鏇茬嚎杩愬姩
涓�銆佹洸绾胯繍鍔?/p>
锛?/p>
1
锛夋潯浠讹細璐ㄧ偣鎵�鍙楀悎澶栧姏鐨勬柟鍚戯紙鎴栧姞閫熷害鏂瑰悜锛夎窡瀹冪殑閫熷害鏂瑰悜涓嶅湪鍚屼竴鐩寸嚎涓娿�?/p>
鈶犲寑鍙橀�熸洸绾胯繍鍔細鑻ュ仛鏇茬嚎杩愬姩鐨勭墿浣撳彈鐨勬槸鎭掑姏锛屽嵆鍔犻�熷害澶у皬銆佹柟鍚戦兘涓嶅彉鐨勬洸绾胯繍鍔紝
濡傚钩鎶涜繍鍔紱
鈶″彉鍔犻�熸洸绾胯繍鍔細鑻ュ仛鏇茬嚎杩愬姩鐨勭墿浣撴墍鍙楃殑鏄彉鍔涳紝鍔犻�熷害鏀瑰彉锛屽鍖�閫熷渾鍛ㄨ繍鍔ㄣ�?/p>
锛?/p>
2
锛夌壒鐐癸細
鈶犳洸绾胯繍鍔ㄧ殑閫熷害鏂瑰悜涓嶆柇鍙樺寲锛屾晠鏇茬嚎杩愬姩涓�瀹氭槸鍙橀�熻繍鍔ㄣ�?/p>
鈶℃洸绾胯繍鍔ㄨ建杩逛笂鏌愮偣鐨勫垏绾挎柟鍚戣〃绀鸿鐐圭殑閫熷害鏂瑰悜銆?/p>
鈶㈡洸绾胯繍鍔ㄧ殑杞ㄨ抗鍚戝悎鍔涙墍鎸囦竴鏂瑰集鏇诧紝鍚堝姏鎸囧悜杞ㄨ抗鐨勫嚬渚с�?/p>
鈶ｅ綋鐗╀綋鍙楀埌鐨勫悎澶栧姏鐨勬柟鍚戜笌閫熷害鏂瑰悜鐨勫す瑙掍负閿愯鏃讹紝鐗╀綋鍋氭洸绾胯繍鍔ㄩ�熺巼灏嗗澶э紱褰撶墿浣撳彈鍒?/p>
鐨勫悎澶栧姏鐨勬柟鍚戜笌閫熷害鏂瑰悜鐨勫す瑙掍负閽濊鏃讹紝鐗╀綋鍋氭洸绾胯繍鍔ㄧ殑閫熺巼灏嗗噺灏忥紱褰撶墿浣撳彈鍒扮殑鍚堝鍔涚殑
鏂瑰悜涓庨�熷害鏂瑰悜鐨勫す瑙掍负
90
搴︽椂锛岀墿浣撳仛鏇茬嚎杩愬姩閫熺巼灏嗕笉鍙樸�?/p>
2.
