闈炵珵浜夋�ф姂鍒讹紙

noncompetitive inhibition

锛?/p>

锛?/p>

鎶戝埗鍓傚湪閰舵椿鎬т腑蹇冧互澶栫殑鍦版柟涓?/p>

閰剁粨鍚堛�?/p>

鏃㈠彲浠ヤ笌娓哥�婚叾缁撳悎锛�

涔熷彲浠ヤ笌

ES

澶嶅悎鐗╃粨鍚堬紝

浣块叾鐨勫偓鍖栨椿鎬ч檷浣庯紝

绉颁负闈炵珵浜夋�ф姂鍒躲�?/p>