绗簩绔?/p>
鏍搁吀
涓�銆?/p>
姣旇緝
mRNA
銆?/p>
tRNA
銆?/p>
rRNA
鐨勫垎甯冿紝缁撴瀯鐗圭偣鍙婂姛鑳?/p>
mRNA
涓昏鍒嗗竷鍦ㄦ槸浠ユ父绂荤姸鎬佺殑瀛樺湪浜庣粏鑳炶川涓紝
tRNA
涓昏鍒嗗竷鍦ㄧ粏鑳炴牳涓紝
rRNA
鏄牳绯栦綋鐨勭粍鎴愰儴鍒嗐�?/p>
1.
mRNA
鐨勭粨鏋勪笌鍔熻兘锛?/p>
mRNA
鏄崟閾炬牳閰革紝鍏跺湪鐪熸牳鐢熺墿涓殑鍒濈骇浜х墿绉颁负
HnRNA
銆傚ぇ澶氭暟鐪熸牳鎴愮啛鐨?/p>
mRNA
鍒嗗瓙鍏锋湁鍏稿瀷鐨?/p>
5鈥?/p>
-
绔殑
7-
鐢插熀楦熻嫹涓夌７閰?/p>
锛?/p>
m
7
G
锛夊附瀛愮粨鏋勫拰
3鈥?/p>
-
绔殑澶氳仛鑵鸿嫹閰?/p>
(polyA)
灏惧反缁撴瀯銆?/p>
mRNA
鐨勫姛鑳芥槸涓鸿泲
鐧借川鐨勫悎鎴愭彁渚涙ā鏉匡紝鍒嗗瓙涓甫鏈夐仐浼犲瘑鐮併�傚師鏍哥敓鐗╃殑
mRNA
涓�鑸槸澶氶『鍙?/p>
瀛愩�傜湡鏍哥敓鐗╃殑
mRNA
涓�鑸槸鍗曢『鍙嶅瓙銆?/p>
2. tRNA
鐨勭粨鏋勪笌鍔熻兘锛?/p>
tRNA
鏄垎瀛愭渶灏忥紝
浣嗗惈鏈夌█鏈夌⒈鍩烘渶澶氱殑
RNA
銆?/p>
tRNA
鐨勪簩绾х粨鏋勭敱浜庡眬閮ㄥ弻铻烘棆鐨勫舰鎴愯�岃〃鐜颁负
鈥?/p>
涓夊彾鑽?/p>
鈥?/p>
褰紝鏁呯О涓?/p>
鈥?/p>
涓夊彾鑽?/p>
鈥?/p>
缁撴瀯锛?/p>
鍙垎涓猴細鈶犳皑鍩洪吀鑷傦細
3鈥?/p>
-
绔兘甯︽湁
-CCA-
椤哄簭锛屽彲涓庢皑鍩洪吀缁撳悎鑰屾惡甯︽皑鍩洪吀銆?/p>
鈶?/p>
DHU
鑷?/p>
/
鐜細鍚湁浜屾阿灏垮槯鍟舵牳鑻枫�傗憿鍙嶅瘑鐮佽噦
/
鐜細鍏跺弽瀵嗙爜鐜腑閮ㄧ殑涓変釜鏍?/p>
鑻烽吀缁勬垚涓夎仈浣擄紝鍦ㄨ泲鐧借川鐢熺墿鍚堟垚涓紝鍙互鐢ㄦ潵璇嗗埆
mRNA
涓婄浉搴旂殑瀵嗙爜锛?/p>
鏁呯О涓哄弽瀵嗙爜锛?/p>
anticoden
锛?/p>
銆傗懀
T蠄C
鑷?/p>
/
鐜細鍚繚瀹堢殑
T蠄C
椤哄簭銆傗懁鍙彉鐜�?/p>
3. rRNA
鐨勭粨鏋勪笌鍔熻兘锛?/p>
rRNA
鏄粏鑳炰腑鍚噺鏈�澶氱殑
RNA
锛屽彲涓庤泲鐧借川涓�璧锋瀯鎴?/p>
