楂樹腑鍖栧瀛︿範鏉愭枡
閲戞垐閾侀獞鏁寸悊鍒朵綔
姹熻タ鐪佹柊寤哄尯
2016
灞婂姞寮虹彮楂樿�冩ā鎷熻缁冣�斺�旂悊绉戠患鍚?
璇曞嵎涓夊寲瀛﹁瘯棰?/p>
绗厾鍗?/p>
锛堥�夋嫨棰橈紝姣忓皬棰?/p>
6
鍒嗭紝鍏?/p>
48
鍒嗭級
鍦ㄤ笅鍒楀悇棰樼殑鍥涗釜閫夐」涓紝鍙湁涓�涓�夐」鏄鍚堥鐩姹傜殑銆?/p>
浠ヤ笅鏁版嵁鍙緵瑙ｉ鏃跺弬鑰冿細
鐩稿鍘熷瓙璐ㄩ噺锛?/p>
H 1
锛?/p>
C 12
锛?/p>
O 16
锛?/p>
Na 23
锛?/p>
Al 27
锛?/p>
S 32
锛?/p>
Cl 35.5
锛?/p>
Fe 56
锛?/p>
Zn 65
1
銆佷互
N
A
涓洪樋浼忓姞寰风綏甯告暟鐨勫�硷紝涓嬪垪璇存硶姝ｇ‘鐨勬槸锛?/p>
锛?/p>
A
锛庢爣鍑嗙姸鍐典笅锛?/p>
22.4L
鐨?/p>
H
2
鍜?/p>
CO
2
娣峰悎姘斾綋涓惈鏈夌殑鍒嗗瓙鎬绘暟涓?/p>
N
A
B
锛庡父娓╁父鍘嬩笅锛?/p>
24g
閲戝睘闀佸彉涓洪晛绂诲瓙鏃跺緱鍒扮殑鐢靛瓙鏁颁负
2N
A
C
锛庢爣鍑嗙姸鍐典笅锛?/p>
5.6L
姘村惈鏈夌殑鍒嗗瓙鏁颁负
0.25N
A
D
锛?/p>
1 mol Cl
2
涓庤冻閲?/p>
Fe
鍙嶅簲锛岃浆绉荤殑鐢靛瓙鏁颁负
3N
A
2
銆佷笅鍒楄娉曟纭殑鏄紙
锛?/p>
A
锛庤瘯绠°�佺儳鏉�佽〃闈㈢毧銆佽捀鍙戠毧銆佸渾搴曠儳鐡堕兘鑳界敤閰掔簿鐏姞鐑?/p>
B
锛庣敤鐜荤拑妫掕樃鍙栨柊鍒舵隘姘达紝婊村湪
pH
璇曠焊涓婏紝鐒跺悗涓庢瘮鑹插崱瀵圭収锛屽彲娴嬪畾鏂板埗姘按鐨?/p>
pH
鍊?/p>
C
锛庣敤鏂板埗姘㈡哀鍖栭摐鎮祳娑插彲浠ラ壌鍒箼閰搞�佽憽钀勭硸鍜屾穩绮変笁绉嶆憾娑?/p>
D
锛庣敤鏍囧噯
NaOH
婧舵恫婊村畾鐩愰吀锛屾淮瀹氱灏栧槾閮ㄥ垎鍦ㄦ淮瀹氬墠鏃犳皵娉★紝婊村畾缁堢偣鏃跺嚭鐜版皵
娉★紝鍒欐祴
瀹氱粨鏋滃皢鍋忓ぇ
3
銆佷笅鍒楄娉曟纭殑鏄?/p>
( )
A
锛庡湪
101 k Pa
鏃讹紝
1 mol C
涓庨�傞噺
O
2
鍙嶅簲鐢熸垚
1mol CO
鏃讹紝鏀惧嚭
110.5 kJ
鐑?/p>
閲忥紝
鍒?/p>
C
鐨勭噧鐑х儹涓?/p>
110.5 kJ/mol
B
锛庡湪
10l k Pa
鏃?/p>
l mol H
2
瀹屽叏鐕冪儳鐢熸垚娑叉�佹按鏀惧嚭
285.8 kJ
鐑噺锛?/p>
H
2
鐕冪儳鐑负锕?/p>
285.8KJ/mol
C
锛庨壌瀹?/p>
HCl
鍜?/p>
NaOH
鍙嶅簲鐨勪腑鍜岀儹鏃讹紝姣忔瀹為獙鍧囧簲娴嬮噺
3
涓俯搴﹀嵆鐩愰吀璧峰娓╁害銆?/p>
NaOH
璧峰娓╁害鍜屽弽搴斿悗缁堟娓╁害
D
锛庡湪绋�婧舵恫涓細
H
+
锛?/p>
aq
锛?/p>
+oH
锕?
锛?/p>
aq
锛?/p>
=H
2
O
锛?/p>
l
锛夆柍
H=
锕?/p>
57.3KJ/mol
锛岃嫢灏嗗惈
0.5molH
2
SO
4
鐨勬祿纭吀涓庡惈
1mol NaOH
鐨勬憾娑叉贩鍚堬紝鏀惧嚭鐨勭儹閲忕瓑浜?/p>
57.3KJ
4
銆佷笅鍒楀弽搴旂殑绂诲瓙鏂圭▼寮忎功鍐欐纭殑鏄紙
锛?/p>
A
锛庡悜
KI
婧舵恫涓�氬叆灏戦噺姘皵锛?/p>
Cl
2
+2I
锕?/p>
=2Cl
锕?/p>
+I
2
B
锛庡悜
AlCl
3
婧舵恫涓淮鍏ュ皯閲忔皑姘达細
Al
3+
+3OH
锕?/p>
=Al
锛?/p>
OH
锛?/p>
3
鈫?/p>
C
锛庡悜
NaHCO
3
婧舵恫涓淮鍏ュ皯閲忕█纭吀锛?/p>
2H
+
+CO
3
2
锕?/p>
=CO
2
鈫?H
2
O
D
锛庡悜
Fe
2
锛?/p>
SO
4
锛?/p>
3
婧舵恫涓姞鍏ュ皯閲忛搧绮夛細
Fe
3+
+Fe=2Fe
2+
5
銆佸凡鐭ワ細
4NH
3
锛?/p>
g
锛?/p>
+5O
2
锛?/p>
g
锛?
4NO
锛?/p>
g
锛?/p>
+6H
2
O
锛?/p>
g
锛?/p>
锛屸柍
H=
锕?/p>
1025kJ/mol
锛岃鍙嶅簲
鏄竴涓彲閫嗗弽搴旓紝鑻ュ弽搴旂墿璧峰鐨勭墿璐ㄧ殑閲忕浉鍚岋紝涓嬪垪鍏充簬璇ュ弽搴旂殑绀烘剰鍥句笉姝ｇ‘鐨?/p>
鏄紙
锛?/p>
A
锛?/p>
B
锛?/p>
C
锛?/p>
D
锛?/p>