杩愬姩鐨勫悎鎴愪笌鍒嗚В锛堟寚浣嶇Щ銆侀�熷害銆佸姞閫熷害涓変釜鐗╃悊閲忕殑鍚堟垚鍜屽垎瑙ｏ級
锛?/p>
1
锛夊悎杩愬姩鍜屽垎杩愬姩鍏崇郴锛氱瓑鏃舵�с�佺瓑鏁堟�с�佺嫭绔嬫�с�佺煝閲忔�с�佺浉鍏虫�?/p>
鈶犵瓑鏃舵�э細鍚堣繍鍔ㄦ墍闇�鏃堕棿鍜屽搴旂殑姣忎釜鍒嗚繍鍔ㄦ墍闇�鏃堕棿鐩哥瓑銆?/p>
鈶＄瓑鏁堟�э細鍚堣繍鍔ㄧ殑鏁堟灉鍜屽悇鍒嗚繍鍔ㄧ殑鏁翠綋鏁堟灉鏄浉鍚岀殑锛屽悎杩愬姩鍜屽垎杩愬姩鏄瓑鏁堟浛浠ｅ叧绯伙紝涓嶈兘骞?/p>
瀛樸�?/p>
鈶㈢嫭绔嬫�э細姣忎釜鍒嗚繍鍔ㄩ兘鏄嫭绔嬬殑锛屼笉鍙楀叾浠栬繍鍔ㄧ殑褰卞搷
鈶ｇ煝閲忔�э細鍔犻�熷害銆侀�熷害銆佷綅绉婚兘鏄煝閲忥紝鍏跺悎鎴愬拰鍒嗚В閬靛惊骞宠鍥涜竟褰㈠畾鍒?/p>
鈶ょ浉鍏虫�э細鍚堣繍鍔ㄧ殑鎬ц川鏄敱鍒嗚繍鍔ㄦ�ц川鍐冲畾鐨?/p>
锛?/p>
2
锛変粠宸茬煡鐨勫垎杩愬姩鏉ユ眰鍚堣繍鍔紝鍙仛杩愬姩鐨勫悎鎴愶紱姹傚凡鐭ヨ繍鍔ㄧ殑鍒嗚繍鍔紝鍙繍鍔ㄧ殑鍒嗚В銆?/p>
鈶犵墿浣撶殑瀹為檯杩愬姩鏄悎杩愬姩
鈶￠�熷害銆佹椂闂淬�佷綅绉汇�佸姞閫熷害瑕佷竴涓�瀵瑰簲
鈶㈠鏋滃垎杩愬姩閮藉湪鍚屼竴鏉＄洿绾夸笂锛岄渶閫夊彇姝ｆ柟鍚戯紝涓庢鏂瑰悜鐩稿悓鐨勯噺鍙栨锛岀浉鍙嶇殑閲忓彇璐燂紝鐭㈤噺杩愮畻
绠�鍖栦负浠ｆ暟杩愮畻銆傚鏋滃垎杩愬姩浜掓垚瑙掑害锛岃繍鍔ㄥ悎鎴愯閬靛惊骞宠鍥涜竟褰㈠畾鍒?/p>
3.
灏忚埞娓℃渤闂
涓�鏉″搴︿负
L
鐨勬渤娴侊紝姘存祦閫熷害涓?/p>
V
s
锛岃埞鍦ㄩ潤姘翠腑鐨勯�熷害涓?/p>
V
c
锛?/p>
1
锛夋浮娌虫椂闂存渶鐭細
璁捐埞涓婂ご鏂滃悜涓婃父涓庢渤宀告垚浠绘剰瑙捨革紝杩欐椂鑸归�熷湪鍨傜洿浜庢渤宀告柟鍚戠殑閫熷害鍒嗛噺
V
1
=V
c
sin
胃
,
娓℃渤鎵�
闇�鏃堕棿涓猴細
飦?
sin
c
V
L
t
飥?
锛?/p>
sin90=1
褰撹埞澶翠笌娌冲哺鍨傜洿鏃讹紝娓℃渤鏃堕棿鏈�鐭紝
c
V
L
t
飥?
m
in
锛堜笌姘撮�熺殑澶у皬鏃犲叧锛?/p>
娓℃渤浣嶇Щ锛?/p>
2
2
2
t
v
L
s
s
飥?/p>
飥?
锛?/p>
2
锛夋浮娌充綅绉绘渶鐭細
鈶犲綋
V
c
>V
s
鏃?/p>
V
s
= V
c
cos
胃娓℃渤浣嶇Щ鏈�鐭?/p>
L
s
飥?/p>
min
锛涙浮娌虫椂闂翠负
飦?
sin
v
L
t
飥?
鑸瑰ご搴旀寚鍚戞渤鐨勪笂娓革紝骞朵笌娌冲哺鎴愪竴瀹氱殑瑙掑害胃
=arccosV
s
/V
c
鈶″綋
V
c
>V
s
鏃朵互
V
s
鐨勭煝灏栦负鍦嗗績锛屼互
V
c
涓哄崐寰勭敾鍦嗭紝褰?/p>
V
涓庡渾鐩稿垏鏃讹紝伪瑙掓渶澶э紝
V
c
=V
s
cos
胃
,
鑸瑰ご涓?/p>
娌冲哺鐨勫す瑙掍负锛毼?/p>
=arccosV
c
/V
s
銆?/p>