1
鍖栧閫変慨
4
鍖栧鍙嶅簲鍘熺悊璇惧悗涔犻鍜岀瓟妗?/p>
绗竴绔?/p>
鍖栧鍙嶅簲涓庤兘閲?/p>
绗竴鑺?/p>
鍖栧鍙嶅簲涓庤兘閲忕殑鍙樺寲
P5
涔犻
1.
涓句緥璇存槑浠�涔堝彨鍙嶅簲鐑紝瀹冪殑绗﹀彿鍜屽崟浣嶆槸浠�涔堬紵
2.
鐢ㄧ墿璐ㄧ粨鏋勭殑鐭ヨ瘑璇存槑涓轰粈涔堟湁鐨勫弽搴斿惛鐑紝鏈夌殑鍙嶅簲鏀剧儹銆?/p>
3.
渚濇嵁浜嬪疄锛屽啓鍑轰笅鍒楀弽搴旂殑鐑寲瀛︽柟绋嬪紡銆?/p>
(1)1 mol N
2
(g)
涓庨�傞噺
H
2
锛?/p>
g
锛夎捣鍙嶅簲锛岀敓鎴?/p>
NH
3
锛?/p>
g
锛?/p>
锛屾斁鍑?/p>
92.2 kJ
鐑噺銆?/p>
(2)1 mol N
2
(g)
涓庨�傞噺
O
2
锛?/p>
g
锛夎捣鍙嶅簲锛岀敓鎴?/p>
NO
2
锛?/p>
g
锛?/p>
锛屽惛鏀?/p>
68 kJ
鐑噺銆?/p>
(3)1 mol Cu(s)
涓庨�傞噺
O
2
锛?/p>
g
锛夎捣鍙嶅簲锛岀敓鎴?/p>
CuO
锛?/p>
s
锛?/p>
锛屾斁鍑?/p>
157 kJ
鐑噺銆?/p>
(4)1 mol C(s)
涓庨�傞噺
H
2
O
锛?/p>
g
锛夎捣鍙嶅簲锛岀敓鎴?/p>
CO
锛?/p>
g
锛夊拰
H
2
(g)
锛屽惛鏀?/p>
131.3 kJ
鐑噺銆?/p>
(5)
鍗槦鍙戝皠鏃跺彲鐢ㄨ偧锛?/p>
N
2
H
4
锛変綔鐕冩枡锛?/p>
1 mol N
2
H
4
(l)
鍦?/p>
O
2
锛?/p>
g
锛変腑鐕冪儳锛岀敓鎴?/p>
N
2
锛?/p>
g
锛夊拰
H2O
锛?/p>
l
锛?/p>
锛屾斁鍑?/p>
622 kJ
鐑噺銆?/p>
(6)
姹芥补鐨勯噸瑕佹垚鍒嗘槸杈涚兎锛?/p>
C
8
H1
8
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
1
mol
C
8
H1
8
(l)
鍦?/p>
O
2
锛?/p>
g
锛変腑鐕冪儳锛岀敓鎴?/p>
CO
2
锛?/p>
g
锛夊拰
H
2
O
锛?/p>
l
锛?/p>
锛屾斁鍑?/p>
5
518
kJ
鐑噺銆?/p>
4.
鏍规嵁涓嬪垪鍥惧紡锛屽啓鍑哄弽搴旂殑鐑寲瀛︽柟绋嬪紡銆?/p>
P
6
涔犻
1.
涓句緥璇存槑浠�涔堝彨鍙嶅簲鐑紝瀹冪殑绗﹀彿鍜屽崟浣嶆槸浠�涔堬紵
1
銆?/p>
鍖栧鍙嶅簲杩囩▼涓墍閲婃斁鎴栧惛鏀剁殑鐑噺鍙仛鍙嶅簲鐑�傛亽鍘嬫潯浠朵笅锛屽畠绛変簬鍙嶅簲鍓嶅悗鐗╄川鐨勭創鍙樸�傘�佺鍙锋槸
螖
H
銆?/p>
鍗曚綅鏄?/p>
kJ/mol
鎴?/p>
kJ
鈥?/p>
mol
-1
銆備緥濡?/p>
1molH
2
锛?/p>
g
锛夌噧鐑э紝鐢熸垚
1molH
2
O
锛?/p>
g
锛夛紝鍏跺弽搴旂儹
螖
H
锛濓紞
241.8kJ/mol
銆?/p>
2.
鐢ㄧ墿璐ㄧ粨鏋勭殑鐭ヨ瘑璇存槑涓轰粈涔堟湁鐨勫弽搴斿惛鐑紝鏈夌殑鍙嶅簲鏀剧儹銆?/p>
2
銆?/p>
鍖栧鍙嶅簲鐨勫疄璐ㄥ氨鏄弽搴旂墿鍒嗗瓙涓寲瀛﹂敭鏂锛屽舰鎴愭柊鐨勫寲瀛﹂敭锛岄噸鏂扮粍鍚堟垚鐢熸垚鐗╃殑鍒嗗瓙銆傛棫閿柇瑁傞渶瑕佸惛
鏀惰兘閲忥紝鏂伴敭褰㈡垚瑕佹斁鍑鸿兘閲忋�傚綋鍙嶅簲瀹屾垚鏃讹紝鑻ョ敓鎴愮墿閲婃斁鐨勮兘閲忔瘮鍙嶅簲鐗╁惛鏀剁殑鑳介噺澶э紝鍒欐鍙嶅簲涓烘斁鐑?/p>
鍙嶅簲锛涜嫢鐢熸垚鐗╅噴鏀剧殑鑳介噺姣斿弽搴旂墿鍚告敹鐨勮兘閲忓皬锛屽弽搴旂墿闇�瑕佸惛鏀惰兘閲忔墠鑳借浆鍖栦负鐢熸垚鐗╋紝鍒欐鍙嶅簲涓哄惛鐑?/p>
鍙嶅簲銆?/p>
P
10
涔犻
1
銆佺噧鐑х儹鏁版嵁瀵圭敓浜с�佺敓娲绘湁浠�涔堝疄闄呮剰涔夛紵
1
銆佸湪鐢熶骇鍜岀敓娲讳腑锛屽彲浠ユ牴鎹噧鐑х儹鐨勬暟鎹�夋嫨鐕冩枡銆傚鐢茬兎銆佷箼鐑枫�佷笝鐑枫�佺敳閱囥�佷箼閱囥�佹阿姘旂殑鐕冪儳鐑�煎潎寰堥珮锛?/p>
瀹冧滑閮芥槸鑹ソ鐨勭噧鏂?/p>
2
銆佺煶娌硅祫婧愭�绘湁涓�澶╀細鏋锛岀幇鍦ㄥ氨搴旇瀵绘眰搴斿鎺柦銆傜洰鍓嶅凡浣跨敤鐢查唶銆佷箼閱囦綔涓烘苯娌圭殑浠ｇ敤鍝侊紝杩欐牱鍋氱殑濂藉鏄?/p>
浠�涔堬紵
鍖栫煶鐕冩枡钑磋棌閲忔湁闄愶紝涓嶈兘鍐嶇敓锛?/p>
鏈�缁堝皢浼氭灟绔紝鍥犳鐜板湪灏卞簲璇ュ鎵惧搴旀帾鏂姐�傛帾鏂戒箣涓�灏辨槸鐢ㄧ敳閱囥�佷箼閱囦唬