绗?/p>
1
椤?/p>
楂樹竴鍖栧蹇呬慨涓�鐗╄川鐨勯噺銆侀樋浼忎冀寰风綏甯告暟杈呭璁蹭箟
鎺堣涓婚
鍖栧璁￠噺鍦ㄥ疄楠屼腑鐨勫簲鐢?/p>
鏁欏鐩殑
1
銆佽璇嗘懇灏旀槸鐗╄川鐨勯噺鐨勫熀鏈崟浣嶏紝
浜嗚В鐗╄川鐨勯噺涓庡井瑙傜矑瀛愪箣闂寸殑鍏崇郴锛屼簡瑙?/p>
鎽╁皵璐ㄩ噺
鐨勬蹇碉紝鎳傚緱闃夸紡鍔犲痉缃楀父鏁扮殑娑典箟銆?/p>
2
銆佷簡瑙ｇ墿璐ㄧ殑閲忋�佹懇灏旇川閲忋�佺墿璐ㄧ殑璐ㄩ噺涔嬮棿鐨勫叧绯伙紝
鑳界敤浜庤繘琛岀畝鍗曠殑鍖栧璁＄畻銆?/p>
鏁欏閲嶉毦鐐?/p>
鐗╄川鐨勯噺鍙婂崟浣嶏紱鎽╁皵璐ㄩ噺鐨勬蹇靛拰鏈夊叧鎽╁皵璐ㄩ噺鐨勮绠?/p>
鏁欏鍐呭
涓�銆佹湰鑺傜煡璇嗙偣璁茶В
鐭ヨ瘑鐐逛竴
鐗╄川鐨勯噺
1.
鐗╄川鐨勯噺鐨勬蹇?/p>
琛ㄧず鍚湁涓�瀹氭暟鐩矑瀛愮殑闆嗗悎浣擄紝绗﹀彿涓?/p>
n
锛岀墿璐ㄧ殑閲忔槸涓�涓暣浣擄紝涓嶈兘璇存垚
鈥?/p>
鐗╄川閲?/p>
鈥?/p>
鎴?/p>
鈥?/p>
鐗╄川鐨勮川閲?/p>
鈥?/p>
銆?/p>
2
锛庣墿璐ㄧ殑閲忕殑鍗曚綅
鈥斺�?/p>
鎽╁皵
鈶犵墿璐ㄧ殑閲忎綔涓轰竴涓墿鐞嗛噺锛屽悓鍏朵粬鐗╃悊閲忎竴鏍凤紝涔熸湁鍏跺崟浣嶃�傜墿璐ㄧ殑閲忕殑鍗曚綅鏄懇灏旓紝绠�绉版懇锛岀鍙锋槸
mol
銆?/p>
鈶?/p>
鈥?/p>
鎽╁皵
鈥?/p>
鐨勬爣鍑嗭細濡傛灉鍦ㄤ竴瀹氶噺鐨勭矑瀛愰泦鍚堜綋涓墍鍚殑绮掑瓙鏁颁笌
0.012
kg
12
C
涓墍鍚殑纰冲師瀛愭暟鐩稿悓锛岃绮掑瓙鐨勭墿
璐ㄧ殑閲忓氨鏄?/p>
1 mol
銆?/p>
鈶?/p>
1 mol
浠讳綍绮掑瓙鎵�鍚湁鐨勭矑瀛愭暟閮界浉绛夈�傜瀛﹀疄楠岃〃鏄庯紝鍦?/p>
0.012 kg
12
C
涓墍鍚湁鐨勭⒊鍘熷瓙鏁扮害涓?/p>
6.02脳
10
23
銆傚洜
姝わ紝鎴戜滑甯稿父琛ㄨ堪涓?/p>
1 mol O
涓害鍚湁
6.02脳
10
23
涓?/p>
O
锛?/p>
1 mol H
2
O
涓害鍚湁
6.02脳
10
23
涓?/p>
H
2
O
锛?/p>
1 mol NO
3
锛?
涓害鍚湁
6.02脳
10
23
涓?/p>
NO
3
锛?
绛夈�?/p>
鍗?/p>
1 mol
绮掑瓙闆嗕綋閮界害鍚?/p>
6.02脳
10
23
涓矑瀛愩�?/p>
鈶翠娇鐢ㄧ墿璐ㄧ殑閲忔椂锛岃〃杩拌纭垏锛屾寚浠ｉ』鏄庣‘銆備竴鑸敤鏁伴噺
+
鍗曚綅
+
绮掑瓙锛堜竴鑸敤閫傚綋鐨勭鍙锋垨鍖栧寮忥級鏉ヨ〃绀哄叿浣?/p>
寰矑鐨勭墿璐ㄧ殑閲忋�?/p>
濡?/p>
1 mol H
琛ㄧず
1mol
姘㈠師瀛愶紝
1 mol H
2
琛ㄧず
1 mol
姘㈠垎瀛?/p>
锛堟垨姘㈡皵锛?/p>
锛?/p>
1 mol H
+
琛ㄧず
1 mol
姘?/p>
绂诲瓙锛屼絾鏄鏋滆
鈥? mol
姘?/p>
鈥?/p>
鍒欓敊璇�?/p>
鈶垫懇灏斾綔涓虹墿璐ㄧ殑閲忕殑鍗曚綅锛屽彲浠ヨ閲忔墍鏈夌殑寰绮掑瓙锛堝寘鎷師瀛愩�佸垎瀛愩�佺瀛愩�佽川瀛愩�佷腑瀛愩�佺數瀛愩�佸師瀛愬洟绛夛級锛?/p>
浣嗕笉鑳借〃绀哄畯瑙傜墿璐紝渚嬪锛屼笉鑳借
鈥? mol
灏忕背
鈥?/p>
銆?/p>
鈥? mol
涔掍箵鐞?/p>
鈥?/p>
绛夈�?/p>
鈶跺浜庣數瑙ｈ川锛岃鏄庣‘鍐呭湪鑱旂郴锛屽
1 mol Na
2
SO
4
涓惈
2 mol Na
+
鍜?/p>
1 mol SO
4
2
锛?
銆?/p>
渚嬮锛?/p>
1
銆佷笅鍒楁湁鍏崇墿璐ㄧ殑閲忕殑璇存硶锛屾纭殑鏄?/p>
(
)
A
锛庣墿璐ㄧ殑閲忓氨鏄寚鐗╄川鐨勫灏?/p>
B
锛庡師瀛愩�佺數瀛愩�佷腑瀛愩�佹瀛愮瓑閮藉彲鐢ㄧ墿璐ㄧ殑閲忔潵鎻忚堪
C
锛庣墿璐ㄧ殑閲忔槸鐢ㄦ潵鎻忚堪寰绮掑瓙鐨勭墿鐞嗛噺
D
锛庣浉鍚岀墿璐ㄧ殑閲忕殑
SO
2
鍜?/p>
SO
3
涓紝
S
鍘熷瓙鐨勭墿璐ㄧ殑閲忎笉鍚?/p>
2
銆佷笅鍒楄娉曚腑姝ｇ‘鐨勬槸
(
)