鏍歌泲鐧戒綋锛屼綔涓鸿泲鐧借川鐢熺墿鍚堟垚鐨勫満鎵�銆傚師鏍哥敓鐗╀腑鐨?/p>
rRNA
鏈変笁绉嶏細
5S
锛?/p>
16S
锛?/p>
23S
銆傜湡鏍哥敓鐗╀腑鐨?/p>
rRNA
鏈夊洓绉嶏細
5S
锛?/p>
5.8S
锛?/p>
18S
锛?/p>
28S
銆?/p>
浜岋紟绠�杩?/p>
DNA
鍙岃灪鏃嬬粨鏋勬ā鍨嬭鐐?/p>
1
涓ゆ潯骞宠鐨勫鏍歌嫹閰搁摼锛屼互鐩稿弽鐨勬柟鍚?/p>
(
鍗充竴鏉＄敱
5
鈥樷�?/p>
3
鈥?/p>
锛屽彟涓�鏉＄敱
3
鈥樷�?/p>
5
鈥?/p>
)
鍥寸粫
鍚屼竴涓?/p>
(
鎯冲儚鐨?/p>
)
涓績杞达紝浠ュ彸鎵嬫棆杞柟寮忔瀯鎴愪竴涓弻铻烘棆銆?/p>
2
鐤忔按鐨勫槍鍛ゅ拰鍢у暥纰卞熀骞抽潰灞傚彔浜庤灪鏃嬬殑鍐呬晶锛屼翰姘寸殑纾烽吀鍩哄拰鑴辨哀鏍哥硸浠ョ７
閰镐簩閰敭鐩歌繛褰㈡垚鐨勯鏋朵綅浜庤灪鏃嬬殑澶栦晶銆?/p>
3
鍐呬晶纰卞熀鎴愬钩闈㈢姸锛岀⒈鍩哄钩闈笌涓績杞寸浉鍨傜洿锛岃劚姘ф牳绯栫殑骞抽潰涓庣⒈鍩哄钩闈㈠嚑
涔庢垚鐩磋銆傛瘡涓钩闈笂鏈変袱涓⒈鍩?/p>
(
姣忔潯閾惧悇涓�涓?/p>
)
褰㈡垚纰卞熀瀵广�傜浉閭荤⒈鍩哄钩闈㈠湪
铻烘棆杞翠箣闂寸殑璺濈涓?/p>
0.34nm,
鏃嬭浆澶硅涓?/p>
36
搴︺�傛瘡鍗佸鏍歌嫹閰哥粫涓績鏃嬭浆涓�鍦堬紝
鏁呰灪鏃嬬殑铻鸿窛涓?/p>
3.4nm.
4
鍙岃灪鏃嬬殑鐩村緞涓?/p>
2nm.
娌胯灪鏃嬬殑涓績杞村舰鎴愮殑澶ф矡鍜屽皬娌熶氦鏇垮嚭鐜般�?/p>
DNA
鍙岃灪
鏃嬩箣闂村舰鎴愮殑娌熶负澶ф矡锛屼袱鏉?/p>
DNA
閾句箣闂寸殑娌熶负灏忔矡銆?/p>
5
涓ゆ潯閾捐纰卞熀瀵逛箣闂村舰鎴愮殑姘㈤敭绋冲畾鍦扮淮绯诲湪涓�璧枫�傚弻铻烘棆涓紝纰卞熀鎬绘槸鑵哄槍
鍛や笌鑳歌吅鍢у暥閰嶅锛岄笩鍢屽懁涓庤優鍢у暥閰嶅銆?/p>
绗笁绔?/p>
铔嬬櫧璐?/p>
绠�杩拌泲鐧借川
伪
-
铻烘棆鍜?/p>
尾
-
鎶樺彔
伪
-
铻烘棆
澶氳偨閾鹃鏋讹紝
鍥寸粫鍚屼竴涓績杞村憟铻烘棆寮忎笂鍗囷紝
褰㈡垚褰㈡垚妫掔姸鐨勮灪鏃嬬粨鏋勶紝
鍏朵富瑕佺壒鐐规湁锛?/p>
鈶犺偨閾鹃鏋跺洿缁曚竴涓酱浠ヨ灪鏃嬬殑鏂瑰紡浼稿睍銆?/p>
鈶¤灪鏃嬪舰鎴愭槸鑷彂鐨勩�?/p>
鈶㈡瘡闅?/p>
3.6